6,940 results match your criteria: "Neurologic Disease and Pregnancy"

Parvovirus B19 infection in children: a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations and management.

Ital J Pediatr

December 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Santa Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL della Romagna, Viale Vincenzo Randi, 5, Ravenna, Ravenna, 48121, RA, Italy.

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a significant pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, particularly in children and pregnant women. While B19V is most commonly recognized as the cause of Fifth disease, a mild erythematous illness in children, its clinical impact extends far beyond this condition. B19V can lead to severe complications, including transient aplastic crisis in individuals with chronic hemolytic anemias, arthralgia, and more severe joint diseases.

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The combination of hypertension with systemic inflammation during pregnancy is a hallmark of preeclampsia, but both processes also convey dynamic information about its antecedents and correlates (e.g., fetal growth restriction) and potentially related offspring sequelae.

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Minimizing central nervous system (CNS) injury from preterm birth depends upon understanding the critical pathways that underlie essential neurodevelopmental and CNS pathophysiology. Signaling by chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) through its cognate receptor, CXCR2 [(C-X-C motif) receptor 2] is essential for neurodevelopment. Increased CXCR2 signaling, however, is implicated in a variety of uterine and neuropathologies, and their role in the CNS injury associated with perinatal brain injury is poorly defined.

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Background: Individuals with adverse pregnancy outcomes have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, but the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and cognitive impairment and dementia is less well established. We aimed to synthesise, combine, and assess the growing body of data examining the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and mild cognitive impairment and dementia in parous women.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, and Embase from database inception up to July 18, 2024, with no language restrictions, for observational studies or clinical trials that reported mild cognitive impairment or dementia as outcomes and included female individuals or women who had an adverse pregnancy outcome, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, or placental abruption.

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Introduction: Preeclampsia is associated with acute neurological complications during pregnancy, but the subsequent risk of developing a neurological disorder is unclear. We determined if preeclampsia was associated with the long-term risk of neurological morbidity.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 1,460,098 pregnant women with and without preeclampsia in Quebec, Canada, between 1989 and 2023.

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Neurodevelopment of Critical ILL Neonates at the Age of 12 Months.

Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki)

November 2024

University Clinic for Children's Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, St. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia.

Critically ill neonates who survive are often left with dire consequences. Cerebral palsy, other neurological and motor deficiencies, intellectual disability, and various degrees of cognitive and behavioral deficiencies all result from neonatal critical diseases. We investigated psychomotor development in 20 children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and as newborns often have multiple comorbidities, the following as well: HIE with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), infections, hypo and hyperglycemia and hypocalcemia.

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Background: Leigh syndrome is a common mitochondrial disorder caused by gene mutations in the nucleus and mitochondria. When building mitochondrial complex I, the main subunit ND1 combines with the Q module to form a 273 kDa complex, which then adds Ndufa3, Ndufa8, and Ndufa13 to create an intermediate product of about 283 kDa called Q/Pp-a. Although Ndufa8 and Ndufa13 have been linked to mitochondrial diseases, the role of Ndufa3 in disease development is still not fully understood.

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A boy is presented in whom Down Syndrome mosaicism and spinal muscular atrophy by overlapping clinical symptoms delayed the diagnosis and caused complicated motor development. The boy from the first pregnancy was delivered vaginally, week 37, Apgar 10, birth weight 3,650 g. The mother, aged 30, had no family history of Down Syndrome or neuromuscular diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Familial amyloid polyneuropathy type I is a rare disease that leads to nerve damage and affects a person's ability to feel and control their body, starting early in life and worsening over time.
  • - A pregnant woman with this condition experienced worsened gastrointestinal, heart, and nerve symptoms during her pregnancy, prompting a caesarean delivery with epidural anesthesia.
  • - Managing anesthesia for a caesarean section in patients with this type of neuropathy is complex due to the disease’s effects on multiple body systems, making it crucial to share details on how it was handled in this case.
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Sex dependent intergenerational effects of lead in mouse model.

Sci Rep

December 2024

Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • Lead exposure negatively affects fertility and child brain development in mice, with reduced conception rates observed when both males and females are exposed.
  • The study involved four groups of mice to analyze the effects of lead from contaminated soil over four weeks and how these exposures impacted reproduction and neurological performance in their offspring.
  • Results showed that both maternal and paternal Pb exposure led to poor performance in neurological tests for the offspring, with paternal effects being more significant in female offspring, possibly indicating an X-chromosome link.
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  • Mental health conditions and epilepsy often occur together during pregnancy and are linked to higher rates of severe maternal morbidity (SMM).
  • A study examining over 5 million births in California found that SMM was notably higher in pregnant individuals with either or both conditions compared to those without.
  • Results showed that the odds of SMM increased significantly with mental health issues (2.13 times), epilepsy (3.79 times), and even more so for those with both conditions (4.91 times), stressing the importance of monitoring these risks in pregnant women.
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Medical Diseases in Pregnancy: An Acute on Chronic Focus.

Br J Hosp Med (Lond)

November 2024

Women's and Children's Department, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.

In the last decade or so obstetric care has evolved and become more complex. This can be attributed to a combination of factors including rising obesity rates, maternal age and medical treatment advances. Clinicians are caring for more pregnant women with chronic medical disease in addition to any de novo presentations which may occur, emphasising the need for the general medicine body to feel confident and skilled in the management of medical problems before, during and after pregnancy.

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Nomogram for predicting pregnancy-related relapse of myasthenia gravis.

Orphanet J Rare Dis

December 2024

Huashan Rare Disease Centre and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, National Centre for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.

Article Synopsis
  • Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune condition affecting muscle control, and this study investigates its relapse risk during pregnancy to enhance clinical outcomes.
  • The study tracked 113 women with MG to identify factors influencing relapse and created a predictive model using data on relapse rates and treatments, revealing that a significant number of relapses occur particularly in the first trimester and postpartum.
  • Key findings indicate that younger age at delivery, less time with stable MG, presence of thymic hyperplasia, and inadequate treatment during pregnancy elevate the risk of relapse, highlighting crucial periods and factors for patient monitoring.
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Natural compounds include complex chemical compounds that exist in plants, animals and microbes. Due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological and biochemical actions, they have been widely used to treat multifactorial diseases, including cancer. In addition, their demonstrated neuroprotective properties strongly support their use in the treatment of neurological diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Analysis involved 2,431 cases and 1,265 healthy controls, revealing that individuals with the MTHFR variant had a significantly higher risk for conditions like respiratory distress, recurrent pregnancy loss, and intellectual disabilities.
  • * The MTHFR TT-genotype specifically indicated a high risk of abnormal phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of this genetic variant in neurodevelopmental and other health-related outcomes.
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Background: Studies have investigated the role of different parenting intervention programs in the early development of children. Here we aimed to determine the long-term efficacy of Care for Child Development (CCD) guideline interventions on behavioral dimensions of children's development.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial took place at an outpatient public Pediatrics clinic in Isfahan, Iran from February 2020 to May 2024.

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Introduction: Rare earth elements (REEs) are widely used in plenty of fields. REEs have significant neurotoxicity and it may adversely affect the development of cognitive. For example, neodymium will causing neurological damage through penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

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Introduction to the Proteomic Analysis of Placentas with Fetal Growth Restriction and Impaired Lipid Metabolism.

Metabolites

November 2024

Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Clinical University Hospital n1, Staszica 16, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a disorder defined as the failure of a fetus to achieve its full biological development potential due to decreased placental function, which can be attributed to a range of reasons. FGR is linked to negative health outcomes during the perinatal period, including increased morbidity and mortality. Long-term health problems, such as impaired neurological and cognitive development, as well as cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, have also been found in adulthood.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the safety of various medications for narcolepsy, a lifelong neurological disorder, using five years of data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to analyze pharmacological treatments like pitolisant, sodium oxybate, solriamfetol, and modafinil.
  • Data analysis revealed significant signals for adverse drug events (ADEs), especially psychiatric and nervous system-related issues, with sodium oxybate raising concerns about suicidal thoughts and respiratory problems, while other medications highlighted issues like drug inefficacy and pregnancy-related risks.
  • Overall, findings suggest that adverse reactions align with existing product warnings, emphasizing the need for careful management and monitoring of narcolepsy treatments.
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Article Synopsis
  • Adequate nutrition during pregnancy is essential for fetal brain development, and low protein intake can lead to neurological issues in offspring, which is a major global health concern.
  • A study using rhesus macaques showed that reduced maternal protein levels led to structural brain abnormalities and decreased gray matter volume, particularly in areas important for motor control.
  • Although significant brain changes were observed through MRI, early behavioral tests at 1 month showed only minor effects, suggesting that the impacts of protein reduction may not immediately translate to behavior.
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Objective: To analyze the association between chronic health conditions and severe acute respiratory syndrome in pregnant women.

Method: Retrospective, exploratory study conducted with 1,152 pregnant women from all 27 states of Brazil who sought hospital treatment and were diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome between 2020 and 2022. Public data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Gripe) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health were used.

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Chorioamnionitis and Two-Year Outcomes in Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

J Pediatr

December 2024

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Fetal Neonatal Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Objective: To determine if chorioamnionitis is associated with an increased risk of adverse 2-year outcomes among infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Study Design: This cohort study included all infants with moderate to severe HIE treated with therapeutic hypothermia and enrolled on the High-dose Erythropoietin for Asphyxia and Encephalopathy Trial. Clinical chorioamnionitis (CC) was defined as a diagnosis made by a treating obstetrician and histologic chorioamnionitis (HC) was defined as placental inflammation observed on histology.

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