DEXTENZA versus Topical Steroid or Antihistamine Therapy for Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes and patient preference for the dexamethasone intracanalicular insert (DEX) versus topical loteprednol (LOT) or olopatadine (OLO) for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis in a real-world model of allergen exposure.

Methods: This was a prospective comparative trial. Adults with testing-confirmed bilateral allergic conjunctivitis received DEX in the more symptomatic eye and either LOT 2 times daily or OLO once daily for 30 days in the fellow eye.

Selumetinib in the Treatment of Orbital Plexiform Neurofibroma: A Case Report.

A 4-year-old boy with a known diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and a diffusely infiltrative plexiform neurofibroma (PN) of the left orbit was started on selumetinib treatment for progressively worsening amblyopia. The patient first presented with new-onset left ptosis at 11 months old. He subsequently developed refractory anisometropic amblyopia of the left eye, in addition to clinically significant left proptosis and hypoglobus that interfered with glasses wear for his amblyopia treatment.

Visual recovery after unilateral optic nerve sheath fenestration for pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) on the rate of visual function improvement in patients with pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS).

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients with PTCS who underwent ONSF between 1998 and 2017. Visual function was evaluated by evaluating visual field (VF), mean deviation (MD), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, papilledema grade, and visual acuity (VA) prior to and after ONSF.

Clinically Relevant Immune-Cellular Metrics of Inflammation in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Purpose: To determine the reliability and clinical relevance of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM)-based immune-cellular metrics of palpebral conjunctival inflammation in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: Sixteen MGD patients and 13 reference controls included in this cross-sectional, retrospective study, had an ocular surface exam, symptom assessment (Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire [OSDI]), and palpebral conjunctival IVCM imaging. Bland-Altman analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICCa), Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (ρc), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and correlations were performed.

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Shows Alterations in Nerve Density and Dendritiform Cell Density in Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

Purpose: To evaluate corneal nerve and immune cell alterations in Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) by laser in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) as correlated to corneal sensation and endothelial cell loss.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, controlled study.

Methods: Thirty-three eyes with FECD were compared to 13 eyes with PBK and 17 normal age-matched control eyes at a tertiary referral center.

Efficacy of self-retained cryopreserved amniotic membrane for treatment of neuropathic corneal pain.

Purpose: Treatment of neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) remains intricate, and involves a long-term combined multistep approach. The self-retained cryopreserved amniotic membrane (PROKERA, Bio-Tissue, Miami,FL) has been utilized for multiple ocular surface disorders. We evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ProKera Slim [PKS] and ProKera Clear [PKC] in the treatment of NCP.

TFOS DEWS II pain and sensation report.

Pain associated with mechanical, chemical, and thermal heat stimulation of the ocular surface is mediated by trigeminal ganglion neurons, while cold thermoreceptors detect wetness and reflexly maintain basal tear production and blinking rate. These neurons project into two regions of the trigeminal brain stem nuclear complex: ViVc, activated by changes in the moisture of the ocular surface and VcC1, mediating sensory-discriminative aspects of ocular pain and reflex blinking. ViVc ocular neurons project to brain regions that control lacrimation and spontaneous blinking and to the sensory thalamus.

Visualizing the Choriocapillaris Under Drusen: Comparing 1050-nm Swept-Source Versus 840-nm Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To investigate the appearance of choriocapillaris (CC) flow under drusen by comparing long-wavelength (1050 nm) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) angiography with shorter-wavelength (840 nm) spectral-domain (SD) OCT angiography.

Methods: Patients with drusen imaged on both devices on the same day were selected and graded. Ambiguous OCT angiography (OCTA) signal loss was defined as low OCTA signal on the en face OCTA CC image that also had low OCT signal in the corresponding area on the en face OCT CC image and OCT B-scans.

Acquired Corneal Neuropathy and Photoallodynia Associated With Malposition of an Ex-PRESS Shunt.

Purpose: Corneal neuropathy is a recently described disease process that is not well understood and is likely underdiagnosed as a result. This is the first reported case of an acquired corneal neuropathy associated with malposition of an Ex-PRESS shunt.

Methods: A single case report.

Validity and Reliability of a Novel Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS) in Quantifying and Monitoring Corneal and Ocular Surface Pain.

Purpose: To validate the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS), specifically designed to measure ocular pain and quality of life for use by eye care practitioners and researchers.

Design: A single-center cohort study was conducted among patients with and without corneal and ocular surface pain at initial and follow-up visits over a 6-month period. The content of the OPAS was guided by literature review, a body of experts, and incorporating conceptual frameworks from existing pain questionnaires.

E-Selectin Mediates Immune Cell Trafficking in Corneal Transplantation.

Background: Immune rejection continues to threaten all tissue transplants. Here we sought to determine whether platelet (P)- and endothelial (E)-selectin mediate T cell recruitment in corneal transplantation and whether their blockade can reduce T cell graft infiltration and improve long-term corneal allograft survival.

Methods: In a murine model of allogeneic corneal transplantation, we used PCR and immunohistochemistry to investigate expression of P- and E-selectin in rejected versus accepted allografts and lymph node flow cytometry to assess expression of selectin ligands by effector T cells.

Exophiala phaeomuriformis Fungal Keratitis: Case Report and In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Findings.

Purpose: Corneal infections, particularly fungal keratitis due to rare fungal species, pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because of difficulty in identification and varying susceptibility profiles. In this study, we report the first case of fungal keratitis because of Exophiala phaeomuriformis.

Methods: We report the clinical findings and microbial identification techniques of a case of fungal keratitis due to E.