Characteristics of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand: Case series and literature review.

Introduction: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly progressive, fatal, neurodegenerative disease classified as prion diseases. There are many subtypes of this disease, but information about clinical presentation and investigation findings in Thailand is scarce.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, radiological and electroencephalographic characteristics of CJD encountered at Siriraj hospital in the past 10 years (between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2015).

Evaluating semantic control with transcranial magnetic stimulation: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis investigates the role of specific brain regions in semantic control processes using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). According to the Controlled Semantic Cognition framework, control processes help manage the contextually appropriate retrieval of semantic information by activating a distributed neural network, including the inferior frontal gyrus, the posterior middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule. Lesions in these areas can lead to difficulties in manipulating weakly activated or competing semantic information.

Multidisciplinary consensus-based statement on the current role of middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) in chronic SubDural hematoma (cSDH).

Introduction: Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization (MMAE) in patients with chronic SubDural Hematoma (cSDH) is a novel treatment approach, albeit the specific role of MMAE in the treatment of cSDH is not yet defined.

Research Question: The aim of this work is to provide a consensus-based statement from a multidisciplinary panel on the current role of MMAE in patients with cSDH.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was performed using the keywords MMAE and cSDH.

Cortical activations in cognitive task performance at multiple frequency bands.

Neural oscillations are fundamental for brain function and govern various cognitive processes. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging advances offer the opportunity to study frequency-specific properties of blood-oxygen-level-dependent oscillations at multiple frequency bands. However, most have focused on spontaneous brain activity in the resting state, leaving a gap in direct evidence regarding the specific activations of cognitive tasks across different frequency bands.

Emotional pictures in the brain and their interaction with the task: a fine-grained fMRI coordinate-based meta-analysis study.

The impacting research on emotions of the last decades was carried out with different methods. The most popular was based on the use of a validated sample of slides, the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS), divided mainly into pleasant, neutral and unpleasant categories, and on fMRI as a measure of brain activation induced by these stimuli. With the present coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) based on ALE approach, we aimed to unmask the main brain networks involved in the contrast of pleasant vs.

EMATA: a toolbox for the automatic extraction and modeling of arterial inputs for tracer kinetic analysis in [F]FDG brain studies.

Purpose: PET imaging is a pivotal tool for biomarker research aimed at personalized medicine. Leveraging the quantitative nature of PET requires knowledge of plasma radiotracer concentration. Typically, the arterial input function (AIF) is obtained through arterial cannulation, an invasive and technically demanding procedure.

Brain Hypertrophy in Patients With Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis and Its Clinical Correlates.

Background And Objectives: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is generally associated with focal brain atrophy, but little knowledge exists on possible disease-related hypertrophy of brain structures. We hypothesized that repeated seizures or adaptive plasticity may lead to focal brain hypertrophy and aimed to investigate associated clinical correlates.

Methods: In this cohort study, we included patients with mTLE undergoing detailed epilepsy evaluations and matched healthy volunteers (HVs) from 2 tertiary centers (discovery and validation cohorts).

Base editing of in neurons alleviates symptoms in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease caused by irreversible progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons (DANs). Recent studies have reported the successful conversion of astrocytes into DANs by repressing polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), which led to the rescue of motor symptoms in a chemically-induced mouse model of PD. However, follow-up studies have questioned the validity of this astrocyte-to-DAN conversion model.

Relationship between glioblastoma location and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation percentage.

A large literature assessed the relationships between the O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status and glioblastoma location with inconsistent results. Studies assessing this association using the percentage of methylation are lacking. This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating relationships between glioblastoma topology and MGMT promoter methylation, both as categorical (presence/absence) and continuous (percentage) status.

Chordoid Meningioma: The Rarest Subtype of Grade II Meningioma.

Chordoid meningioma, a rare WHO grade II tumor, is known for its aggressive behavior and high recurrence rate. We report a case of a 44-year-old woman with progressive left-sided weakness, where imaging revealed a 3.0 cm lesion in the right sphenoidal wing with significant midline shift and edema.

Association of white matter hyperintensities with lipoprotein (a) levels: insights from a cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the relationship between lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The aim of the study was to examine if elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with higher burden of WMH.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated associations between Lp(a) and the burden of WMH among patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks.

Inflammasomes in neurodegenerative diseases.

Inflammasomes represent a crucial component of the innate immune system, which respond to threats by recognizing different molecules. These are known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or host-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation, the accumulation of misfolded proteins, such as beta-amyloid and alpha-synuclein, can lead to inflammasome activation, resulting in the release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18.

Exploring robotic advances, applications, and challenges in neuroendovascular surgery: A scoping review of the CorPath GRX system.

Background: The integration of robotics into neuroendovascular surgery has the potential to revolutionize the field by enhancing precision, reducing procedure-related risks, and improving patient outcomes. The CorPath GRX system represents a significant advancement in this domain. In this systematically conducted scoping review, we explore the current applications, advances, and challenges associated with robot-assisted neuroendovascular surgery.

Brain Metabolic Resilience in Alzheimer's Disease: A Predictor of Cognitive Decline and Conversion to Dementia.

Objective: Brain atrophy measured by structural imaging has been used to quantify resilience against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Considering glucose hypometabolism is another marker of neurodegeneration, we quantified metabolic resilience (MR) based on Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) and investigated its clinical implications.

Methods: We quantified the MR and other resilience metrics, including brain resilience (BR) and cognitive resilience (CR), using partial least squares path modeling from the ADNI database.

Transcranial Cortex-Wide Imaging of Murine Ischemic Perfusion With Large-Field Multifocal Illumination Microscopy.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a common cause of death worldwide and a main cause of morbidity. Presently, laser speckle contrast imaging, x-ray computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are the mainstay for stroke diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in preclinical studies. These modalities are often limited in terms of their ability to map brain perfusion with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution, thus calling for development of new brain perfusion techniques featuring rapid imaging speed, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use.

A neurophysiological and genetic assessment of a case of rapidly progressive scoliosis.

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity characterized by a lateral deviation of at least 10° Cobb, categorized into idiopathic and non-idiopathic forms, caused by identifiable factors like congenital abnormalities, neuromuscular conditions, or genetic syndromes. This case report discusses a 15-year-old girl with growth delay and growth hormone (GH) deficiency who experienced rapid scoliosis progression. Initial evaluations were normal, and electroencephalography (EEG) showed nonspecific alterations, but further assessment revealed a MYH3 gene variant associated with scoliosis, short stature, and distinct facial features.

Population-specific reference panel improves imputation quality for genome-wide association studies conducted on the Japanese population.

To improve imputation quality for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted on the Japanese population, we developed and evaluated four Japanese population-specific reference panels. These panels were constructed through the augmentation of the 1000 Genomes Project (1KG) panel using Japanese whole genome sequencing (WGS) data, with sample sizes ranging from 1 K to 7 K individuals enrolled through the Biobank Japan (BBJ) project, and sequencing depths ranging from 3× to 30×. Among these panels, an augmented reference panel comprising 7472 WGS samples of mixed depth (1KG+7K) exhibit the greatest improvement in imputation quality relative to the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) reference panel.

Quantitative Neuroanatomical measurement on Photogrammetric model: Validation study.

Objective: To scrutinize and compare the accuracy of measurements obtained from photogrammetric models against direct measurements taken on dry skulls, with the aim to verify the feasibility of photogrammetry for quantitative analysis in microsurgical neuroanatomy.

Methods: Two dry human skulls were used. Each was scanned using the dual camera system of a smartphone The selected photos were separately processed two different software to create 3D models.

Stroke recurrence and all-causemortality in CPAP-treated sleep-disordered-breathing patients.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects about 70 % of stroke patients and is closely linked to stroke development. It is unclear whether treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces the risk of stroke recurrence or mortality in post-stroke patients, partly due to limited follow-up time and small sample sizes of previous studies. To close this knowledge gap, this study investigated changes in stroke recurrence and mortality among CPAP-treated post-stroke patients with sleep-disordered breathing.