The power of personas: Exploring an innovative model for understanding stakeholder perspectives in an oncology learning health network.

Introduction: Learning health networks (LHNs) improve clinical outcomes by applying core tenets of continuous quality improvements (QI) to reach community-defined outcomes, data-sharing, and empowered interdisciplinary teams including patients and caregivers. LHNs provide an ideal environment for the rapid adoption of evidence-based guidelines and translation of research and best practices at scale. When an LHN is established, it is critical to understand the needs of all stakeholders.

Surgical Management of Fibrosing Mediastinitis Presenting as Superior Vena Cava Syndrome.

Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare chronic inflammatory condition characterized by excessive fibrotic process in the mediastinum. Although various infectious processes are more common causes, it can also be related to several malignancies. We report a case of a 28-year-old woman with fibrosing mediastinitis related to an aggressive primary gray-zone lymphoma causing complete occlusion of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the innominate veins.

Clinical Presentation and Percutaneous Treatment of Hemolytic Anemia Associated With Paravalvular Leak After TAVR.

Paravalvular leak (PVL) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established complication, albeit rarely associated with hemolytic anemia. This report details 3 cases of significant hemolytic anemia attributed to TAVR-induced PVL, each with distinct clinical presentations and manifestations. These cases underscore the diverse and occasionally subtle clinical presentation of aortic PVL-associated hemolytic anemia.

NET Models Meeting 2024 white paper: the current state of neuroendocrine tumour research models and our future aspirations.

Current models for the study of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are severely limited. While (e.g.

Gestational exposure to PM, NO, and sex steroid hormones: Identifying critical windows of exposure in the Rochester UPSIDE Cohort.

Background: Sex steroid hormones are critical for maintaining pregnancy and optimal fetal development. Air pollutants are potential endocrine disruptors that may disturb sex steroidogenesis during pregnancy, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.

Methods: In the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development pregnancy cohort (Rochester, NY), sex steroid concentrations were collected at study visits in early-, mid-, and late-pregnancy in 299 participants.

Implementing a Responsible Conduct of Research Curriculum for an Undergraduate Summer Clinical Research Program in Quantitative Sciences.

Objectives: Instilling the principles of ethical and responsible medical research is critical for educating the next generation of clinical researchers. We developed a responsible conduct of research (RCR) workshop and associated curriculum for undergraduate trainees in a quantitative clinical research program.

Methods: Topics in this 7-module RCR workshop are relevant to undergraduate trainees in quantitative fields, many of whom are learning about these concepts for the first time.

Gravity-Driven Ultrahigh-Speed Electrospinning for the Production of Ethyl Cellulose Fibers with Tunable Porosity for Oil Absorption.

Ethyl cellulose (EC) is a biocompatible, renewable, and recyclable material with diverse sources, making it an attractive candidate for industrial applications. Electrospinning has gained significant attention for the production of EC fibers. However, conventional electrospinning methods face challenges such as bead formation, low yield, and the absence of porous internal structures, limiting both the functional performance and scalability.

Revitalizing Innovation: Addressing the Effects of the Downturn in Venture Capital for Cardiovascular Devices.

Venture capital (VC) plays a critical role in driving advancements in medical device innovations through its investment in early-stage companies. However, a concerning trend has emerged over the past decade: a decline in interest from VC funds toward investing in medical devices. Particularly alarming is the more than 50% decrease in investment in early-stage medical device development over the span of 2 decades.

Seizure network characterization by functional connectivity mapping and manipulation.

Significance: Despite the availability of various anti-seizure medications, nearly 1/3 of epilepsy patients experience drug-resistant seizures. These patients are left with invasive surgical options that do not guarantee seizure remission. The development of novel treatment options depends on elucidating the complex biology of seizures and brain networks.

Centering historically minoritized populations to design effective messages about an evidence-based policy to advance social equity.

Researchers have raised concerns that messages describing racial disparities in social outcomes can reduce or polarize support for public policies to address inequality. We questioned this assumption by testing the impact of carefully crafted messages about child tax credit (CTC) expansion. We conducted two randomized message trials, study 1 using Prolific's nonprobability panel ( = 1,402) and study 2 using SSRS's Opinion Panel, a web-based probability sample of US adults ( = 4,483).

Neonatal inflammation and near-term white matter microstructure in infants born very preterm.

Background: Severe neonatal inflammatory conditions in very preterm infants (VPT: <32 weeks gestational age, GA) are linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Differences in white matter (WM) microstructure of the corpus callosum (CC) have been observed at age 6 in VPT children with a history of severe neonatal inflammation. The goal of this study was to determine whether these CC differences can be detected at term-equivalent age using diffusion MRI (dMRI), and whether neonatal inflammation is associated with altered WM in additional tracts implicated in the encephalopathy of prematurity.

Effectiveness of bundle of His pacing for cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure combined with wide QRS complex: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate systematically the feasibility and effectiveness of His Bundle Pacing (HBP) for cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, EMbase, WOS, Cochrane Library, Medline, and SinoMed for studies published between December 2003 and December 2023. Primary clinical outcomes included implantation success, QRS wave duration, pacing threshold, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function class, and complications.

The Incidence of Early Postoperative Complications Following Modified Radical Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients.

Introduction Breast cancer is considered the most common malignant tumor in women, and incidence rates have risen progressively over the last decades. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is an effective treatment option. This research sought to establish the frequency, causes, and distribution of postoperative complications that are associated with MRM in the Pakistani population suffering from breast cancer.

Outcome Measures to Evaluate Functional Recovery in Survivors of Respiratory Failure: A Scoping Review.

Background: Respiratory failure is a life-threatening condition affecting millions of individuals in the United States annually. Survivors experience persistent functional impairments, decreased quality of life, and cognitive impairments. However, no established standard exists for measuring functional recovery among survivors of respiratory failure.

The Atlas of Protein-Protein Interactions in Cancer (APPIC)-a webtool to visualize and analyze cancer subtypes.

Cancer is a complex disease with heterogeneous mutational and gene expression patterns. Subgroups of patients who share a phenotype might share a specific genetic architecture including protein-protein interactions (PPIs). We developed the Atlas of Protein-Protein Interactions in Cancer (APPIC), an interactive webtool that provides PPI subnetworks of 10 cancer types and their subtypes shared by cohorts of patients.

Acridine/Lewis Acid Complexes as Powerful Photocatalysts: A Combined Experimental and Mechanistic Study.

A class of generated Lewis acid (LA) activated acridine complexes is reported, which act as potent photochemical catalysts for the oxidation of a variety of protected secondary amines. Acridine/LA complexes exhibit tunable excited state reduction potentials ranging from +2.07 to 2.

An Observational Study to Determine the Prevalence of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales Infections and Clinical Outcomes, 10 US Sites, 2020--2022.

Background: We investigated hospitalized carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) cases with and without COVID-19, as identified through Emerging Infections Program surveillance in 10 sites from 2020 to 2022.

Methods: We defined a CRE case as the first isolation of , complex, , , , or resistant to any carbapenem. We defined an ESBL-E case as the first isolation of , , or resistant to any third-generation cephalosporin and nonresistant to all carbapenems tested.

Services and payments associated with the medicare new technology add-on payment program.

In 2001, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services established the New Technology Add-On Payment (NTAP) program to incentivize access to costly new technologies for Medicare beneficiaries. These technologies, authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), must demonstrate "substantial clinical improvement" when compared to existing technologies. However, in FY2021, the FDA introduced two expedited authorization pathways, allowing technologies with either designation to bypass the "substantial clinical improvement" criterion.

Accuracy of Echocardiographic Cardiac Output Assessment by Critical Care Fellows.

Background: Advanced critical care echocardiography comprises a specific set of qualitative and quantitative point-of-care echocardiography skills, including a reliable, noninvasive method to measure cardiac output. This technique requires echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) diameter and LVOT velocity time integral (VTI). Although there is a demand among critical care fellows to learn these advanced techniques, there are no data describing the acquisition of mastery in these skills.

Thrombolysis for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage continues to cause a significant burden of morbidity and mortality despite advances in care. Trials investigating local administration of thrombolytics have reported promising results.

Objectives: - To assess the effect of thrombolysis on improving functional outcome and case fatality following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage - To determine the effect of thrombolysis on the risk of cerebral artery vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischaemia, and hydrocephalus following subarachnoid haemorrhage - To determine the risk of complications of local thrombolysis in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (last searched 9 March 2023), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 9 March 2023), and Embase Ovid (1974 to 9 March 2023).

Large-scale and long-term wildlife research and monitoring using camera traps: a continental synthesis.

Camera traps are widely used in wildlife research and monitoring, so it is imperative to understand their strengths, limitations, and potential for increasing impact. We investigated a decade of use of wildlife cameras (2012-2022) with a case study on Australian terrestrial vertebrates using a multifaceted approach. We (i) synthesised information from a literature review; (ii) conducted an online questionnaire of 132 professionals; (iii) hosted an in-person workshop of 28 leading experts representing academia, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and government; and (iv) mapped camera trap usage based on all sources.

Examining the Impact of Race and Sex on the Incidence of Positive Surgical Margins in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of positive surgical margins (PSMs) between different races and sexes in a national cohort.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we analyzed the association between race and sex disparities and the incidence of PSMs based on data from the 2004-2016 National Cancer Database (NCDB). The NCDB includes deidentified data collected from over 1500 hospitals as part of the Commission on Cancer approvals program and represents over 70% of new cancer cases in the United States.