The Treatment Outcomes of Radiotherapy and Surgical Treatment for Patients with Cavernous Sinus Hemangioma: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Cavernous sinus hemangiomas (CSHs) are infrequent benign neoplasms. This meta-analysis was conducted with the objective of examining the prognostic outcomes of surgical interventions and radiotherapy (RT) in patients diagnosed with CSHs.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, with traceability up to June 22, 2021.

Signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 (STAP1) in microglia promotes the malignant progression of glioma.

Background: Glioma is the most malignant primary brain tumor with a poor survival time. The tumour microenvironment, especially glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), plays an important role in the pathogenesis of glioma. Currently, microglia (CD11b/CD45) and macrophages (CD11b/CD45) are distinguished as distinct cell types due to their different origins.

Staged or simultaneous operations for ventriculoperitoneal shunt and cranioplasty: Evidence from a meta-analysis.

Objective: To date, there is no consensus on the surgery strategies of cranioplasty (CP) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the safety of staged and simultaneous operation in patients with comorbid cranial defects with hydrocephalus to inform future surgery protocols.

Methods: A meta-analysis of PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from the inception dates to February 8, 2023 adherent to PRISMA guidelines was conducted.

Surgical strategy of pituitary and cavernous sinus exploration in MRI-Negative Cushing's disease after unsuccessful surgery.

MRI-Negative Cushing's disease continues to be a challenging disease despite better imaging and techniques. The situation can be more complicated in the setting of prior surgery or failed surgery. Often, a narrow surgical corridor is encountered with robust cavernous or intercavernous sinuses.

How we do it? Performing a protective superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass with endoscopic transnasal cavernous sinus lesion operation.

Background: To describe the concept of a protective superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass performed prior to endoscopic transnasal cavernous sinus (CS) lesion resection in order to reduce the risk of perioperative cerebral ischemia due to internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm, occlusion, and even injury.

Method: We illustrated the procedure of a 14-year-old female accepting a protective STA-MCA bypass with endoscopic transnasal CS lesion resection.

Conclusion: A protective bypass may be a prophylactic strategy in selected endoscopic transnasal CS surgery cases, particularly where the diagnosis is uncertain, or the risk of ICA injury or occlusion is high.

Angioarchitectural features of arteriovenous fistulas at craniocervical junction predicting clinical presentation and unfavorable neurological function: insight from a multicenter cohort and pooled analysis.

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) at the craniocervical junction (CCJ) are uncommon conditions with complex angioarchitecture. The objective of this study was to identify the angioarchitectural features of CCJ-AVF that were predictive of clinical presentation and neurological function. The study encompassed a total of 68 consecutive patients with CCJ-AVF at two neurosurgical centers between 2014 and 2022.

The application of high-resolution vessel wall imaging in the in situ bypass surgeries for complex anterior cerebral artery aneurysms.

Objective: Complex anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms are still technically challenging to treat. Bypass surgery is needed to achieve aneurysm obliteration and ACA territory revascularization. Severe atherosclerosis of aneurysm walls can cause clip slippage, intraoperative rupture, postoperative ischemic events.

Use of Bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma: a scoping review and evidence map.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary tumor in the brain, with poor prognosis and limited effective therapies. Although Bevacizumab (BEV) has shown promise in extending progression-free survival (PFS) treating GBM, there is no evidence for its ability to prolong overall survival (OS). Given the uncertainty surrounding BEV treatment strategies, we aimed to provide an evidence map associated with BEV therapy for recurrent GBM (rGBM).

Pre-treatment of rapamycin transformed M2 microglia alleviates traumatic cervical spinal cord injury via AIM2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is still devastating. It was suggested that the inhibition of mTOR may alleviate neuronal inflammatory injury but its underlying mechanism remained to be elucidated. AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2) recruits ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) and caspase-1 to form the AIM2 inflammasome, activate caspase-1, and elicit inflammatory responses.

Decoding and synthesizing tonal language speech from brain activity.

Recent studies have shown that the feasibility of speech brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) as a clinically valid treatment in helping nontonal language patients with communication disorders restore their speech ability. However, tonal language speech BCI is challenging because additional precise control of laryngeal movements to produce lexical tones is required. Thus, the model should emphasize the features from the tonal-related cortex.

Identification of the Key Immune Cells and Genes for the Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Meningioma.

Background: Dysregulation of immune infiltration critically contributes to the tumorigenesis and progression of meningiomas. However, the landscape of immune microenvironment and key genes correlated with immune cell infiltration remains unclear.

Methods: Four Gene Expression Omnibus data sets were included.

Ultrafast Doppler Imaging of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.

Ultrafast ultrasound Doppler imaging offers a new and advantageous intraoperative method for brain lesions. Compared to the conventional color Doppler ultrasound system, the ultrafast Doppler allows us to image hemodynamics in small vasculature in an unprecedented high spatio-temporal resolution without using contrast agent. This report presents an intraoperative ultrafast ultrasound Doppler image of a 53-year-old male with a language eloquent area brain arteriovenous malformation.

How I do it? Basilar bifurcation and left anterior choroidal artery aneurysms clipping.

Background: Despite advancements in endovascular techniques, microsurgical treatment for posterior circulation aneurysms remains challenging.

Method: This report highlights the successful clipping surgery of a 17-year-old female patient with an aneurysm located at the basilar artery (BA) bifurcation and left anterior choroidal artery (AChoA). To improve exposure, the posterior communicating artery was transected.

Convolutional neural network to predict IDH mutation status in glioma from chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging at 7 Tesla.

Background And Goal: Noninvasive prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status in glioma guides surgical strategies and individualized management. We explored the capability on preoperatively identifying IDH status of combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a novel imaging modality, ultra-high field 7.0 Tesla (T) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging.

Surgical outcomes of basilar invagination type B without atlantoaxial dislocation through simple posterior fossa decompression: a retrospective study of 18 cases.

Background: Basilar invagination (BI) is a common disease in the craniocervical junction (CVJ) area. Posterior fossa decompression with/without fixation is a controversial surgical strategy for BI type B. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of simple posterior fossa decompression in treating BI type B.

Increased number and domain of interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the temporal cortex in epilepsy.

Aim: The functions of the interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the human cortex are currently unknown. Here, we aimed to explore whether there is any morphological remodelling of interlaminar astrocytes in layer I of the temporal cortex in epilepsy.

Methods: Tissues were obtained from 17 epilepsy surgery patients and 17 post-mortem age-matched controls.

Identification of RAC1 in promoting brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma using single-cell transcriptome sequencing.

This study aims to give a new perspective to the biomarkers in the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) brain metastasis, pathways involved and potential therapeutics. We performed a comprehensive single-cell level transcriptomic analysis on one LUAD patient with circulating tumor cells (CTCs), primary tumor tissue and metastatic tumor tissue using scRNA-seq approach to identify metastasis related biomarkers. Further scRNA-seq were performed on 7 patients to validate the cancer metastatic hallmark.

Resection of cervical extra-intraspinal neuromas through the enlarged intervertebral foramen: Results in 34 case series patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the techniques used to resection cervical extra-intraspinal neuromas (also known as cervical dumbbell neuromas) through the enlarged intervertebral foramen.

Methods: A total of 34 consecutive patients (19 male, 15 female) with cervical dumbbell neuromas reviewed retrospectively between April 2008 and May 2020. Sixteen tumors were found in the intervertebral foramen of C-C, four in C-C, and 14 in C-T.

Overexpression of GPX4 attenuates cognitive dysfunction through inhibiting hippocampus ferroptosis and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury.

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death that is triggered primarily by lipid peroxidation. A growing body of evidence has implicated ferroptosis in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, none of these studies focused its role on TBI-induced hippocampal injury.

Cell Cycle-Related FAM64A Could be Activated by TGF-β Signaling to Promote Glioma Progression.

Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. FAM64A, a cell cycle-related gene, has been found to promote cell proliferation in various tumors, including gliomas. However, the regulatory mechanism and clinical significance of FAM64A in gliomas remain unclear.

How I do it? Surgical removal of a corpus callosum arteriovenous malformation using a robotic digital microscope.

Background: This report described the surgical nuance of a challenging deep-seated corpus callosum arteriovenous malformation (AVM) using a novel robotic digital microscope.

Method: A 64-year-old male was admitted to treat a ruptured corpus callosum AVM. In order to facilitate surgical manipulation under the robotic digital microscope, a gravity-assisted supine position was utilized.