Real-world study of patients with HR+/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib and fulvestrant.

Aims: To investigate real-world treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who initiated first-line palbociclib-fulvestrant.

Patients & Methods: Retrospective observational study of iKnowMed electronic health records among patients who initiated first-line palbociclib-fulvestrant between 1 February 2016 and 31 December 2019 and were followed through 30 June 2020. Demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics were evaluated descriptively.

Role of A-Site Cation Hydrogen Bonds in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites: A Theoretical Insight.

Hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites (HOIPs) have garnered a significant amount of attention due to their exceptional photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, they still face considerable challenges in large-scale applications, primarily due to their instability. One key factor influencing this instability is the lattice softness attributed to the A-site cations.

Cell size has pervasive effects on the functional composition and morphology of leaves: a case study in Rhododendron (Ericaceae).

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) characterizes a tradeoff between building a leaf for durability versus for energy capture and gas exchange, with allocation to leaf dry mass per projected surface area (LMA) being a key trait underlying this tradeoff. However, regardless of the biomass supporting the leaf, high rates of gas exchange are typically accomplished by small, densely packed stomata on the leaf surface, which is enabled by smaller genome sizes. Here, we investigate how variation in genome size-cell size allometry interacts with variation in biomass allocation (i.

Drowned Kidney and Liver Donors Demonstrate No Difference in Mortality and Graft Failure Compared With the 4 Most Common Extrinsic Causes of Donor Deaths.

Objectives: The risks of mortality and graft failure in those receiving organ transplants from donors who have drowned are unclear. We compared 5-year mortality and graft survival from those receiving a drowned donor kidney or liver to those receiving organs from alternative causes of nondrowning donor death.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we searched the United Network for Organ Sharing database between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2022.

Recommendations for Specialty Palliative APRN Graduate Education.

Background: Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are essential to care for the growing number of individuals with advanced illness given the shortage of palliative care clinicians.

Problem: Graduate education for specialty practice palliative APRNs lacks consistency in structure, content, and standardization of specialty palliative APRN education.

Approach: A workgroup of expert palliative APRNs and graduate faculty conducted focused discussions and a literature review to develop consensus recommendations based on national palliative APRN competencies and aligned with the 8 core concepts of the AACN Essentials.

Leveraging Metal Complexes for Microsecond Lifetime-Based Chloride Sensing.

Chloride is the most abundant anion in cells and plays many critical roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, current chloride indicators are rare with inherent sensitivity in their emission properties, such as vulnerability to pH changes or short emission lifetimes. These limitations restrict their application in aqueous media and imaging.

Patient-reported outcomes in genital gender-affirming surgery.

Purpose Of Review: We reviewed the latest articles in patient-reported outcomes as it relates to genital gender-affirming surgery (GGAS) and provide a narrative summary of each article.

Recent Findings: The current landscape of patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) within GGAS largely consists of various ad hoc questionnaires. Within the last two years, one new PROM, validated within the transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) community, have been described.

A novel susceptibility locus to () identified by genetic mapping of automated microscopy computer vision data in grapevines.

Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus , is one of the primary causes of grape yield loss across the globe. While numerous resistance loci have been identified in various grapevine species, the genetic determinants of susceptibility to remain largely unexplored. Understanding the genetics of susceptibility for pathogenesis is equally important for developing durable resistance grapevines against this pathogen.

Social Network Barriers to Extended-Release Naltrexone Within Rural Appalachia: Perspectives from Justice-Involved Clients and Clinicians.

Background: Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX, Vivitrol) is an effective, but underutilized, evidence-based treatment for people with opioid use disorder (POUD) who are incarcerated. Networks of family, friends, and clinicians serve as social influencers of health behaviors, including XR-NTX initiation, and are especially salient in Appalachia.

Objectives: Using a triangulation of perspectives, this study examined concordance between the social network themes that emerged from qualitative interviews with clinicians and POUD social network findings.

Relationship between community characteristics and impact of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate potential sources of heterogeneity in the effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases among restaurants located in areas with different neighborhood characteristics.

Methods: In a quasi-experimental design, using transaction data from 2329 Taco Bell restaurants across the United States between 2008 and 2014, we estimated the relationships of census tract-level income, racial and ethnic composition, and urbanicity with the impacts of calorie labeling on calories purchased per transaction.

Results: Calorie labeling led to small, absolute reductions in calories purchased across all population subgroups, ranging between -9.

"New Normal:" Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Syringe Service Programs Following the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Syringe services programs (SSPs) provide critical evidence-based public health services that decrease harms from drug use for people who use drugs (PWUD). Many SSPs have experienced significant and evolving COVID-19-related disruptions. We aimed to characterize the impacts of COVID-19 on SSP operations in the United States approximately two years into the pandemic.

Accelerating the Discovery of Abiotic Vesicles with AI-Guided Automated Experimentation.

The first protocells are speculated to have arisen from the self-assembly of simple abiotic carboxylic acids, alcohols, and other amphiphiles into vesicles. To study the complex process of vesicle formation, we combined laboratory automation with AI-guided experimentation to accelerate the discovery of specific compositions and underlying principles governing vesicle formation. Using a low-cost commercial liquid handling robot, we automated experimental procedures, enabling high-throughput testing of various reaction conditions for mixtures of seven (7) amphiphiles.

Construction and characterization of chimeric FcγR T cells for universal T cell therapy.

Background: Several approaches are being explored for engineering off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this study, we engineered chimeric Fcγ receptor (FcγR) T cells and tested their potential as a versatile platform for universal T cell therapy.

Methods: Chimeric FcγR (CFR) constructs were generated using three distinct forms of FcγR, namely CD16A, CD32A, and CD64.

The interaction of tPA with NMDAR1 drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity.

The thrombolytic protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is expressed in the CNS, where it regulates diverse functions including neuronal plasticity, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain-barrier integrity. However, its role in different brain regions such as the substantia nigra (SN) is largely unexplored. In this study, we characterize tPA expression, activity, and localization in the SN using a combination of retrograde tracing and β-galactosidase tPA reporter mice.

Blood absolute lymphocyte count and trajectory are important in understanding severe COVID-19.

Background: Low blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) may predict severe COVID-19 outcomes. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the relationship of ALC trajectory with clinical outcomes and factors associated with lymphopenia.

Methods: Our post hoc analysis of the Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 platform trial utilized proportional hazards models to assess relationships between Day (D) 0 lymphopenia (ALC < 0.

2-[F]Fluoropropionic Acid PET Imaging of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Purpose: Treatment of pediatric cancers with doxorubicin is a common and predictable cause of cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and intervention are major determinants for the prevention of advanced disease. The onset of cardiomyopathies is often accompanied by profound changes in lipid metabolism, including an enhanced uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA).

Predicting image memorability from evoked feelings.

While viewing a visual stimulus, we often cannot tell whether it is inherently memorable or forgettable. However, the memorability of a stimulus can be quantified and partially predicted by a collection of conceptual and perceptual factors. Higher-level properties that represent the "meaningfulness" of a visual stimulus to viewers best predict whether it will be remembered or forgotten across a population.

Governance and resilience as entry points for transforming food systems in the countdown to 2030.

Due to complex interactions, changes in any one area of food systems are likely to impact-and possibly depend on-changes in other areas. Here we present the first annual monitoring update of the indicator framework proposed by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative, with new qualitative analysis elucidating interactions across indicators. Since 2000, we find that 20 of 42 indicators with time series have been trending in a desirable direction, indicating modest positive change.

ROAR-CAT: Rapid Online Assessment of Reading ability with Computerized Adaptive Testing.

The Rapid Online Assessment of Reading (ROAR) is a web-based lexical decision task that measures single-word reading abilities in children and adults without a proctor. Here we study whether item response theory (IRT) and computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can be used to create a more efficient online measure of word recognition. To construct an item bank, we first analyzed data taken from four groups of students (N = 1960) who differed in age, socioeconomic status, and language-based learning disabilities.