Does Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Provide a Quality-of-Life Benefit Over Traditional Closed Reduction of Mandibular Condyle Fractures?

Purpose: This study sought to estimate patient-reported outcomes and compare quality-of-life (QOL) measures between patients electing for either open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) or closed reduction with intermaxillary fixation (CRIMF).

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with unilateral condyle fractures who had undergone either ORIF or CRIMF at the New York University Tisch Hospital and Bellevue Hospital Center. The primary study predictor was treatment choice (ORIF or CRIMF).

Pediatric Benign Soft Tissue Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology.

Despite the many types of oral pathologic lesions found in infants and children, the most commonly encountered are benign soft tissue lesions. The clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment algorithms of pathologies in the age group from birth to 18 years of age are summarized based on their prevalence in each given age distribution. Treatment modalities include both medical and surgical management.

Salivary duct carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the palate: a case report.

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a rare malignancy of the head and neck, particularly in the minor salivary glands. Most cases arise in the major salivary glands, most commonly in the parotid gland, followed by the submandibular gland. The malignant component of the tumor varies, but can be salivary duct carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified.

Severe myeloneuropathy from acute high-dose nitrous oxide (N2O) abuse.

Background: Myeloneuropathy from chronic exposure to nitrous oxide has been described. Nitrous oxide irreversibly alters B(12) activation, causing signs and symptoms of B(12) deficiency.

Objectives: We describe a case of myeloneuropathy secondary to acute use of high-dose nitrous oxide.

Ocular infection and inflammation.

Managing the inflamed or infected eye in the emergency setting presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the emergency physician; the causes and prognoses range from benign, self-limited illness to organ-threatening pathology. A careful history, with attention to comorbid illnesses and time course, is paramount, as is knowledge of the complete ophthalmologic examination. Much of the organ morbidity is ameliorated with prompt therapy in the emergency department and by initiating ophthalmologic consultation.

Developing a novel Poverty in Healthcare curriculum for medical students at the University of Michigan Medical School.

Nearly 90 million Americans live below 200% of the federal poverty threshold. The links between lower socioeconomic status and poor health are clear, and all physicians face the resulting challenges in patient care. Current medical school curricula do not adequately prepare students to address this issue despite recommendations from the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Institute of Medicine.

Factors predictive of acute renal failure and need for hemodialysis among ED patients with rhabdomyolysis.

Objective: We assessed the primary causes of rhabdomyolysis, the factors associated with the development of acute renal failure (ARF), and the need for hemodialysis (HD) among a series of patients presenting to an urban emergency department with rhabdomyolysis.

Methods: A chart review between January 1992 and December 1995 was conducted of patients aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis and an initial serum creatine phosphokinase greater than 1000 U/L. Patients were excluded if they had evidence of myocardial ischemia, cerebrovascular insufficiency, or the development of rhabdomyolysis after hospitalization.

Colocolonic intussusception of a giant pseudopolyp in a patient with ulcerative colitis: a case report and review of the literature.

Adult intussusception in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rare phenomenon. Giant pseudopolyps, while generally considered benign, may function as lead points for intussusception. Diagnosis and management of intussusception in the setting of IBD can be fraught with hazards.

S-adenosylmethionine concentrations in diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Pneumocystis carinii is unable to synthesise S-adenosylmethionine and thus scavenges this intermediate. We aimed to test whether measurement of concentrations of this metabolic intermediate in plasma could provide a new method for rapid diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). We measured S-adenosylmethionine plasma concentrations in 12 healthy controls, 16 patients with confirmed or suspected PCP, and 36 patients with other infections.

Colonic histoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome mimicking carcinoma.

Four cases of colonic histoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome mimicking other diseases, primarily colonic adenocarcinoma, are presented. This topic has been extensively discussed from the medical and radiologic standpoint, but very few publications are found in the pathology literature. Emphasis is made on the discussion of the clinical manifestations; endoscopic, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics; differential diagnosis; and treatment.

Amiodarone attenuates fluoride-induced hyperkalemia in vitro.

Unlabelled: Poisoning by hydrofluoric acid or fluoride salts results in hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyperkalemia with subsequent cardiac dysrhythmias. In previous studies, quinidine attenuated fluoride-induced hyperkalemia in vitro, and enhanced survival in animals. Like quinidine, amiodarone is a potassium channel blocker, although amiodarone is more familiar to clinicians due to its recent inclusion in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) protocols.

Direct-care workers' attributions of psychopathology in adults with mental retardation.

The processes by which direct-care workers identify psychological disorder and need for treatment in adults with mental retardation was examined. A series of vignettes-varying in problem type, client's mental retardation level, and client's gender-was administered to 144 direct-care workers from four types of work settings. Results indicate that although the workers demonstrated an overall ability to accurately identify psychopathology, problem type, and client's mental retardation level were significantly related to workers' judgments regarding the presence of psychological disorder and need for treatment.

Stress and vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents.

Objective: This study examined the experiential factors and interacting vulnerabilities that contribute to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents.

Method: Of 100 consecutive referrals to an inner-city child and adolescent psychiatry clinic, 59 had experienced a trauma that qualified as a precipitant of PTSD. For those with trauma, ages ranged from 3 to 18 years (mean=9.