Disparities in Operative Fixation for Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: An Analysis of Insurance Status.

Background: Acromioclavicular (AC) joint injury management has historically been guided by the severity and grade of the injury. However, recent debates have emerged regarding the role of surgical intervention for these injuries. Insurance-based disparities in surgical treatment have been well-documented across various orthopedic conditions.

Quality-adjusted time without symptoms or toxicity analysis of trastuzumab deruxtecan versus trastuzumab emtansine in HER2- positive metastatic breast cancer patients based on secondary use of the DESTINY-Breast03 trial.

Objective: DESTINY-Breast03, a randomised, phase 3 trial, evaluated trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) versus trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive unresectable and/or metastatic breast cancer who progressed on or after treatment with trastuzumab and a taxane. At the current data cut off overall survival analysis, T-DXd demonstrated a substantial improvement in overall survival over T-DM1. This secondary analysis use of DESTINY-Breast03 aimed to further evaluate the treatment differences using quality-adjusted survival time without symptoms or toxicity (Q-TWiST) methods.

Inhaled ozone induces distinct alterations in pulmonary function in models of acute and episodic exposure in female mice.

Ozone is an urban air pollutant, known to cause lung injury and altered function. Using established models of acute (0.8 ppm, 3 h) and episodic (1.

EOSnet: Embedded Overlap Structures for Graph Neural Networks in Predicting Material Properties.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for predicting material properties, yet they often struggle to capture many-body interactions and require extensive manual feature engineering. Here, we present EOSnet (Embedded Overlap Structures for Graph Neural Networks), a novel approach that addresses these limitations by incorporating Gaussian Overlap Matrix (GOM) fingerprints as node features within the GNN architecture. Unlike models that rely on explicit angular terms or human-engineered features, EOSnet efficiently encodes many-body interactions through orbital overlap matrices, providing a rotationally invariant and transferable representation of atomic environments.

Effects of maze appearance on maze solving.

As mazes are typically complex, cluttered stimuli, solving them is likely limited by visual crowding. Thus, several aspects of the appearance of the maze - the thickness, spacing, and curvature of the paths, as well as the texture of both paths and walls - likely influence the performance. In the current study, we investigate the effects of perceptual aspects of maze design on maze-solving performance to understand the role of crowding and visual complexity.

Understanding Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions in (Trans)Dermal Delivery.

Continuously explored in pharmaceuticals, microemulsions and nanoemulsions offer drug delivery opportunities that are too significant to ignore, namely safe delivery of clinically relevant drug doses across biological membranes. Their effectiveness as drug vehicles in mucosal and (trans)dermal delivery is evident from the volume of published literature. Commonly, their ability to enhance skin permeation is attributed to dispersion size, a characteristic closely related to solubilization capacity.

Micro-nanoscale polystyrene co-exposure impacts the uptake and translocation of arsenic and boscalid by lettuce (Lactuca sativa).

The influence of micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) on the fate and effects of other pollutants present in the environment is largely unknown. This study evaluated if the root exposure to MNPs (polystyrene, PS; 20 or 1000 nm) had an impact on the accumulation of arsenic and boscalid (As and Bos) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Under hydroponic conditions, plants were co-exposed to MNPs at 10 or 50 mg/L, and to 1 mg/L of each environmental pollutant (EP).

Sociodemographic differences in modes of cannabis use among pregnant individuals in Northern California.

Background: The potential risks of prenatal cannabis use may vary depending on how cannabis is administered, but little is known about modes of prenatal cannabis use. This study characterized prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of modes of prenatal cannabis use in California.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients with pregnancies between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2022 in a large healthcare system (3507 pregnancies [3454 individuals]) who self-reported prenatal cannabis use and mode of use (smoke, vape, edibles, dabs, and topicals) during universal screening at entrance to prenatal care.

Early bedtime routines and behavioral outcomes among children from low-income families: Mediating role of emotion regulation.

The establishment of early bedtime routine is essential for children's emotion and behavioral outcomes. Less is known, however, about the longitudinal effects and mechanisms predicting behavioral outcomes through early bedtime routine and emotion regulation in school-age children from low-income families. Thus, the present study examined emotion regulation at age three as a potential mediator in the longitudinal links between early bedtime routine and behavioral outcomes among racially diverse school age children from low-income families.

Genetic advances and translational phenotypes in rodent models for Tourette disorder.

Tourette disorder (TD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting approximately 0.3%-1% of children and adolescents. It is defined by motor and vocal tics but encompasses wide ranging phenotypes due to its complex genetic origins, involving hundreds of risk genes across various signaling pathways.

Activity of Platinum Chemotherapy in Men With Prostate Cancer With and Without DNA Damage Repair Mutations.

Introduction: Alterations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes occur in 20%-30% of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) which may increase sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy. Specifically, exceptional responses to platinum chemotherapy have been reported among patients with BRCA mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy in patients with mCRPC with and without HRR.

Patient-reported outcome trajectories the first 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study.

Objective: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) shows varying levels of improvement after surgical treatment. While some patients improve soon after surgery, others may take months to years to show any signs of improvement. The goal of this study was to evaluate postoperative improvement, patient-reported outcomes, and patient satisfaction up to 2 years after surgical treatment for CSM, which will help optimize the current treatment strategies and effectively manage patient expectations.

Epcoritamab plus GemOx in transplant-ineligible relapsed/refractory DLBCL: results from the EPCORE NHL-2 trial.

Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have poor outcomes. Gemcitabine + oxaliplatin (GemOx) with rituximab, a standard salvage therapy, yields complete response (CR) rates of approximately 30% and median overall survival (OS) of 10-13 months. Patients with refractory disease fare worse, with a CR rate of 7% for subsequent therapies and median OS of 6 months.

FRESH extrusion 3D printing of type-1 collagen hydrogels photocrosslinked using ruthenium.

The extrusion bioprinting of collagen material has many applications relevant to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) technology is capable of 3D printing collagen material with the specifications and details needed for precise tissue guidance, a crucial requirement for effective tissue repair. While FRESH has shown repeated success and reliability for extrusion printing, the mechanical properties of completed collagen prints can be improved further by post-print crosslinking methodologies.

Capturing the Elusive Curve-Crossing in Low-Lying States of Butadiene with Dressed TDDFT.

A striking example of the need to accurately capture states of double-excitation character in molecules is seen in predicting photoinduced dynamics in small polyenes. Due to the coupling of electronic and nuclear motions, the dark 2Ag state, known to have double-excitation character, can be reached after an initial photoexcitation to the bright 1Bu state via crossings of their potential energy surfaces. However, the shapes of the surfaces are so poorly captured by most electronic structure methods, that the crossing is missed or substantially mis-located.

Non-Genetic Biomarkers in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Prognostic Implications and Predictive Utility for Response to Anti-PD-(L)1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a skin cancer that arises due to either Merkel cell polyomavirus infection (MCPyV) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, presenting primarily in the head and neck region of fair-skinned males. The recent success of PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in locally advanced/metastatic MCC, with an objective response rate (ORR) around 50% and improved survival, as a first-line treatment has moved ICIs to the forefront of therapy for MCC and generated interest in identifying biomarkers to predict clinical response. The MCC tumour microenvironment (TME) contains various components of the adaptive and innate immune system.

Physical function and perceived pain following inpatient intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment for children and adolescents.

Background: Chronic pain among children and adolescents negatively impacts overall functioning and quality of life. Although Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment (IIPT) programs aim to reduce functional impairment and perceived pain, overall evidence is limited and restricted by small sample sizes and limited diversity in pain diagnoses.

Objective: To determine whether children and adolescents with chronic pain participating in an inpatient IIPT program experience improvements in their physical function and perceived pain.

Financial Barriers to Expanded Birth Center Access in New Jersey: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis.

Introduction: Birth centers are an underused care setting with potential to improve birth experience and satisfaction. Both hospital-based and freestanding birth centers operate with the midwifery model of care that focuses on safe, low-intervention physiologic birth experiences for healthy, low-risk pregnant people. However, financial barriers limit freestanding birth center sustainability and accessibility in New Jersey, especially for traditionally marginalized populations.

Gender-Inclusive Language in Public-Facing Labor and Delivery Web Pages in the New York Tristate Area: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) individuals are increasingly intentionally becoming pregnant to raise children, and hospital websites should reflect these trends. For prospective TGNB parents, a hospital website is the only way they can assess their safety from discrimination while receiving perinatal care. Cisnormativity enforced by communication gaps between medical institutions and TGNB patients can and has caused delays in receiving urgent care during their pregnancy.

Potential Adaptive Introgression From Dogs in Iberian Grey Wolves (Canis lupus).

Invading species along with increased anthropogenization may lead to hybridization events between wild species and closely related domesticates. As a consequence, wild species may carry introgressed alleles from domestic species, which is generally assumed to yield adverse effects in wild populations. The opposite evolutionary consequence, adaptive introgression, where introgressed genes are positively selected in the wild species, is possible but has rarely been documented.

The Assessment of TikTok as a Source of Quality Health Information on Human Papillomavirus: A Content Analysis.

Background Various studies have evaluated the quality of health-related information on TikTok (ByteDance Ltd., Beijing, China), including topics such as COVID-19, diabetes, varicoceles, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, and others. However, there is a paucity of data on studies that examined TikTok as a source of quality health information on human papillomavirus (HPV).

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Bleeding Risk in the Geriatric Population.

Introduction: The demographics of the United States (US) are evolving as time progresses. The geriatric population is growing, with many elderly people dealing with mental health issues. Major depressive episodes affect 1 to 5 percent of those aged 65 years or older, which emphasizes the importance of addressing mental health concerns in this populace.