327 results match your criteria: "Neuro-Ophthalmic Examination"
Pupil sparing oculomotor nerve palsy with concomitant Horner syndrome as a presentation of mantle cell lymphoma relapse.
BMJ Case Rep
December 2024
Radiology Department, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK.
A woman in her 70s, with a background of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), presented with headache and diplopia. Neuro-ophthalmic examination revealed a combination of Horner syndrome and ipsilateral pupil sparing oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP). Cerebrospinal fluid immunophenotyping demonstrated CD5 positive clonal B lymphocytes, consistent with neurological involvement by MCL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Black Patients.
Am J Ophthalmol
October 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (G.M., V.B., N.J.N., B.B.B.); Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (V.B., N.J.N., B.B.B.); Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (B.B.B.). Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the differences in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) between Black and White patients, noting that NAION is less common in Black individuals but the reasons for this are unclear.
- It was a retrospective analysis that included 32 Black patients and a sample of 69 White patients, examining various health factors and the timing of their NAION diagnosis.
- Findings revealed that Black patients had longer delays in seeking treatment and were more likely to have chronic kidney disease and require hemodialysis, but there were no significant differences in optic nerve features between the two groups.
Survey of ocular abnormalities in a population of Turkmen horses.
Vet Ophthalmol
September 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- The study's goal was to find and describe eye issues in a group of 55 Turkmen horses, consisting of 33 mares and 22 stallions.
- Each horse underwent a thorough eye examination, which included various tests and procedures to assess their vision and ocular health.
- Results showed that 32.7% of the horses had eye-related problems, mainly cataracts, iris hyperpigmentation, and corneal edema, but no issues were linked to the horses' unique cream/gold coat color.
Neuro-ophthalmic and Neuro-otologic Evaluation in Individuals with Motion Sickness Susceptibility.
J Int Adv Otol
July 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Since the physiological background of motion sickness is not entirely clear, it was aimed to examine the physiological differences in groups consisting of individuals susceptible and non-susceptible to motion sickness. Sixty subjects [motion sickness (MS) group: 33 female, 3 male; 28.8 ± 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) can lead to various neuro-ophthalmic symptoms like vision loss, and this case highlights a 53-year-old woman who experienced bilateral painless vision decline alongside other neurological issues.* -
- Despite elevated inflammatory markers and a thorough work-up revealing no clear cause, brain MRI indicated possible WE, prompting immediate high-dose thiamine treatment, which led to significant improvement.* -
- The case stresses the importance of considering vision loss in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) patients and suggests that while checking thiamine levels is important, starting treatment based on clinical suspicion is often necessary and safe.*
Virtual Reality With Eye Tracking for Pediatric Ophthalmology: A Systematic Review.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
November 2024
Article Synopsis
Presumed Fourth Nerve Palsy in a Healthy and Asymptomatic Child with COVID-19 Infection.
Iran J Child Neurol
June 2024
Resident of Ophthalmology, Khatam Eye Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
COVID-19 can cause a wide range of ocular manifestations. The most common ocular manifestation is conjunctivitis. Neuro-ophthalmic presentations of COVID-19 are rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOcular diagnostics, ophthalmic findings, and conjunctival microbiome in the Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis).
Vet Ophthalmol
June 2024
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Objective: To establish normative data for selected ocular diagnostic tests and commensal conjunctival microflora and describe the incidence of ocular pathology in Chilean flamingos.
Animals Studied: A total of 41 Chilean flamingos were examined at the Blank Park Zoo in Des Moines, Iowa.
Procedures: In 20 flamingos, blink rate was assessed undisturbed in their exhibit, then gentle manual restraint was used to assess palpebral fissure length (PFL), aqueous tear production (phenol red thread test [PRTT] in one eye, endodontic absorbent paper point tear test [EAPPTT] in the other), intraocular pressure (IOP; rebound tonometry), and fluorescein staining.
An overview of neuro-ophthalmic disorders at Jenna Ophthalmic Center, Baghdad, Iraq (2021-2022).
J Med Life
January 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
Article Synopsis
- Neuro-ophthalmic disorders in Iraq have not been well-documented, leading to a study aimed at understanding their clinical and demographic characteristics among patients at a Baghdad clinic.
- Conducted from March 2021 to November 2022, the study included 6440 patients, with 613 newly diagnosed cases; ischemic optic neuropathy emerged as the most common condition, affecting 17.61% of those diagnosed.
- Other prevalent issues included sixth nerve palsy, with a notable 42.7% of cases linked to diabetes and 39.3% to hypertension, indicating a significant occurrence of neuro-ophthalmic diseases in the region.
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep
June 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA.
Purpose: Patients with increased intracranial pressure and underlying hypertensive emergency may present with optic disc edema. Papilledema in this setting may be a predisposing risk factor for superimposed non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). We highlight the role of neuroimaging including diffusion-weighted imaging in magnetic resonance imaging that can help to differentiate visual loss from NAION versus papilledema in fulminant IIH with and without hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Narrative Review on Neuro-Ophthalmological Manifestations That May Occur during Pregnancy.
Life (Basel)
March 2024
Department of Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Aim: As a medical condition, pregnancy mandates the simultaneous treatment of both the mother and the fetus, making it a distinctive aspect of clinical medicine.
Material And Method: We analyze the physiological changes occurring in the eyes and brain during pregnancy, as well as the neuro-ophthalmological manifestations that can occur during pregnancy. Studies published in both English and other languages, case reports, and reviews from 2011 to 2023 onwards were included.
Observational cohort study of 100 patients presenting with functional visual loss: clinical characteristics and comparison with other functional neurologic disorders.
Can J Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to enhance understanding of functional visual loss and compare it with other functional syndromes by observing a cohort of 157 participants over a year.
- It included 100 individuals with functional visual loss, along with pathologic and healthy control groups, all of whom underwent thorough medical evaluations and assessments.
- Findings revealed that the majority of participants with functional visual loss were female, had a significant rate of preexisting psychiatric conditions, and a notable history of ocular and neurologic issues.
Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations in traumatic brain injury: a hospital-based study from Nepal.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
April 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Al-Tadawi Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Article Synopsis
- Neuro-ophthalmic issues, which can lead to permanent visual problems, are common in patients with traumatic head injuries but often overlooked, prompting the study to investigate their occurrence, neurological status, and neuroimaging results.
- A total of 377 patients with head injuries were examined; most were males (71.9%), with road traffic accidents being the leading cause; 10.1% showed neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, primarily optic neuropathy.
- Significant associations were found between brain contusions and optic neuropathy, as well as skull fractures and trochlear nerve palsy, highlighting the importance of early neuro-ophthalmic assessments in head injury patients.*
Utility of ganglion cells for the evaluation of anterior visual pathway pathology: a review.
Acta Neurol Belg
August 2024
Department of Neurodegeneration and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
The management of optic neuropathy is fundamental to neuro-ophthalmic practice. Following the invention of the ophthalmoscope, clinicians, for a century or more, relied upon fundus examination in the evaluation of optic neuropathy. However, the advent of optical coherence tomography, based on the principle of backscattering of light and interferometry, has revolutionized the analysis of optic nerve and retinal disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease Optic Neuritis: A Structure-Function Paradox?
J Neuroophthalmol
June 2024
Department of Neurology (RR, RK, LJB, SLG, LK, KAON, SNG), Department of Population Health (RK, LJB), and Department of Ophthalmology (LJB, SLG), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disorder that most commonly presents with optic neuritis (ON) and affects children more often than adults. We report 8 pediatric patients with MOG-associated ON and characterize focal optical coherence tomography (OCT) abnormalities over time that help distinguish this condition from the trajectories of other demyelinating disorders. These OCT findings are examined in the context of longitudinal visual function testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuro-ophthalmic features of patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol
December 2023
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, USA.
Background: Increased intracranial pressure is a potential cause of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leak. Associated neuro-ophthalmic features have not been well studied, particularly relationships with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We hypothesized that neuro-ophthalmic features routinely used in evaluations for IIH can be useful in the investigation of a causal relationship between IIH and sCSF leak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRathke's cleft cyst apoplexy in a boy treated by endoscopic endonasal surgery: case report and literature review.
Neurochirurgie
March 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) apoplexy is a rare condition in children, caused by abnormal blood flow to the cyst, making it hard to diagnose without a tissue sample.
- - An 8-year-old boy experienced headaches and vision problems, and scans revealed a cystic mass in the sellar region, which was removed through endoscopic surgery.
- - Following the surgery, the boy's headaches were completely resolved and his vision improved significantly; the authors suggest surgery for severe cases, although there are no standard guidelines for treatment in children.
Conservative or surgical management of orbital schwannomas: a population-based case series.
Acta Neurochir (Wien)
January 2024
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Orbital schwannomas (OS) are rare tumors with about 500 reported cases, often requiring surgical removal due to their location affecting vital neuro-ophthalmic structures.* -
- A Swedish study reviewed the management of 16 OS patients from 2005 to 2021, finding that three out of four patients who had surgery achieved gross total resection, while 12 were managed conservatively with regular monitoring.* -
- Long-term outcomes revealed no significant differences in recovery between those who had early surgery and those who underwent surgery after conservative management, with most patients showing clinical improvement regardless of treatment approach.*
Ocular Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Jordan.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol
January 2024
Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of eye-related symptoms in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in Jordan and to explore the connection between these symptoms and different types of APS.
- Data was collected from 90 diagnosed APS cases over three years, focusing on various ocular tests to assess eye health and functions.
- Results showed that 58% of the cases had primary APS, with common eye problems including dry eyes and vision issues, highlighting the need for eye doctors to consider APS as a potential cause for these symptoms.
Difficult decisions, filtration surgery, and the heartbreak of the numerator.
J Cataract Refract Surg
January 2024
Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Article Synopsis
- A 70-year-old man with severe glaucoma had previous surgeries including selective laser trabeculoplasty and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery while also being intolerant to multiple medications.* -
- After consultation with a neuro-ophthalmologist, a trabeculectomy was performed on the left eye, which stabilized its intraocular pressure (IOP) for nearly two years, while the right eye continued to deteriorate.* -
- Visual acuity measurements showed significant impairment in the left eye (20/250) compared to the right eye (20/25), with the right eye's IOP at 20 mm Hg and ongoing treatment with medications.*
Spastic Paraplegia Type 7-Associated Optic Neuropathy: A Case Series.
J Neuroophthalmol
November 2023
Department of Neurology (CAB, SNG), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York; Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and Neurosurgery (MWK, DDM), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Ophthalmology (LLCDB), Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada; and Clinical Neurological Sciences (LLCDB), Western University, London, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Hereditary optic neuropathies are a diverse group of disorders connected to genetic mutations, like those found in the SPG7 gene, which have been linked to optic nerve issues and spastic paraplegia type 7.
- A study examined 5 patients with SPG7 mutations who exhibited symptoms of progressive vision loss, often accompanied by previous cases of peripheral neuropathy.
- Despite all patients having SPG7 mutations, they showed a wide range of clinical presentations and visual impairments, suggesting that these mutations may impact vision and nerve function in various ways.
Hypertensive Retinopathy as a Presenting Sign of Pheochromocytoma with Malignant Hypertension: A Child Case.
Case Rep Ophthalmol
August 2023
Ospedale Regionale di Lugano Civico e Italiano, Ophthalmology, Lugano, Switzerland.
A 13-year-old was admitted to our clinic complaining about a vision loss of over 2 weeks. Bilateral optic disc edema, peripapillary flame-shaped hemorrhages, macular star pattern exudates, and cotton wool spots were found in fundoscopic examination. The OCT exam showed bilaterally serous retinal detachments in sub-foveal region with intraretinal exudates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Reasoning: A Woman With Progressive Painless Sequential Monocular Vision Loss.
Neurology
November 2023
From the Department of Neurology (J.D., H.P., S.Z., P.E.G., M.B.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA.
A 68-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, depression, and migraines presented with painless, acute, consecutive vision loss affecting the right eye for 1 week and the left eye for 2 weeks. Neuro-ophthalmic examination was notable for visual acuities of finger-counting peripherally, a central scotoma, anterior uveitis, vitritis, and placoid macular pigmentary changes in each eye (OU). Proprioception was diminished in the bilateral lower extremities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This review emphasizes a clinical-anatomical method for identifying neuro-ophthalmic symptoms related to autoimmune disorders.
- Recent developments in autoimmune research have revealed new autoantibodies, enhancing our understanding of neuro-ophthalmic signs linked to these conditions.
- A detailed patient history and comprehensive examinations are crucial for diagnosing autoimmune disorders, helping to recognize key symptoms and avoid common mistakes in clinical practice.
Transient lateral rectus palsy associated with acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
September 2023
Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4816117949, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- * The patient's symptoms, including diplopia and ophthalmoplegia, were linked to abducens nerve palsy, presumably caused by a small embolism during the procedure.
- * Notably, this type of complication is very rare, and this case marks only the second reported instance of unilateral rectus palsy related to such a procedure.