Isolating the role of researcher observation on reactivity to the measurement of physical activity.

Reactivity to physical activity (PA) measurement may result from the introduction of a measurement device, researcher observation, or both. Accessing data from prior to study enrollment afforded the rare opportunity to compare behavior during versus prior to participation. This study introduced researcher observation among adults who owned their own PA monitoring device, to test whether measurement reactivity can also be observed in experienced PA trackers, by comparing their data from before versus after the introduction of observation.

A TBX2-driven signaling switch from androgen receptor to glucocorticoid receptor confers therapeutic resistance in prostate cancer.

Recent studies suggest that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation can cause enzalutamide resistance in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) via functional bypass of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. However, the specific molecular mechanism(s) driving this process remain unknown. We have previously reported that the transcription factor TBX2 is over-expressed in castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Effectiveness of Paliperidone Palmitate on Treatment Adherence and Relapse in the Adult Schizophrenia Population: A One-Year Mirror-Image Study in a Colombian Mental Health Care Facility.

Introduction: The benefits of long-acting injectable antipsychotics have been documented in several observational studies, but data remain scarce in Latin America. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of paliperidone palmitate once monthly (PP1M) on treatment adherence and relapse in the schizophrenia population followed in a government-funded mental health care facility in Colombia.

Methods: A mirror-image study was conducted.

Parents' perspectives and behaviors regarding their child's access to alcohol: Variation by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and neighborhood.

Background: Setting rules about alcohol use and minimizing its availability in the home are known effective parent-level strategies for reducing underage drinking risk. However, parents' restrictions and their perceptions of their child's alcohol access have rarely been considered in combination (e.g.

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for adolescents with treatment-resistant depression: Behavioral and neural correlates of clinical improvement.

Background: Affective bias toward negativity is associated with depression and may represent a promising treatment target. Stimulating the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) with deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) could lead to shifts in affective bias. The current study examined behavioral and neural correlates of affective bias in the context of dTMS in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Interfacial charge transfer in g-CN/FeVO/AgBr nanocomposite for efficient photodegradation of tetracycline antibiotic and Victoria blue dye.

The study presents the fabrication and superior photoactivity of a ternary g-CN/FeVO/AgBr heterojunction nanocomposite, synthesized via a chemical precipitation method for effective degradation of tetracycline (TC) and Victoria Blue (VB) dye under light illumination. The morphology and the crystal size of the synthesized nanocomposite were characterized by using FESEM and XRD and the calculated grain size (100.39 nm) is larger than the crystal size (48.

Health-Related Values Discussions with Patients Undergoing Allogeneic and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant: Feasibility and Acceptability of an Early Primary Palliative Care Intervention.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) has curative potential but also relatively high morbidity and mortality. Patients have multidimensional palliative care (PC) needs throughout the transplant process. However, PC is not routinely offered to patients with hematologic malignancies.

A bioinspired fish fin webbing for proprioceptive feedback.

The propulsive fins of ray-finned fish are used for large scale locomotion and fine maneuvering, yet also provide sensory feedback regarding hydrodynamic loading and the surrounding environment. This information is gathered via nerve cells in the webbing between their fin rays. A similar bioinspired system that can gather force feedback from fin motion could enable valuable insight into robotic underwater locomotion improving swimming efficiency and orientation.

Implementation of the RQI System: Baseline Skills and Self-Report Competence and Confidence Data From 12 NLN Inaugural Change Agent Nursing Programs.

Aim: This article describes the implementation, baseline cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills, and competence and confidence in skills of participants in 12 nursing programs piloting the Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) program. Of 1,847 participants, 175 had not previously completed a CPR course.

Method: Schools could choose the sequence for completing baselines skills and required e-learning modules.

A Prospective, Randomized, Noninferiority Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Steerable Ureteroscopic Renal Evacuation Compared with Standard Ureteroscopy: 30-Day Results of the ASPIRE Study.

We report the first multicenter, prospective, randomized noninferiority controlled trial of steerable ureteroscopic renal evacuation (SURE) for nephrolithiasis treatment. Candidates for laser lithotripsy ≥18 years with ≥1 renal stone ≥7 mm and 7-20 mm stone burden were randomized 1:1 SURE ureteroscopy (URS). SURE was performed using the CVAC Aspiration System, a novel steerable irrigation-aspiration catheter.

A general analogy mass-spring system analytical model for sound reduction of side-branch resonators.

This study introduces a general analytical model designed to predict the sound reduction frequency of side-branch resonators, regardless of their geometric shapes. Grounded in a continuous analogy mass-spring system, we conceptualize the air within the branch cavity of the resonator as a series of infinitesimal continuous air layers. Each air layer is represented as a mass-spring unit, influenced by the pressure distribution inside the branch cavity.

Brown adipose tissue enhances exercise performance and healthful longevity.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a major subtypes of adipose tissues, is known for thermogenesis and promoting healthful longevity. Our hypothesis is that BAT protects against impaired healthful longevity, i.e.

Simulating a travel-related origin of in New York-New Jersey.

Unlabelled: first appeared in the United States in 2013 in New York-New Jersey (NY-NJ) and led to an unprecedented outbreak since 2016. We hypothesized ' introduction to NY-NJ was not a random event but related to travel patterns between South Asia and NY-NJ. New York City is a US hub for international passengers, including those from South Asia.

Design of and Early Insights From a Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Patient Engagement Research Council.

Background And Aims: An exploratory focus group study was conducted to better understand the needs of patients living with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).

Methods: US-based adults with gMG and caregivers of patients with gMG participated in a Patient Engagement Research Council between August 2022 and January 2023. The study consisted of a 15-min prework survey, followed by virtual focus groups facilitated using a semi-structured interview guide.

Primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory symptomatic patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the search for strategies to improve outcomes in affected individuals, including those initially managed in outpatient settings. Thromboembolic events have been reported as a concerning complication.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of primary thromboprophylaxis in outpatients with COVID-19.

Landscape and prognostic significance of oncogene drivers in metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer.

Background: Tumor suppressors are well known drivers of cancer invasion and metastasis in metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). However, oncogenes are also known to be altered in this state, however the frequency and prognosis of these alterations are unclear. Thus, we aimed to study the spectrum of oncogene mutations in mCSPC and study the significance of these alteration on outcomes.

Treatment approaches for prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa.

Prostate cancer (CaP) represents a significant cause of cancer-related mortality on a global scale. Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), face a disproportionate burden of this disease. Underlying genetic factors as well as barriers to early diagnosis and treatment lead to overall worse outcomes for CaP patients in SSA compared with the United States (U.

Contemporary surgical management of testicular seminoma.

Testicular cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among young men in the United States. Seminoma comprises a little over half of all testicular germ cell neoplasms. After radial inguinal orchiectomy, management of seminoma is dictated by tumor stage and risk stratification.

Winning hearts & minds: prostate cancer outreach and clinical trial enrollment in minority men.

Minorities participate less than White people in a variety of research settings limiting the generalizability of the research results. The driving forces behind the lower participation rates are multifactorial and vary by race. Further compounding these driving forces are past inequities and violations of trust by the healthcare system.

Independent and Interactive Impacts of Prenatal Exposure to Legal Substances and Childhood Trauma on Emotion Processing in Pre-Adolescents: Preliminary Findings From the ABCD Study.

Objective: This paper investigated the effects of prenatal drug exposure (PDE), childhood trauma (CT), and their interactions on the neurobiological markers for emotion processing.

Method: Here, in a non-clinical sample of pre-adolescents (9-10 years of age) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 6,146), we investigate the impact of PDE to commonly used substances (ie, alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana), CT, and their interaction on emotion processing. From the Emotional N-back functional magnetic resonance imaging task data, we selected 26 regions of interests, previously implicated in emotion processing, and conducted separate linear mixed models (108 total) and accounted for available environmental risk factors.

Defining benefit: Clinically and biologically meaningful outcomes in the next-generation Alzheimer's disease clinical care pathway.

To understand the potential benefits of emerging Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapies within and beyond clinical trial settings, there is a need to advance current outcome measurements into meaningful information relevant to all stakeholders. The relationship between the impact on disease biology and clinically measurable outcomes in cognition, function, and behavior must be considered when defining the meaningful benefit of early AD therapies. In this review, we discuss: (1) the lack of consideration for biomarkers in the current concept of meaningfulness in AD; (2) the lack of gold standards for determining minimal biologically and clinically important differences (MBCIDs) in AD trials; (3) how the treatment benefits of disease-modifying treatments are cumulative and increase over time; and (4) the different concepts of meaningfulness among key stakeholders.