Blackcurrant ( L.) Seeds-A Valuable Byproduct for Further Processing.

The rational exploitation of byproducts is important from the point of view of their potential applicability in various fields. In this study, the possibility of further processing of blackcurrant seeds (BCs), which are a byproduct of fruit processing, was investigated. BCs were used as a material for the extraction of oil on a semi-industrial scale, and the residues were assessed in terms of their potential application in skin care products.

Suspension Fertilizers Based on Waste Phosphates from the Production of Polyols.

Phosphorus raw materials are non-renewable, and their resources are shrinking faster and faster as a result of increased fertilizer production. This is due to the increasing population and the need to produce more food. Phosphorus, on the other hand, is one of the main nutrients of plants, without which it is impossible to conduct intensive agricultural production.

Solid Features Modification by the Reactor Selection and US Support during Reactive Crystallization.

The use of materials requires adjusting their features to current applications/needs. In crystallization, the production methods leading directly to the product with pre-determined characteristics are being sought. The research focuses on the abilities of "shaping" the solid product (CSD, shape, form, etc.

The Possibility of Using Waste Phosphates from the Production of Polyols for Fertilizing Purposes.

The limited resources of phosphorus raw materials, which are located outside of Europe, make it necessary to obtain phosphorus from the waste stream. This is reflected in the new EU Regulation 2019/1009, which concerns making fertilizing products available on the market. Its main goal is to harmonize the standards for fertilizers obtained from organic or secondary raw materials in the EU and to create new opportunities for their production and sale.

Cadmium-resistant Chryseobacterium sp. DEMBc1 strain: characteristics and potential to assist phytoremediation and promote plant growth.

The effectiveness of phytoremediation is closely related to the various interactions between pollutants, soil particles, rhizosphere microorganisms, and plants. Therefore, the object of current study was a cadmium-tolerant bacterium isolated from the rye rhizosphere, with a high degree of genetic similarity to the genus Chryseobacterium. Chryseobacterium sp.

Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity of the Ethanolic Extract from the Aerial Part of Regel & Semen Growing Wildly in Southern Kazakhstan.

The composition of the ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of Regel & Semen from southern Kazakhstan spontaneous flora was analyzed together with the determination of its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer activity. The phytochemical profile analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) revealed the presence of multiple kaempferol derivatives. High-performance reverse-phase liquid chromatography combined with a photodiode-array detection (RP-HPLC/PDA) found that kaempferol 3--dihexoside and kaempferol 3--acyltetrahexoside accounted for 70.

Pilot-Scale Optimization of Supercritical CO Extraction of Dry Paprika : Influence of Operational Conditions and Storage on Extract Composition.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was used to extract carotenoids from dry paprika . Studies regarding the effect of process parameters, including pressure (25-45 MPa), temperature (40-60 °C), and time (10-110 min), were carried out using response surface methodology. It was found that under optimal conditions (pressure of 45 MPa, temperature of 50 °C, and time of 74 min), the extract yield was 10.

: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth.

Rhizosphere filamentous fungi of the genus , a dominant component of various soil ecosystem mycobiomes, are characterized by the ability to colonize plant roots. Detailed knowledge of the properties of , including metabolic activity and the type of interaction with plants and other microorganisms, can ensure its effective use in agriculture. The growing interest in the application of results from their direct and indirect biocontrol potential against a wide range of soil phytopathogens.

Solvent-Impregnated Sorbents for Tantalum from Niobium Separation Using a Fixed-Bed Column.

Reactor-grade niobium steel is used as a construction material for nuclear reactors. In this case, the presence of tantalum, which is characterized by a 20 times higher active cross section for capturing thermal neutrons than the cross section of niobium (Ta: 21.3 barn), cannot exceed 100 ppm.

Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the Optimization of Chromium(III) Synergistic Extraction by Supported Liquid Membrane.

In this paper, the response surface methodology (RSM) was proposed for studying the synergistic extraction of chromium(III) ions by double-carrier supported liquid membrane (DCSLM) with organophosphorus carriers (D2EHPA/Cyanex272). At first, the optimization method of "one-factor-at-a-time" was adopted for determination of the best conditions for Cr(III) extraction by SLM with only one carrier (D2EHPA). The optimum/threshold D2EHPA concentration in the membrane phase increased linearly with initial concentration of Cr(III) ions in the feed phase.

Superabsorbents and Their Application for Heavy Metal Ion Removal in the Presence of EDDS.

Three acrylic-based superabsorbents-TerraHydrogelAqua (THA), ZebaHydrogel (ZH) and AgroHydrogel (AH) were used to investigate the influence of chemical conditions on kinetic and adsorption behavior towards metal ions in the presence of a chelating agent of a new generation called ethylenediamine-,'-disuccinic acid (EDDS). The effects of relevant parameters-mainly including those of sorbent dose, pH of the solution and initial concentration of Cu(II), Zn(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III) complexes with EDDS as well as phase contact time and temperature-on the adsorption efficiency were studied in detail by the static method. The experimental data were also characterized by kinetic and adsorption parameters obtained based on the Langmuir and Freundlich models of sorption as well as the Lagergren, Ho and McKay and Weber-Morris models.

Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO.

The common applications of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in many industries mean that the topic of recycling and disposal of post-consumer waste is still very important. One of the methods of reducing the negative impact of PVC waste on the natural environment is to use technological or post-consumer waste of this polymer to produce new composite materials with favorable utility properties, with the addition of natural fillers, among which agro-waste, including hop residue, is deserving of special attention. In this study, the effect of the addition of residual hops (H) on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) was investigated.

Brief characteristics of oxidative stability, fatty acids and metal content in selected berry seed extracts obtained by the SFE technique and used as potential source of nutrients.

Berry seeds are rich source of high quality oil containing valuable compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and therefore, have been gaining increasing significance as potential source of nutrients for food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of seeds was performed, for which oxidative stability analyzes and determinations of fatty acids, selected microelements and toxic metals were carried out. An attempt was made to evaluate unclassified scCO oil extracts from berry seeds, taking into account the lack of legislative documents specifying the required contents of metals and biologically active ingredients.

Bioactive Compounds of Raspberry Oil Emulsions Induced Oxidative Stress via Stimulating the Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and NO in Cancer Cells.

There are growing interests in the complex combinations of natural compounds that may advance the therapy of cancer. Such combinations already exist in foods, and a good representative is seed oils. Two raspberry oils: cold pressed (ROCOP) and one extracted by supercritical CO (ROSCO2) were evaluated for their chemical characteristics and oil emulsions for cell suppression potential against colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo), doxorubicin-resistant colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo/DX), breast cancer (MCF7), doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer (MCF7/DX), and lung cancer (A549) cell lines.

Comparative Studies of Selected Criteria Enabling Optimization of the Extraction of Polar Biologically Active Compounds from Alfalfa with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.

The aim of this research was to provide crucial and useful data about the selection of the optimization criteria of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of alfalfa at a quarter-technical plant. The correlation between more general output, including total phenolics and flavonoids content, and a more specified composition of polar constituents was extensively studied. In all alfalfa extracts, polar bioactive constituents were analyzed by both spectrometric (general output) and chromatographic (detailed output) analyses.

Heterostructural Mixed Oxides Prepared via ZnAlLa LDH or ex-ZnAl LDH Precursors-Effect of La Content and Its Incorporation Route.

The effect of La content and its incorporation route on physicochemical properties of ZnO/Zn(Al,La)O or LaO-ZnO/ZnAlO mixed oxides with a spinel structure obtained from ZnAlLa Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) or ex-ZnAl LDH materials was investigated. The heterostructural nanocomposites with the similar Zn/Al molar ratio and varied La content were prepared by two techniques: via co-precipitation and thermal treatment of ZnAlLa LDHs at 500 °C or via incipient wetness impregnation of ex-ZnAl LDHs with aqueous solutions of lanthanum nitrate and subsequent thermal treatment. The obtained series of materials were characterized by the following techniques: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), N adsorption (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis with evolved gas analysis (TG/DTG/EGA), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FFT).

Bioactive Compounds Obtained from Polish "Marynka" Hop Variety Using Efficient Two-Step Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Comparison of Their Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Proliferative Activities In Vitro.

Given the health-beneficial properties of compounds from hop, there is still a growing trend towards developing successful extraction methods with the highest yield and also receiving the products with high added value. The aim of this study was to develop efficient extraction method for isolation of bioactive compounds from the Polish "Marynka" hop variety. The modified two-step supercritical fluid extraction allowed to obtain two hop samples, namely crude extract (E1), composed of α-acids, β-acids, and terpene derivatives, as well as pure xanthohumol with higher yield than that of other available methods.

Old Plant, New Possibilities: Wild Bilberry ( L., Ericaceae) in Topical Skin Preparation.

Bilberry represents a valuable source of antioxidant substances responsible for its application for the treatment of different conditions (such as inflammation, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and different age-related diseases) associated with increased oxidative stress. As oxidative stress might cause skin impairments, we aim to evaluate a topical preparation containing bilberry leaves extract and bilberry seeds oil, obtained as a byproduct of the food industry. To obtain the extracts, the conventional maceration technique for leaves, and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction for seeds were employed.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation and HPLC-PDA and HS-SPME/GC-MS Metabolomic Profiling of Fruits.

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Effect of Electron-Beam Radiation and Other Sterilization Techniques on Structural, Mechanical and Microbiological Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Blend.

This work investigates the potential application of various sterilization methods for microorganism inactivation on the thermoplastic starch blend surface. The influence of the e-beam and UV radiation, ethanol, isopropanol and microwave autoclave on structural and packaging properties were studied. All the applied methods were successful in the inactivation of yeast and molds, however only the e-beam radiation was able to remove the bacterial microflora.

Chemistry, oxidative stability and bioactivity of oil extracted from Rosa rugosa (Thunb.) seeds by supercritical carbon dioxide.

Rosa rugosa Thunb. seed oil (RR) extracted by supercritical CO was investigated. RR chemical composition, radical scavenging effect and oxidative stability were evaluated.

Preparation and evaluation of active Cu-Zn-Al mixed oxides to CS removal for CO ultra-purification.

A simple synthesis route for the formation of Cu-Zn-Al-oxide with high surface area and porosity has been presented, tuned, and evaluated for CS removal from CO stream. Saturation of aqueous suspension of raw Cu, Zn, Al oxides with a stream of CO at mild conditions and subsequent thermal treatment was used for preparation of a series of materials with the same (Cu + Zn/Al) molar ratio but differentiated carbonate content. They were characterized by techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal gravimetry with evolved gas analysis (DTG/EGA), N sorption, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy SEM-EDS and were subjected to tests for CS sorption from the CO stream at 90 °C.

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors among Terpenes-Extraction Conditions and Thin Layer Chromatography-Based Bioautography Studies.

Although numerous studies have been conducted on ginger extracts and fractions, the data on the pharmacological activity of single constituents of are still insufficient. To assess the antidementia properties of the plant, a thin layer chromatography (TLC)-based bioautography acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay was performed on the diethyl ether extract. It led to the recognition of three active inhibitors among volatile constituents of the plant: -curcumene (A), -sesquiphellandrene (B) and zingiberene (C).