Dorsal Intradural Extramedullary Bronchogenic Cysts: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.

Intradural extramedullary bronchogenic cysts (IEBCs) are exceedingly rare congenital entities, composed of respiratory epithelial cells derived from the anomalous development of the embryonic foregut. Due to their exceptionally low morbidity, only limited cases are available. Consequently, the clinical features and optimal therapeutic approach remain poorly understood.

Gamma knife radiosurgery clinical efficacy for brain stem glioma: The institutional experience.

Objective: In the past, brain stem was treated with surgery or placement of shunt in Pakistan. Gamma Knife surgery is currently an alternative to surgery for deep brain lesions. In the current study, we show the clinical experience of our Centre treated with Gamma Knife surgery.

Practical Recommendations from the Gulf Region on the Therapeutic Use of Cladribine Tablets for the Management of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis: Impact of the Latest Real-World Evidence on Clinical Practice.

Cladribine tablets (CladT), like alemtuzumab, acts as an immune reconstitution therapy. However, CladT is administered orally (alemtuzumab is given by infusion) and without the potential for serious side effects that limit the therapeutic use of alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis (MS). Treatment with CladT, given initially as short courses of treatment 1 year apart, provides years of freedom from MS disease activity in responders to treatment.

Comparison of Gender Diversity Among Spine Surgeons in the Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research and the Neurospinal Society of Japan: A Descriptive Study Through Secondary Analysis of Aggregated Data.

Study Design: This was a descriptive study through secondary analysis of aggregated data.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe changes in women's membership in the Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research (JSSR) for orthopedic surgery and the Neurospinal Society of Japan (NSJ) for neurosurgery over the past decade and make predictions for the future.

Overview Of Literature: Although the ratio of women physicians in the field of spine surgery is known to be low worldwide, there is a lack of detailed surveys in Japan.

Updates on the Care of Cloacal Exstrophy.

Cloacal exstrophy is the most severe congenital anomaly of the exstrophy-epispadias complex and is characterized by gastrointestinal, genitourinary, neurospinal, and musculoskeletal malformations. Individualized surgical reconstruction by a multidisciplinary team is required for these complex patients. Not infrequently, patients need staged surgical procedures throughout childhood and adolescence.

A novel approach to evaluation of lumbar bone density using Hounsfield units in volume of interest on computed tomography imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), as assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and Hounsfield units (HU) measured in volumes of interest (VOIs) and regions of interest (ROIs) on lumbar spine CT.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on data of lumbar vertebrae obtained from patients who underwent both DEXA and lumbar spine CT scan within a 6-month period. Vertebrae with a history of compression fracture, infectious spondylitis, cement reinforcement, or lumbar surgery were excluded.

Metformin alleviates genetic and traumatic heterotopic ossification by inhibiting infiltration and mitochondrial metabolism of myeloid cells.

Objectives: Heterotopic ossification (HO), whether hereditary or traumatic, refers to the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites, often triggered by inflammation or flare-ups. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective treatments for HO. Metformin is well-known for its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects.

Impact of Racial/Ethnic Disparities on Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Cervical Spine Surgery: QOD Analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of data from the cervical module of a National Spine Registry, the Quality Outcomes Database.

Objective: To examine the association of race and ethnicity with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at one year after cervical spine surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Evidence suggests that Black individuals are 39% to 44% more likely to have postoperative complications and a prolonged length of stay after cervical spine surgery compared with Whites.

"Skip" corpectomy technique in multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy and ossified posterior longitudinal ligament: Outcomes with over 10-years follow-up.

Objective: Skip corpectomy is a surgical technique that includes C4 and C6 corpectomies and fusion via autografts and a cervical plate and is frequently performed in patients with CSM and OPLL. This study presents long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of 48 patients who underwent skip corpectomy with 10-year follow-up.

Methods: 48 patients who were diagnosed with CSM or OPLL were included.

Shorter survival time of adolescents and young adult patients than older adults with spinal cord glioblastoma: a multicenter study.

Objective: Cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) (age 15-39 years) often present with unique characteristics and poor outcomes. To date, spinal cord glioblastoma, a rare tumor, remains poorly understood across all age groups, including AYAs. This comparative study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of spinal cord glioblastoma in AYAs and older adults (age 40-74 years), given the limited availability of studies focusing on AYAs.

Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes of Spinal Pilocytic Astrocytomas: A Multicenter Retrospective Study by the Neurospinal Society of Japan.

Objective: The characteristics, imaging features, long-term surgical outcomes, and recurrence rates of primary spinal pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) have not been clarified owing to their rarity and limited reports. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the clinical presentation, radiological features, pathological findings, and long-term outcomes of spinal PAs.

Methods: Eighteen patients with spinal PAs who were surgically treated between 2009 and 2020 at 58 institutions were included in this retrospective multicenter study.

The Impact of Adjuvant Radiotherapy on Clinical Performance Status in Patients With Grade II Spinal Cord Astrocytoma - A Nationwide Analysis by the Neurospinal Society of Japan.

Objective: The impact of adjuvant radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with grade II spinal cord astrocytomas remains controversial. Additionally, the relationship between progression and clinical deterioration after radiotherapy has not been well investigated.

Methods: This study included 53 patients with grade II intramedullary spinal cord astrocytomas treated by either subtotal, partial resection or open biopsy.

Impact of surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord metastasis on neurological function and survival: A multicenter retrospective study by the Neurospinal Society of Japan.

Background: This retrospective multicenter study aimed to analyze the characteristics and surgical outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) and to discuss the controversy regarding its surgical indications.

Methods: This study included 29 ISCM patients who underwent surgery between 2009 and 2020. Biopsy cases were excluded from analysis.

Effectiveness of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease treatment with Single-center experience in Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and accuracy of deep brain stimulation in Parkinsonian Disease (PD).

Methods: This study was a descriptive prospective study, and patients were treated at Neurospinal and Cancer Care Institute Karachi, from February 1, 2016, to June 30, 2020. We had 21 cases of parkinsonian disease.

Juvenile scoliosis as the first manifestation of syringomyelia associated with Chiari malformation type I.

Background: Scoliosis is a spinal deformity that usually manifests as a structural curve determining a variable deformity of the trunk. According to some published series, 4 to 26% of scoliosis initially classified as idiopathic show neurological alterations when studied with nuclear magnetic resonance, such as syringomyelia and Chiari malformation, among the most frequent. Chiari malformations are characterized by descending herniation of the cerebellar tonsils, brainstem, and IV ventricle into the spinal canal.

Epidemiology and Comparative Analysis of Outcomes of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumor Between Pediatric and Adult Patients.

Study Design: This was as clinical retrospective study.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the characteristics of Pediatric intramedullary spinal cord tumors (PISCTs) and to identify differences between pediatric and adult intramedullary spinal cord tumors.

Summary Of Background Data: PISCTs represent a rare clinical entity with limited evidence-base in the literature.

Cauda Equina Syndrome in a Military Personnel: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Cauda equina syndrome is a rare but severe neuro-spinal disorder commonly caused due to lumbar disc herniation, which occurs mostly at lower levels of L4-S1. We report a case of 38-year-old male soldier deployed on a foreign mission who presented to a level 1 military hospital 4 months back with complaints of decreased movement of bilateral lower limbs and severe low back pain radiating to the right lower limb for 2 hours. He was referred to a higher centre and diagnosed with cauda equina syndrome due to massive disc herniation at levels L2-L3.