Fetal exposure to gestational diabetes severity and postnatal infant feeding in the first year of life associated with preadolescent obesity: a prospective cohort.

Objective: This study sought to evaluate the distinct impact of fetal exposure to gestational diabetes (GDM) severity, as well as the impact of infant breastfeeding (BF) and sugary beverage intake, on preadolescent overweight and obesity, accounting for other established risk factors.

Methods: This analysis included 850 mother-infant dyads exposed to GDM who reported monthly infant BF duration and intensity, as well as sugary beverage intake (sugar-sweetened beverages [SSB] and 100% fruit juice [FJ]) during the first year of life, BMI measured at ages 6 to 11 years, and GDM severity variables (i.e.

Cutaneous Hemangioma With Epithelioid Features Harboring TPM3/4::ALK Fusions: A Distinct Entity or a Molecular Variant of Epithelioid Hemangioma?

Vascular neoplasms with epithelioid cytomorphology encompass a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions, including epithelioid hemangioma (EH), cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule (CEAN), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), and epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS). Recently, the first case of a cutaneous hemangioma with epithelioid features harboring a TPM3::ALK fusion was reported. Herein, we report 4 additional cases, including 1 case with an alternate TPM4::ALK fusion, and expand on the clinicopathologic and molecular genetic features of these unusual vascular lesions.

A Brain-Penetrating Foldamer Rescues Aβ Aggregation-Associated Alzheimer's Disease Phenotypes in Models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is the leading cause of dementia, affecting nearly 55 million people across the world. One of the central pathological factors associated with AD is the aggregation of Aβ, a peptide product cleaved through pathological processes in AD. Under pathological conditions, Aβ aggregates into insoluble plaques in the brain and impairs the function of neurons, which contributes to the cognitive decline associated with AD.

EXPRESS: Cancer Mortality in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is linked with an increased risk of cancers, particularly hematologic malignancies. Cancer mortality among patients with SLE in the United States (U.S.

Correlates of Treatment Satisfaction among Adults Convicted of Sex Offenses.

Treatment satisfaction and post-treatment factors have not received focus in research on the efficacy of sex offender treatment. We aim to describe factors that are associated with treatment satisfaction and how having satisfaction with sex offender treatment is related to future health and protective factors. We solicited responses via an anonymous self-administered survey from 718 adults in the United States who were required to register on a sex offender registry.

Efficacy of human papillomavirus vaccines in the prevention of male genital diseases: a systematic review.

Objectives: To evaluate the results of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in preventing male genital-related diseases.

Methods: A systematic search of English language literature using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was performed in April 2024 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol.

Results: Evidence from four RCTs (including 7008 male participants) support the efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in preventing genital warts and persistent HPV infection in HPV-naïve men.

Threatened synanthropes depend on intact forests: a critical evaluation of Moore et al. (2023).

Synanthropes are known for their remarkable adaptability to coexist with humans, yet increased visibility exposes them to significant threats, such as hunting or conflict over resources. Moore et al.'s review 'The rise of hyperabundant native generalists threatens both humans and nature' (https://doi.

Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.

Background: The HIV-1 reservoir in CD4+ T cells (HR) pose a major challenge to curing HIV, with many of its mechanisms still unclear. HIV-1 DNA integration and immune responses may alter the host's epigenetic landscape, potentially silencing HIV-1 replication.

Methods: This study used bisulphite capture DNA methylation sequencing in CD4+ T cells from the blood of 427 virally suppressed women with HIV to identify differentially methylated sites and regions associated with HR.

Modeling the Impact of Vaccine Dose Prioritization Strategies During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak.

Early in the 2022 mpox outbreak, the U.S. recommendation was to administer two doses of the JYNNEOS® vaccine 4 weeks apart.

Endophytic bacteria discovered in oil body organelles of the liverworts Marchantia polymorpha and Radula complanata.

Premise: Interactions between endophytic microbes and bryophytes have been understudied. The liverwort oil body has also remained poorly understood since its discovery, and modern studies have failed to ascertain its function and composition. Many liverwort species possess oil bodies with conspicuous granules of unknown structure.

Mental health conditions, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life in adults with a skeletal dysplasia: a cross-sectional multinational study.

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated mental health conditions, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adults with short-statured skeletal dysplasia conditions across three centres; in New York, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Norway.

Methods: Questionnaires were sent to patients registered at the centres or distributed to adults attending clinics. The questionnaires included demographics, medical history, depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), pain catastrophizing, activities of daily living (HAQ), and HRQOL (SF 36/RAND-36 and PROMIS-29).

Drivers of Job Loss Among Chinese Breast Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the reasons for the high risk of job loss previously identified among foreign-born Chinese breast cancer survivors in the United States Qualitative interviews were conducted to explore challenges leading to job loss during/after treatment and to help identify potential interventions to promote job retention and re-employment.

Patients And Methods: The research team conducted semi-structured interviews with foreign-born Chinese breast cancer survivors in New York City. A total of 12 participants, previously enrolled in the Breast Cancer and the Workforce study, were interviewed between February and November 2018.

International evidence-based recommendations for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents.

Background: During adolescence, accurate diagnostic criteria and/or identification of adolescents "at risk" of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are critical to establish appropriate screening, treatment, and lifelong health plans. The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline for PCOS aimed to provide the most up-to-date evidence-based recommendations to improve health outcomes for individuals with PCOS, emphasizing accurate and timely diagnosis of PCOS from adolescence.

Methods: The best practice methods following the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE-II) criteria were applied.

The relationship between VAI, LAP, and depression and the mediation role of sleep duration-evidence from NHANES 2005-2020.

Background: The relationship between obesity and mental health has attracted attention. However, large sample studies on the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression are lacking. This study aimed to explore the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression by using visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP).

Psychological booster shots targeting memory increase long-term resistance against misinformation.

An increasing number of real-world interventions aim to preemptively protect or inoculate people against misinformation. Inoculation research has demonstrated positive effects on misinformation resilience when measured immediately after treatment via messages, games, or videos. However, very little is currently known about their long-term effectiveness and the mechanisms by which such treatment effects decay over time.

The journey of the cardiovascular polypill from its conception to the WHO List of Essential Medicines.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has achieved pandemic proportions and is currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Barriers to optimal secondary cardiovascular prevention include lack of access to chronic treatment as well as low adherence in those who receive these treatments. The polypill represents a simple, cost-effective, scalable strategy to improve access and adherence to medication and effectively bridge the current gap in secondary prevention of CVD.

SLC37A3-associated retinitis pigmentosa: a case report of clinical features and three-year follow up.

Purpose: To describe a case of SLC37A3-associated retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and associated imaging and electroretinography findings.

Methods: The patient was evaluated at Columbia University Irving Medical Center using a comprehensive multimodal imaging protocol that included color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Functional assessments were conducted using full-field electroretinography (ERG), following the ISCEV standard protocols to ensure consistent and reproducible measurements of photoreceptor activity.

Establishing content validity of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate content validity of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS), a patient-reported outcome measure, in adults with anhedonia in the context of major depressive disorder (MDD). To accomplish this, a conceptual model including the symptoms and impacts of anhedonia in the context of MDD was developed and refined through a targeted literature review, clinician interviews (N = 6), and participant interviews (N = 20).

Results: Using the final conceptual model, an item mapping exercise was conducted for the DARS, demonstrating that it provided suitable concept coverage in this population.

Four-rod technique for neuromuscular scoliosis and pelvic obliquity correction: technical note and case series.

Surgical correction of neuromuscular scoliosis is a challenging problem facing spine surgeons. Many patients require long constructs and pelvic fixation to obtain adequate curve correction and pelvic obliquity correction. The aim of this technical note is to describe a technique for sequential pelvic obliquity and scoliotic curve correction in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis using four rods in upper thoracic to pelvis posterior spinal fusion, without the need for intraoperative traction.

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative pain management after ventral hernia repair: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative pain remains a common concern following ventral hernia repair (VHR), especially for open procedures. We aim to assess the effectiveness of the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block for the management of postoperative pain following VHR.

Methods: Cochrane, EMBASE, and PubMED, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies comprising adults undergoing VHR with preoperative TAP block, compared to placebo and epidural analgesia.

Enhancing wheat growth under chromium toxicity using gibberellic acid and microbial inoculants as modulating agents.

Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic heavy metal that can negatively impact crop yield and food quality by causing chlorosis and reduced root and shoot growth. To address this issue, rhizobacteria has emerged as a viable and safe technology. Additionally, gibberellins (GA3) can act as allied factors for regulating various physiological processes in plants, particularly cell division and elongation under Cr stress.

New remarkably complete skeleton of Mixodectes reveals arboreality in a large Paleocene primatomorphan mammal following the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction.

Mixodectids are poorly understood placental mammals from the Paleocene of western North America that have variably been considered close relatives of euarchontan mammals (primates, dermopterans, and scandentians) with hypothesized relationships to colugos, extinct plagiomenids, and/or microsyopid plesiadapiforms. Here we describe the most complete dentally associated skeleton yet recovered for a mixodectid, specifically Mixodectes pungens from the early Paleocene of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. A partial skull with all the teeth erupted and associated axial skeleton, forelimbs, and hind limbs, with epiphyses fused, indicate that it was a mature adult.