Identification of patients and plaques vulnerable to future coronary events with near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound imaging: a prospective, cohort study.

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) intravascular ultrasound imaging can detect lipid-rich plaques (LRPs). LRPs are associated with acute coronary syndromes or myocardial infarction, which can result in revascularisation or cardiac death. In this study, we aimed to establish the relationship between LRPs detected by NIRS-intravascular ultrasound imaging at unstented sites and subsequent coronary events from new culprit lesions.

Transcatheter Versus Medical Treatment of Patients With Symptomatic Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation.

Background: Tricuspid regurgitation is associated with increased rates of heart failure (HF) and mortality. Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions (TTVI) are promising, but the clinical benefit is unknown.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of TTVI over medical therapy in a propensity score matched population.

Indications and results for hybrid interventions in patients with congenital heart disease.

A hybrid therapy or procedure is a new treatment modality that develops by combining therapies from different subspecialties. In congenital heart disease, a growing number of such procedures have been described in recent decades, as a result of increasing collaboration between surgeons and interventionalists. The ideas behind these therapies include enabling the performance of procedures of different complexity in a less invasive manner, shortening procedural times, avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass, facilitating vascular access and decreasing the number of complications associated with more invasive approaches.

Career Goals, Salary Expectations, and Salary Negotiation Among Male and Female General Surgery Residents.

Importance: In general surgery, women earn less money and hold fewer leadership positions compared with their male counterparts.

Objective: To assess whether differences exist between the perspectives of male and female general surgery residents on future career goals, salary expectations, and salary negotiation that may contribute to disparity later in their careers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study was based on an anonymous and voluntary survey sent to 19 US general surgery programs.

Subtraction hemiarthoplasty in basal joint arthritis: A case report.

Background: Basal joint arthritis is a common disease which is especially present in post-menopausal women. A variety of procedures have been described once conservative treatment has failed. The purpose of our study is to present a novel surgical technique based on a clinical case with three-year follow-up which is highly effective, even after failure of previous procedures.

What characteristics do orthodontists desire in orthognathic surgeons?

Objective: The purpose of our study was to report and rank orthognathic surgeon characteristics as valued by referring orthodontists.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study surveying orthodontists registered with the American Academy of Orthodontists' Partners in Research program. Survey items gathered information on both orthodontist characteristics and perceptions across 9 surgeon characteristics.

Occurrence, risk factors, and outcomes of bone cement implantation syndrome after hemi and total hip arthroplasty in cancer patients.

Background And Objectives: Patients undergoing cement fixation for hip arthroplasty are at increased risk of developing bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS). We sought to determine: what is the occurrence of BCIS in patients with cancer after hip arthroplasty? What are the risk factors in patients with cancer for the development of this syndrome? What is the outcome for patients with cancer having BCIS?

Methods: We identified 374 patients with cancer who underwent cemented hip arthroplasty between 2010 and 2014. Patient characteristics, operative variables, and outcomes were collected.

Devices for endoscopic hemostasis of nonvariceal GI bleeding (with videos).

Background: Endoscopic intervention is often the first line of therapy for GI nonvariceal bleeding. Although some of the devices and techniques used for this purpose have been well studied, others are relatively new, with few available outcomes data.

Methods: In this document, we review devices and techniques for endoscopic treatment of nonvariceal GI bleeding, the evidence regarding their efficacy and safety, and financial considerations for their use.

The Amount of Relative Curve Correction Is More Important Than Upper Instrumented Vertebra Selection for Ensuring Postoperative Shoulder Balance in Lenke Type 1 and Type 2 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected multicenter database.

Objective: To assess how "overcorrection" of the main thoracic curve without control of the proximal curve increases the risk for shoulder imbalance in Lenke type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Postop shoulder imbalance is a common complication following AIS surgery.

Optimal Timing of Total Gastrectomy to Prevent Diffuse Gastric Cancer in Individuals With Pathogenic Variants in CDH1.

Background & Aims: Carriers of pathogenic variants in CDH1 have a high risk of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). Guidelines recommend prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG) at age 20-30 years, although there is controversy over the optimal age. We developed a simulation model to analyze the effects of PTG at different ages on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), cancer mortality, and life expectancy.

A Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Voxelotor in Sickle Cell Disease.

Background: Deoxygenated sickle hemoglobin (HbS) polymerization drives the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. Therefore, direct inhibition of HbS polymerization has potential to favorably modify disease outcomes. Voxelotor is an HbS polymerization inhibitor.

Acute kidney injury is associated with higher mortality and healthcare costs in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.

Introduction And Objectives: AKI is known to be associated with increased risk of mortality, however limited information is available on how AKI impacts healthcare costs and resource utilization in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Previous studies have had variable definitions of AKI, resulting in inconsistent reporting of the true impact of AKI in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods: Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) which contains data from 44 states and 4378 hospitals, accounting for over 7 million discharges were analyzed.

Medical Management Versus Surgical Bypass for Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a major cause of stroke worldwide. The optimal management of patients with symptomatic ICAD is controversial. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to compare medical management versus surgical bypass for the treatment of symptomatic ICAD.

Endoscopic simulators.

Background And Aims: Simulation refers to educational tools that allow for repetitive instruction in a nonpatient care environment that is risk-free. In GI endoscopy, simulators include ex vivo animal tissue models, live animal models, mechanical models, and virtual reality (VR) computer simulators.

Methods: After a structured search of the peer-reviewed medical literature, this document reviews commercially available GI endoscopy simulation systems and clinical outcomes of simulation in endoscopy.

Variability in rehabilitation protocols following pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

: The objective of this study was to assess the variability of publicly available pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction rehabilitation protocols produced by academic orthopedic surgery departments and children's hospitals.: A web-based search was performed to identify rehabilitation protocols. Protocol and literature review guided the development of a comprehensive scoring rubric that was used to assess protocols for the presence and timing of postoperative adjunctive therapy and physical therapy recommendations.

Characteristics of surgical prosthetic heart valves and problems around labeling: A document from the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)-The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Valve Labelling Task Force.

Intraoperative surgical prosthetic heart valve (SHV) choice is a key determinant of successful surgery and positive postoperative outcomes. Currently, many controversies exist around the sizing and labeling of SHVs rendering the comparison of different valves difficult. To explore solutions, an expert Valve Labelling Task Force was jointly initiated by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS).

Characteristics of Surgical Prosthetic Heart Valves and Problems Around Labelling: A Document From the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)-The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Valve Labelling Task Force.

Intraoperative surgical prosthetic heart valve (SHV) choice is a key determinant of successful surgery and positive postoperative outcomes. Currently, many controversies exist around the sizing and labelling of SHVs rendering the comparison of different valves difficult. To explore solutions, an expert Valve Labelling Task Force was jointly initiated by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS).

Wrist Denervation: Techniques and Outcomes.

Wrist denervation is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of chronic wrist pain that can delay or eliminate the need for salvage or anatomically distorting procedure, such as proximal row carpectomy. The traditionally more extensive wrist denervation has evolved to procedures requiring fewer incisions. Efficacy of this procedure is corroborated by multiple publications either as a stand-alone procedure or as an adjunct to other procedures.

The Weekend Effect in AAA Repair.

Background: Conflicting reports exist regarding whether patients undergoing surgery on the weekend or later in the week experience worse outcomes.

Methods: We identified patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair in the Vascular Quality Initiative between 2009 and 2017 [n = 38,498; 30,537 endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and 7961 open repair]. We utilized mixed effects logistic regression to compare adjusted rates of perioperative mortality based on the day of repair.

Characteristics of surgical prosthetic heart valves and problems around labelling: a document from the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)-The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Valve Labelling Task Force.

Intraoperative surgical prosthetic heart valve (SHV) choice is a key determinant of successful surgery and positive postoperative outcomes. Currently, many controversies exist around the sizing and labelling of SHVs rendering the comparison of different valves difficult. To explore solutions, an expert Valve Labelling Task Force was jointly initiated by the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS).

Unplanned readmission after traumatic injury: A long-term nationwide analysis.

Background: Long-term outcomes after trauma admissions remain understudied. We analyzed the characteristics of inpatient readmissions within 6 months of an index hospitalization for traumatic injury.

Methods: Using the 2010 to 2015 Nationwide Readmissions Database, which captures data from up to 27 US states, we identified patients at least 15 years old admitted to a hospital through an emergency department for blunt trauma, penetrating trauma, or burns.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia - Current imaging modalities and a systematic approach for tumor localization.

Paraneoplastic syndromes are symptom complexes that cannot be readily explained by local or distant spread of the tumor. They can occur due to hormone production, autoimmunity or other biologically active products produced by the tumor, etc. Tumor induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which the manifestation is mainly musculoskeletal such as bone pain, fractures and muscle weakness as a consequence of elaboration of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by the tumor.

Anatomic Relationship of the Complex Tricuspid Valve, Right Ventricle, and Pulmonary Vasculature: A Review.

Importance: Severe functional or secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with poor long-term outcomes in natural history studies as well as specific disease states. An understanding of the physiologic causes of the TR is lacking precluding a systematic approach to treatment.

Observations: The complex anatomic relationship between the tricuspid valve apparatus and structure of the right side of the heart lends insight into the functional changes seen with secondary TR.

Utilization and Economic Impact of Posterolateral Fusion and Posterior/Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries in the United States.

Study Design: Retrospective database study.

Objective: To analyze the economic and age data concerning primary and revision posterolateral fusion (PLF) and posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF/TLIF) throughout the United States to improve value-based care and health care utilization.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for patients who underwent primary or revision PLF and PLIF/TLIF between 2011 and 2014.