Prevalence and Risk Factors of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Newly Diagnosed Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients.

Background: Head-and-neck cancer (HNC) can cause oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). Early identification of OD in newly diagnosed HNC patients is important to better prepare patients for their cancer treatment trajectory. The aim of this study is (1) to assess the prevalence of OD in HNC patients within three weeks before the start of cancer treatment and (2) to investigate which demographic and oncological characteristics may be risk factors associated with the risk of OD at baseline.

Prospective evaluation of opioid cessation in patients with suspected Opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction (OIED).

Introduction: The causal relationship between chronic opioid use and esophageal motor dysfunction in symptomatic patients has not been established.

Methods: A prospective before-and-after multicenter study, including chronic active opioid patients referred for esophageal motility tests due to non-obstructive dysphagia.

Results: 37 patients were evaluated, 27 (73%) had criteria of opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction (OIED).

Rome IV functional defecation disorder: time for a change in symptom criteria for improved clinical relevance?

Introduction: Defecatory disorders are common affecting up to 8% of the population. Rome IV diagnostic criteria are used to define this condition and therefore select patients for the gold standard therapy, anorectal biofeedback. The aim of this study was to test the current Rome IV FDD criteria in a real-world population by utilizing the response to biofeedback as a validation tool.

Approach to anaemia in gastrointestinal disease: A position paper by the ESPGHAN Gastroenterology Committee.

Anaemia is a frequent consequence of many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in children and it can even be the initial presenting symptom of underlying chronic GI disease. The definition of anaemia is age and gender-dependent and it can be classified based on pathophysiology, red cell morphology, and clinical presentation. Although nutritional deficiencies, including GI malabsorption of nutrients and GI bleeding, play a major role, other pathophysiologic mechanisms seen in chronic GI diseases, whether inflammatory (e.

Neurogastroenterology and motility disorders in patients with cirrhosis.

Neurogastroenterology and motility disorders are complex gastrointestinal conditions that are prevalent worldwide, particularly affecting women and younger individuals. These conditions significantly impact the quality of life of people suffering from them. There is increasing evidence linking these disorders to cirrhosis, with a higher prevalence compared to the general population.

European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting-A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management.

Introduction: Chronic nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a wide range of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal conditions. Diagnosis can be challenging and requires a systematic and well-structured approach. If the initial investigation for structural, toxic and metabolic disorders is negative, digestive motility and gut-brain interaction disorders should be assessed.

Novel Concepts on the Functional Neuroanatomy of the Anorectum: Implications for Anorectal Neuropathy and Neuromodulation Therapy.

Anorectal neuropathy causes anorectal dysfunction, yet it is poorly recognized. This stems from both a lack of understanding of the extrinsic and intrinsic innervation of the anorectum and tools for evaluation of neuronal function. Our objective was to provide an improved understanding of the neuronal networks of the anorectum and discuss its functional significance.

A H2S-activated NIR-II imaging probe for precise diagnosis and pathological evaluation of colorectal tumor.

The quick and accurate detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is essential for improving the treatment efficacy and patient survival, which nevertheless remains challenging due to low specificity and sensitivity of current CRC diagnostic approaches. Therefore, providing a robust solution for real-time and accurate tumor delineation is highly desirable. We report a novel polyacrylic acid-mediated strategy to develop the endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS)-activated NIR-II probe DCNP@PB for specific visualization of CRC and image-guided tumor surgery.

Evaluation of Perceived Competence and Satisfaction in Neurogastroenterology and Motility Training During the Gastroenterology Fellowship in Spain.

Introduction: We evaluated the level of achievement of the published recommendations of the European and American neurogastroenterology and motility (NGM) Societies, on the competence in managing NGM disorders in a European Country with regulated gastroenterology training program.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide survey to gastroenterologists in Spain. Information regarding demographics, training center characteristics, NGM training, self-reported interest, satisfaction with the Tier 1 skills recommended by the ANMS-ESNM, and perceived competence in the diagnosis and management of diseases in the spectrum of NGM was obtained.

In Obesity, Esophagogastric Junction Fat Impairs Esophageal Barrier Function and Dilates Intercellular Spaces via HIF-2α.

Background & Aims: Dilated intercellular space (DIS) in esophageal epithelium, a sign of impaired barrier function, is a characteristic finding of GERD that also is found in obese patients without GERD. We have explored molecular mechanisms whereby adipose tissue products might impair esophageal barrier integrity.

Methods: We established cultures of visceral fat obtained during foregut surgery from obese and non-obese patients.

Hedonic Responses to Meal Ingestion in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia and Postprandial Symptoms.

Introduction: It is not clear whether patients with postprandial symptoms enjoy the meal.

Methods: Prospective trial in patients with postprandial distress syndrome and healthy controls, comparing their responses with stepwise ingestion of a comfort meal.

Results: Healthy individuals (N = 18) enjoyed the meal and experienced digestive well-being.

Baseline Anal Sphincter Elastance May Predict Long-Term Outcomes of Sacral Neuromodulation for Fecal Incontinence.

Introduction: Anal acoustic reflectometry (AAR), a novel test of anal sphincter function, was shown to predict a successful trial phase of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for fecal incontinence. This follow-up study aims to explore if AAR can also predict short- and long-term SNM outcomes at less than and more than 5 y, respectively.

Methods: Outcome data were reviewed from a prospectively managed database.

Rome Foundation and international neurogastroenterology and motility societies' consensus on idiopathic gastroparesis.

To establish a consensus on the definition and management of idiopathic gastroparesis, international experts (selected by neurogastroenterology and motility societies and initiated by the Rome Foundation) devised 144 statements using the Delphi method, with at least 80% agreement required. This consensus defined idiopathic gastroparesis as the presence of symptoms associated with delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Nausea and vomiting were identified as cardinal symptoms.

Building a Neurogastroenterology Unit: Why, Where, and How?

Background: Disorders of the gut-brain axis are public diseases ("Volkskrankheiten") and are among the most frequent reasons to visit a doctor. Despite their great medical and socio-economic importance, patients suffering from these disorders are often not taken seriously and, therefore, do not receive sufficient diagnostic evaluation, or a diagnosis, in conformity with the relevant guidelines. In addition, the inadequate compensation of services makes handling of neurogastroenterological disorders increasingly unattractive.

Validation of the Japanese version of the Esophageal Hypervigilance and Anxiety Scale for esophageal symptoms.

Background: The Esophageal Hypervigilance and Anxiety Scale (EHAS) is an English questionnaire created in the USA to assess these factors in all patients with esophageal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Japanese version of EHAS and investigate the relationship between EHAS scores and symptoms in untreated disorders of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) outflow.

Methods: This prospective study recruited patients who underwent high-resolution manometry (HRM) at six tertiary centers in Japan.

A Review of Pharmacologic and Non-Pharmacologic Therapies in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Recommendations and Evidence.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) affecting millions globally. It imposes a significant burden on healthcare systems and is a leading cause of workplace absenteeism. IBS is classified into several subtypes based on predominant presenting symptoms, including IBS with constipation (IBS-C) and IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D), with each requiring targeted approaches to treatment.

Oesophageal overlap motility disorders: beyond Chicago classification V.4.0.

Patients with oesophageal motility disorders may present with dysphagia, regurgitation or chest pain. High-resolution manometry (HRM) is the current gold-standard modality for the diagnosis of oesophageal motility disorders. The data from HRM are analysed and interpreted to form a diagnosis based on the Chicago classification.

A machine learning approach to stratify patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorders according to disorders of gut brain interaction, comorbidities and quality of life.

Background: A high prevalence of disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) exist in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD). However, it is unknown if clusters of hEDS/HSD patients exist which overlap with different DGBIs and whether this overlap influences presence of comorbidities and quality of life. We aimed to study these knowledge gaps.

The American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index-Daily Diary (ANMS GCSI-DD): Psychometric validation and meaningful change threshold in patients with idiopathic or diabetic gastroparesis.

Introduction: The American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index-Daily Diary (ANMS GCSI-DD) is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument for gastroparesis. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the ANMS GCSI-DD and determined a meaningful change threshold using the data from a phase 2b trial in adults with moderate-to-severe idiopathic or diabetic gastroparesis (DG).

Methods: The psychometric properties of ANMS GCSI-DD were analyzed using other clinician- and patient-reported outcomes from 242 patients during the 12-week trial.