Investigation of Gray Matter Changes Using Voxel-Based Morphometry in HIV-Negative Patients with General Paresis of the Insane.

Purpose: To investigate whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV) changes in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-negative patients with general paresis of the insane (GPI) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).

Patients And Methods: A total of 18 HIV-negative individuals with GPI and 24 healthy control volunteers matched for sex, age, and education were enrolled in this study. 3 D T1-weighted imaging (3D T1WI) structural images of GPI patients and healthy controls were preprocessed using VBM.

Uncommon Neurosyphilis: Subacute Meningomyelitis with Distinctive "Candle Guttering Appearance".

In this article, we presented an exceedingly rare clinical case of neurosyphilis, radiological revealed a distinctive "candle guttering appearance." Posttreatment for syphilis, both clinical symptoms and radiological markers showed complete resolution.

Neutrophil-related indicators as potential peripheral blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Neurosyphilis (NS) is the most serious complication elicited by the invasion of Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) into the central nervous system. Identifying the neuro-invasion of T.

DOXY do, or DOXY Don't? Syphilis and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis: A case report.

The resurgence of syphilis across Europe has led to a growing number of atypical cases, often characterised by varied symptoms that can delay diagnosis. We report the case of a young man who has sex with men (MSM), presenting with persistent headaches and swelling of the forehead suggestive of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Despite a recent negative syphilis test, further investigations confirmed the diagnosis of neurosyphilis.

Case report: Cerebral syphilitic gumma: a case retrospective report of eight cases.

Background: Cerebral syphilitic gumma (CSG), a rare manifestation of neurosyphilis, presents characteristics akin to intracranial tumors, often leading to clinical misdiagnosis.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize the clinical experience in diagnosing and treating CSG.

Materials And Methods: The present study conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data, encompassing the baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of eight patients with CSG who were treated and diagnosed by our institution.

Ocular findings in neurosyphilis: a retrospective study from 2012 to 2022.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate ocular manifestations in patients with neurosyphilis and their association with general indexes.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted among patients who were hospitalized for neurosyphilis from 2012 to 2022. Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, brain MRI, and ocular examinations were reviewed and analyzed.

Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Sequencing for Neurosyphilis with Cognitive Impairment.

Neurosyphilis (NS) is an infectious disease caused by invading the central nervous system. It can manifest at any stage of syphilis, and is often misdiagnosed due to its atypical and progressive symptoms. The increasing incidence of NS underscores the necessity for early and accurate diagnosis.

T. pallidum achieves immune evasion by blocking autophagic flux in microglia through hexokinase 2.

Increasing evidence suggests that immune cell clearance is closely linked to cellular metabolism. Neurosyphilis, a severe neurological disorder caused by Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection, significantly impacts the brain.

[Robert Schumann and Neurosyphilis].

Robert Schumann (1810-1856), one of the greatest music composers of the Romantic era, was suspected to have had syphilis. Syphilis was a stigmatized disease during the time, and Schumann's followers tended to deny the infection itself or to destroy evidence of possible infection; therefore, no solid evidence is available in this regard. However, based on records (obtained 130 years after his death), which describe his stay in a psychiatric hospital, it is concluded that Schumann was certainly diagnosed with syphilis.

[Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Monitoring Approach in Suspected Neurosyphilis: Proposal for a Clinical Guideline].

This clinical guideline was designed to serve as a hospital guide in the diagnostic, therapeutic, and monitoring approach to neurosyphilis, considering whether there is positivity or not for the human immunodeficiency virus. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted notifiable disease, known as the great imitator. In around 30% of cases of untreated disease, there is a persistent central nervous system infection.

Serum homocysteine levels as a predictor of neurosyphilis among HIV-negative syphilis patients: A single-center retrospective study.

This study investigates the differences in peripheral blood parameters between patients with non-neurosyphilis and neurosyphilis, aiming to identify potential serum biomarkers to predict the occurrence of neurosyphilis and avoid unnecessary lumbar punctures. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 HIV-negative syphilis patients in this study. We found that the serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels in the non-neurosyphilis group, asymptomatic neurosyphilis group, and symptomatic neurosyphilis group were 12.

Ocular Syphilis With Unilateral Optic Papillitis and Outer Retinopathy Complicated by Diabetic Retinopathy.

Syphilis has been increasing in adult infections in recent years, and ocular syphilis includes not only uveitis but also a variety of optic nerve and retinal lesions. We report a case of syphilis that caused unilateral optic papillitis and outer retinopathy complicated by diabetic retinopathy and improved with antibiotic treatment. The patient was a 61-year-old woman.

Markedly Elevated IgG Index: A Key to Differentiating Neurosyphilis from Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis.

We herein report a 48-year-old man with neurosyphilis manifesting as limbic encephalitis, initially suspected to be autoimmune limbic encephalitis. The patient exhibited rapid behavioral changes, and magnetic resonance imaging showed high-intensity lesions in both medial temporal lobes. The diagnosis was based on symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, and positive serum tests for syphilis.

Neurosyphilis-Induced Psychosis in Europe: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

The tertiary stage of syphilis appears to be the most diverse of the three recognized, with a number of cardiovascular, gummatous, neurological and psychiatric symptoms. This systematic review's aim is to analyze cases of organic psychoses secondary to tertiary syphilis, inspect the diagnostic procedures and assess the effectiveness of treatment. Case studies from Pubmed and MEDLINE Ultimate were sought out with the Boolean expression '((neurosyphilis) OR (syphilis) OR ()) AND (case report) AND ((psychosis) OR (psychotic))' to later undergo screening for exclusion criteria (according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines).

A Rare Case of Rash, Blurry Vision, and Papilledema Caused by Isolated Ocular Syphilis.

Papilledema is a high-risk cause of vision changes in the Emergency Department (ED) and a critical physical examination finding because of its close association with etiologies that may progress to vision loss or death. Syphilis is a rare infectious cause of papilledema, with scarce case reports published showing its ability to develop such sequela. We present a case of a 35-year-old male with a past medical history of newly diagnosed HIV who originally presented to the ED with a rash and rapidly worsening visional changes.

[Rapidly progressive dementia by late neurosyphilis (general paresis). Case report].

Background: The term rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) describes a disorder with rapid progression which leads to a major cognitive decline in less than 1 or 2 years. Neurosyphilis is an infectious cause of RPD and it is classified clinically into early and late forms. The latter affect the brain and spinal cord parenchyma.

Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Neurosyphilis in Rhode Island.

The incidence of syphilis has been steadily rising throughout the United States over the past decade, including Rhode Island. Neurosyphilis is a manifestation of syphilis involving the central nervous system and can present with a multitude of symptoms. We evaluated all cases of syphilis at a single healthcare system in Rhode Island over a 10.

A Study on the Inflammatory Response of the Brain in Neurosyphilis.

Neurosyphilis (NS) is a clinical condition caused by infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by Treponema pallidum (Tp) that can lead to asymptomatic meningitis and more serious neurological diseases, such as dementia and blindness. However, current studies on the pathogenesis of NS are limited. Here, through the integration analysis of proteomics and single-cell transcriptomics, Toll-like/NF-κB signaling is identified as the key pathway involved in CNS damage caused by Tp.

Judicious Use of Benzathine Penicillin G in Response to a Medication Alert During a Critical Drug Shortage.

Purpose: To evaluate judicious antibiotic prescribing of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) after implementation of an electronic health record-based medication shortage alert during a critical drug shortage.

Methods: This was an institutional review board-approved retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥3 months who received BPG between May 9, 2023, and February 28, 2024. The study included inpatient and outpatient visits after implementing a BPG medication shortage alert; patients with severe penicillin allergy, neurosyphilis, or congenital syphilis were excluded.

Parkinsonism plus syndrome in neurosyphilis: Clinical insights and brain imaging.

Background: While Parkinsonism plus syndrome (PPS) is one of several atypical manifestations in neurosyphilis patients, its clinical features and brain-related manifestations are inadequately documented. In this cross-sectional study, we endeavored to indicate some key clinical and imaging features of neurosyphilis patients, particularly those specific to PPS.

Methods: We retrospectively included all syphilis patients enrolled in the study from January 2021 to February 2024.

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Patients with Neurosyphilis in Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study of 12 Patients.

Purpose: Syphilis, caused by , presents a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse clinical manifestations. Neurosyphilis has seen a resurgence in recent years, particularly among men who have sex with men and those living with HIV. Diagnosis of neurosyphilis in emergency settings is challenging due to its varied neurological presentations.