Right Ventricular Injury Definition and Management in Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Right ventricular injury (RVI) in respiratory failure receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) is associated with significant mortality. A scoping review is necessary to map the current literature and guide future research regarding the definition and management of RVI in patients receiving VV ECMO. We searched for relevant publications on RVI in patients receiving VV ECMO in Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science.

Endometrium-Free Closure Technique During Cesarean Delivery for Reducing the Risk of Niche Formation and Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and severity of postcesarean residual niche, evaluated using saline infusion sonohysterography, in an expanded cohort of women with one prior cesarean delivery and to assess the effect of uterine closure technique on the risk of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.

Methods: This secondary analysis includes 70 patients who underwent saline infusion sonohysterography after one prior cesarean delivery. Patients were grouped according to hysterotomy closure technique: two-layer endometrium-free closure (technique A), and two- or one-layer routine closures (technique B).

Evaluating the Accuracy of Relative Value Unit and Operative Time Changes in Breast Reconstruction.

Background: As part of the 2021 changes to breast reconstruction CPT codes, the Relative Value Scale Update Committee (RUC) recommended adjustments to work RVUs (wRVUs) based on newly surveyed intraoperative times. Our objective was to gauge the accuracy of operative time and wRVU adjustments using national data as a benchmark.

Methods: We queried the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database for operative times from 2005-2021 for reevaluated CPT codes.

Plasma anti-CD4 IgG levels are associated with poor immune recovery in people with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy.

A segment of people with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to experience poor immune recovery, leaving them at heightened risk of non-AIDS-defining events (NAEs). The production of anti-CD4 IgG autoreactive antibodies is suggested as one contributing mechanism to these complications. Here, we found that plasma anti-CD4 levels do not discriminate immunological responders from nonresponders nor predict the occurrence of NAEs, suggesting it is unlikely a contributing immunopathological factor associated with these complications.

Contribution of cognitive status on admission to mobility and balance at discharge from acute rehabilitation for stroke.

Acute inpatient rehabilitation is crucial for improving mobility and balance for individuals with stroke. A potentially important factor in the recovery of mobility and balance is cognition. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cognition on mobility and balance in acute stroke rehabilitation.

Cultural Factors, Social Structures, and Social Determinants of Health: The Need for Clarity in Assessing Psychopathology.

Over the past decade, researchers translating anthropological theories for clinical use have debated how practitioners should assess cultural factors, social structures, and social determinants of health with patients. Advocates of structural competency have suggested that clinical cultural competency programs demonstrate limited effects on health outcomes because of the static understanding of culture employed. They recommend that cultural factors be reformulated with an emphasis on social structures.

Increased medication utilization precedes incidentally diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter, case-control study.

This study investigates whether subclinical inflammation in asymptomatic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients leads to increased medication use. In a multicenter, retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with incidental ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease during colorectal cancer screening (2010-2021), medication use was compared with symptomatic patients and healthy non-IBD controls. Asymptomatic patients showed a higher use of cardiovascular, antiparasitic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and sensory organ medications up to five years before diagnosis.

The Paradise Renal Denervation System: An FDA-approved catheter-based treatment option for resistant hypertension.

Resistant hypertension is defined as office blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg with a mean 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure of >130/80 mm Hg in patients who are compliant with 3 or more antihypertensive medications. Those who persistently fail pharmaceutical therapy may benefit from interventional treatment, such as renal denervation. Sympathetic nervous activity in the kidney is a known contributor to increased blood pressure because it results in efferent and afferent arteriole vasoconstriction, reduced renal blood flow, increased sodium and water reabsorption, and the release of renin.

Updating an HIV Knowledge Questionnaire With Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Through Expert Opinions in the United States Using Delphi Methodology: A Qualitative Study.

Our study was designed to update the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire by incorporating pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) knowledge questions, as previous HIV knowledge tools lack this focus. Four rounds of Delphi surveys were conducted with 47 expert participants, each with extensive HIV-related expertise (mean experience: 18.94 years).

HIV Vulnerability Typologies Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Lesotho: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional, Latent Class Analysis.

Adolescent girls and young women ages 15-29 years (AGYW) living in Lesotho experience a disproportionate HIV burden. Using a household-based national survey in Lesotho, we conducted a three-step latent class analysis to identify typologies of AGYW most vulnerable to HIV infection. We first classified AGYW into HIV vulnerability groups based on self-reported sexual behaviors, then identified associations between typology and HIV diagnosis.

Sulfites: The 2024 American Contact Dermatitis Society Allergen of the Year.

The American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) selected sulfites as the 2024 Allergen of the Year. These common and potentially allergenic ingredients are used as preservatives and antioxidants in a variety of foods, beverages, medications, and personal care products. In this article, we review common sources of sulfite exposure, clinical manifestations of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to sulfites, and patch testing considerations for this emerging allergen.

Sociodemographic Disparities in the Use of Hospice by U.S. Nursing Home Residents: A Systematic Review.

Hospice can improve end-of-life (EOL) outcomes in U.S. nursing homes (NHs).

Radical Resection of a Radial Ewing Sarcoma and Ulnar Centralization in a 10-Month-Old Girl: A Case Report.

Case: We outline the management of a 10-month-old girl with an Ewing sarcoma involving the entire radius. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy resulting in almost a complete response. A limb-sparing procedure was performed consisting of a radical resection of the entire radius and centralization of the carpus to the ulna.

Built to remove carbon.

Building materials could facilitate long-term removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Tropical forest clearance impacts biodiversity and function, whereas logging changes structure.

The impacts of degradation and deforestation on tropical forests are poorly understood, particularly at landscape scales. We present an extensive ecosystem analysis of the impacts of logging and conversion of tropical forest to oil palm from a large-scale study in Borneo, synthesizing responses from 82 variables categorized into four ecological levels spanning a broad suite of ecosystem properties: (i) structure and environment, (ii) species traits, (iii) biodiversity, and (iv) ecosystem functions. Responses were highly heterogeneous and often complex and nonlinear.

The many misuses of the rape kit Vintage, 2025. 256 pp.

Haphazardly applied, frequently lost, and often ignored, the vital forensic tool also has a troubling past.

Superstable lipid vacuoles endow cartilage with its shape and biomechanics.

Conventionally, the size, shape, and biomechanics of cartilages are determined by their voluminous extracellular matrix. By contrast, we found that multiple murine cartilages consist of lipid-filled cells called lipochondrocytes. Despite resembling adipocytes, lipochondrocytes were molecularly distinct and produced lipids exclusively through de novo lipogenesis.

Bile acid synthesis impedes tumor-specific T cell responses during liver cancer.

The metabolic landscape of cancer greatly influences antitumor immunity, yet it remains unclear how organ-specific metabolites in the tumor microenvironment influence immunosurveillance. We found that accumulation of primary conjugated and secondary bile acids (BAs) are metabolic features of human hepatocellular carcinoma and experimental liver cancer models. Inhibiting conjugated BA synthesis in hepatocytes through deletion of the BA-conjugating enzyme bile acid-CoA:amino acid -acyltransferase (BAAT) enhanced tumor-specific T cell responses, reduced tumor growth, and sensitized tumors to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy.

A genomics learning framework for undergraduates.

Genomics is an increasingly important part of biology research. However, educating undergraduates in genomics is not yet a standard part of life sciences curricula. We believe this is, in part, due to a lack of standard concepts for the teaching of genomics.

Design and evaluation of a problem-based learning VR module for apparel fit correction training.

The increased adoption of three-dimensional (3D) digital prototyping software programs makes it necessary to train novice designers to use these programs efficiently. However, existing studies spanning from engineering to design education indicate that students feel incompetent in understanding 3D digital prototypes and navigating the software, so there is a need to find effective training methods. In the current study, training modules were developed to teach participants fit correction skills through an iterative problem-based learning (PBL) approach.