Quantum Turnstiles for Robust Measurement of Full Counting Statistics.

We present a scalable protocol for measuring full counting statistics (FCS) in experiments or tensor-network simulations. In this method, an ancilla in the middle of the system acts as a turnstile, with its phase keeping track of the time-integrated particle flux. Unlike quantum gas microscopy, the turnstile protocol faithfully captures FCS starting from number-indefinite initial states or in the presence of noisy dynamics.

Corner Charge Fluctuation as an Observable for Quantum Geometry and Entanglement in Two-Dimensional Insulators.

Measuring bipartite fluctuations of a conserved charge, such as the particle number, is a powerful approach to understanding quantum systems. When the measured region has sharp corners, the bipartite fluctuation receives an additional contribution known to exhibit a universal angle dependence in 2D isotropic and uniform systems. Here we establish that, for generic lattice systems of interacting particles, the corner charge fluctuation is directly related to quantum geometry.

Antihypertensive Deprescribing and Functional Status in VA Long-Term Care Residents With and Without Dementia.

Background: Deprescribing antihypertensives is of growing interest in geriatric medicine, yet the impact on functional status is unknown. We emulated a target trial of deprescribing antihypertensive medications compared with continued use on functional status measured by activities of daily living (ADL) in a long-term care population.

Methods: We included 12,238 Veteran Affairs long-term care residents age 65+ who had a stay ≥ 12 weeks between 2006 and 2019.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva: A Population-Based Study on Epidemiologic Trends, Cancer-Specific Survival Patterns, and the Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms, 1975 to 2016.

Purpose: To analyze the national epidemiologic trends of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCCC) over 4 decades, providing the largest report on disease-specific survival (DSS) outcomes and investigating the risk of developing second primary neoplasms in these patients.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based cohort study analyzed 1,172 patients diagnosed with SCCC from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 2016. Data were extracted from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Exploring the role of the rock climbing Treadwall as a novel therapy tool in physical rehabilitation.

Background: Rock climbing offers numerous health benefits, but accessibility and safety concerns limit its therapeutic use, especially for individuals with disabilities. No prior studies have explored the potential benefits of integrating the Treadwall, a rotating climbing wall with improved accessibility and safety, into rehabilitation protocols.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of implementing a Treadwall climbing intervention as a novel therapy tool for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Effects of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia: analysis of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale data.

Objective: Patients with schizophrenia value improved life engagement, a term that describes positive health aspects across emotional, physical, social, and cognitive domains. This analysis of clinical trial data aimed to investigate the effect of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia over the short and long term.

Methods: Data were pooled from three 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Sotalol Following Expedited Intravenous Loading in Patients With Atrial Arrhythmias.

Sotalol, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, is used to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (AFIB/AFL). Despite its efficacy, sotalol's use is limited by its potential to cause life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias due to QT interval prolongation. Traditionally, sotalol administration required hospitalization to monitor these risks.

Ultrasound-guided embolization for renal artery pseudoaneurysm in solitary kidney.

Introduction: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare yet serious complication following percutaneous nephrolithotomy, especially in patients with solitary kidneys. Effective management is crucial to prevent further renal damage.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 41-year-old male with a solitary kidney who experienced gross hematuria and renal insufficiency 3 months after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Utility of ChatGPT as a preparation tool for the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination.

Purpose: Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) may have implications as a novel educational resource. There are differences in opinion on the best resource for the Orthopaedic In-Training Exam (OITE) as information changes from year to year. This study assesses ChatGPT's performance on the OITE for use as a potential study resource for residents.

Association of Vestibular Neuritis Following COVID-19 Vaccination.

Among the various side-effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations, vestibular neuritis (VN) has been found to have some interesting association with the vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and VN. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane using MeSH terms for case reports published until July 2023.

Understanding recent advances in non-amyloid/non-tau (NANT) biomarkers and therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.

Unlabelled: The Alzheimer's disease (AD) research community continues to make great strides in expanding approaches for early detection and treatment of the disease, including recent advances in our understanding of fundamental AD pathophysiology beyond the classical targets: beta-amyloid and tau. Recent clinical trial readouts implicate a variety of non-amyloid/non-tau (NANT) approaches that show promise in slowing cognitive decline for people with AD. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) meeting held on December 13-14, 2022, reviewed the current state of NANT targets on underlying AD pathophysiology and their contribution to cognitive decline, the current data on a diverse range of NANT biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and the integration of NANT concepts in clinical trial designs.

Alzheimer's disease drug development in an evolving therapeutic landscape.

Unlabelled: The Alzheimer's disease (AD) research field has entered a new era, where our fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology of AD and advances in biomarkers have not only allowed for earlier, timely, and accurate detection and diagnosis of the disease, but that amyloid removal has been shown to be associated with signals of slowing cognitive and functional decline. Although recent FDA-approved amyloid plaque-lowering monoclonal antibody therapies have shifted the trajectory of AD, additional treatment options will be key to further slowing clinical decline or stopping disease progression. Thus, new and emerging therapies for AD have created an evolving therapeutic landscape.

Application of the revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease: Drug development and clinical practice.

Unlabelled: The newly proposed revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the Alzheimer's Association (AA) Workgroup represent a significant milestone in the field. These criteria offer objective measures for diagnosing and staging biological AD, bridging the gap between research and clinical care. Although implementation feasibility may vary across regions and settings, improving the availability and accuracy of biomarkers, especially plasma biomarkers, is expected to enhance the applicability of these criteria in clinical practice.

Spinal accessory nerve transfer for shoulder abduction has no benefit over supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting in brachial plexus birth injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) has an incidence of 0.9 per 1,000 live births in the population. Techniques for repair classically include supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting (SENG) and more recently nerve transfer, namely of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) to the suprascapular nerve (SSN) to improve functional outcomes such as glenohumeral abduction and external rotation.

Nursing Partnerships Are Crucial for Bridging Education and Public Health.

Public health nurses (PHNs) and school nurses are integral in addressing health disparities, managing chronic illnesses, preventing and controlling communicable diseases, and promoting wellness within communities. Schools serve as pivotal platforms for implementing health initiatives and providing opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion. School nurses identify and address health risks, including chronic conditions, communicable diseases, substance abuse, and mental health concerns, and often act as knowledgeable authorities to access community resources.

Comorbid conditions and survival among Black women with ovarian cancer.

Background: Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have worse survival and a higher burden of comorbid conditions compared with other racial groups. This study examines the association of comorbid conditions and medication use for these conditions with survival among Black women with EOC.

Methods: In a prospective study of 592 Black women with EOC, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) based on self-reported data, three cardiometabolic comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), and medication use for each cardiometabolic comorbidity were evaluated.

Completeness and quality of comprehensive managed care data compared with fee-for-service data in national Medicaid claims from 2001 to 2019.

Objective: To evaluate the completeness and quality of Medicaid comprehensive managed care (CMC) data in national MAX/TAF research files.

Study Setting And Design: This observational study compared CMC with fee-for-service (FFS) enrollee data in 2001-2019 Medicaid MAX/TAF inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy files. Completeness was assessed as the proportion of enrollees with any claim and mean claims per enrollee with any claim.

Complicated Overactive Bladder Management.

These case studies review the treatment of patients with overactive bladder (OAB), a chronic condition presenting with urinary urgency, often occurring with frequency and nocturia, which may or may not be associated with urinary incontinence. Patients with OAB can have multiple clinical factors to consider when selecting the optimal therapy, and this treatment series provides examples of approaches to balance treatment selection with other comorbidities and patient expectations.

A stromal inflammasome Ras safeguard against Myc-driven lymphomagenesis.

The inflammasome plays multifaceted roles in cancer, but less is known about its function during premalignancy upon initial cell transformation. We report a homeostatic function of the inflammasome in suppressing malignant transformation through Ras inhibition. We identified increased hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation within the bone marrow of inflammasome-deficient mice.

Incidental iron oxide nanoclusters drive confined Fenton-like detoxification of solid wastes towards sustainable resource recovery.

The unique properties of nanomaterials offer vast opportunities to advance sustainable processes. Incidental nanoparticles (INPs) represent a significant part of nanomaterials, yet their potential for sustainable applications remains largely untapped. Herein, we developed a simple strategy to harness INPs to upgrade the waste-to-resource paradigm, significantly reducing the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.