Posteromedial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy has favourable outcomes in simultaneous medial meniscus posterior root repair and varus medial knee osteoarthritis patients without concomitant root tear.

Purpose: To evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes in two patient groups: first, varus aligned medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) patients who underwent posteromedial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (PMOWHTO) and simultaneous root repair; second, patients with varus medial knee osteoarthritis without MMPRT who underwent PMOWHTO.

Methods: Patients had MMPRT repair concomitant with PMOWHTO and varus medial knee osteoarthritis without concomitant root tear patients who underwent PMOWHTO and were reviewed. Radiographic parameters, medial meniscus extrusion (MME) and Knee Society Scores [KSSs, including the following subscores: knee score (KS) and knee function score (KFS)] were evaluated.

Deep learning classification of MGMT status of glioblastomas using multiparametric MRI with a novel domain knowledge augmented mask fusion approach.

We aimed to build a robust classifier for the MGMT methylation status of glioblastoma in multiparametric MRI. We focused on multi-habitat deep image descriptors as our basic focus. A subset of the BRATS 2021 MGMT methylation dataset containing both MGMT class labels and segmentation masks was used.

Prognostic factors and outcomes of adjuvant and first-line metastatic treatments in melanoma a Turkish oncology group study.

Management of melanoma has changed significantly with the discovery of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Our aim in the study is to determine which treatment alternatives, specifically dabrafenib plus trametinib and ICIs, are effective in adjuvant therapy and which treatment is effective as first-line metastatic therapy. This retrospective, multicenter study included 120 patients diagnosed with stage IIIB-IIID melanoma receiving both adjuvant and first-line metastatic treatment between 2007 and 2023.

The effect of intrapartum deinfibulation on obstetric outcomes and postpartum sexual function in pregnant women with Type 3 Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting.

Purpose: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a surgical intervention that is still performed in large numbers worldwide and has severe effects in terms of both obstetric and sexual consequences. Due to the increase in immigration, it has become more frequent in many countries. This study aims to compare the labor performance, complications, and postpartum sexual function of Type 3 Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) pregnant women undergoing deinfibulation with Type 3 FGM/C patients without deinfibulation.

Abdominopelvic imaging in the follow-up of testicular germ-cell tumors in adults: recommendations of the Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology.

Objectives: The Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group (SPIWG) of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) aimed to formulate recommendations on the imaging modalities and minimal technical requirements for abdominopelvic imaging in the follow-up of adult patients treated for testicular germ-cell tumors (TGCT).

Methods: The SPIWG members performed an extensive literature search, reviewed the current clinical practice, and reached a consensus based on the opinions of experts in the field.

Results: Recurrence in patients treated for TGCT mainly occurs in retroperitoneal lymph nodes (LNs).

An Assessment of Intermittent and Continuous Enteral Feeding in Critically Ill Children.

Background: The inability to ensure adequate nutrition for patients, and failure to provide adequate calorie and protein intake, result in malnutrition, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The present study assesses the two approaches to enteral nutrition-intermittent and continuous enteral feeding-in critically ill pediatric patients in Türkiye to determine the superiority of one method over the other.

Methods: Included in this multicenter prospective study were patients receiving enteral nutrition via a tube who were followed up over a 3-month period.

Comparative Cranial Joint Variation in Three Different Lizards: Impact of Feeding Habit.

The skull structure in vertebrates is closely related to feeding mode. This study examines the relationship between the cranial joint morphology variation among different lizard species [ (Daudin, 1802), (Nordmann, 1840), and (Başoğlu & Hellmich 1968)] and their feeding habit. This study investigates the cranial anatomical correlates of distinct cranial kinesis models.

High and Low Adherence to Mediterranean and DASH Diet Patterns and the Risk of Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: The relationship between heart failure (HF) and Mediterranean and DASH diets is not well delineated. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of high adherence to Mediterranean and DASH diets compared to low adherence in reducing the risk of incident HF (primary prevention of HF) and reducing all-cause mortality in patients with HF (secondary prevention of HF).

Methods: The reporting stages of this meta-analysis closely adhered to the PRISMA guidelines.

Improving Electrical Conductivity of Commercially Pure Aluminium: The Synergistic Effect of AlB8 Master Alloy and Heat Treatment.

This study aims to enhance the electrical conductivity of commercially pure aluminium by minimizing impurities and grain boundaries in its microstructure, ultimately improving the efficiency of electric motors constructed from rotors with squirrel cages made from this material. For this purpose, an aluminium-boron (AlB8) master alloy was added to aluminium with a purity of 99.7%, followed by the application of a grain-coarsening heat treatment to the rotors.

Urinary Incontinence in Men with Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: To evaluate urinary incontinence (UI) and its effect on quality of life (QoL) in male stroke patients. : A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 103 adult male stroke survivors. The individuals' degree of disability was evaluated using the Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Barthel Index (BI).

Unveiling Microbiota Profiles in Saliva and Pancreatic Tissues of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

The pancreas, previously considered a sterile organ, has recently been shown to harbor its own microbiota that may influence tumor biology and patient outcomes. Despite increasing interest in the impact of the microbiome on cancer, the relationship between pancreatic tissue and oral microbiomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains limited. In this study, the oral and pancreas tissue microbiomes of patients with PDAC were compared to patients with other periampullary cancers (DC/AC) and a healthy control group using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.

Enhancing Treatment Decisions for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations: A Reinforcement Learning Approach.

Background: Although higher-generation TKIs are associated with improved progression-free survival in advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, the optimal selection of TKI treatment remains uncertain. To address this gap, we developed a web application powered by a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to assist in guiding initial TKI treatment decisions.

Methods: Clinical and mutational data from advanced NSCLC patients were retrospectively collected from 14 medical centers.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: Adverse Events, Clinical Response Rates, and Surgical and Pathological Outcomes-Bozyaka Experience.

To evaluate the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACTx) process in breast cancer (BC), its significant treatment-related adverse events (trAEs), tumor clinical response rates, and surgical and pathological outcomes, and to analyze factors influencing cavity shaving and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) following sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). A comprehensive retrospective study was conducted at a single center on patients who received NACTx for BC between 2015 and 2021. Medical records of 242 patients were reviewed.

Thematic Review of Endocrine Disruptors and Their Role in Shaping Pubertal Timing.

This review examines the inconsistent effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pollutants on pubertal timing, emphasizing the methodological challenges contributing to variability in findings. Data from nine key studies reveal that chemicals such as BPA, phthalates, and PFAS impact pubertal onset differently based on exposure timing, dosage, and sex. For instance, BPA is linked to earlier puberty in girls but delayed onset in boys, while other EDCs show mixed effects across populations.

Severe Lipoatrophy in a Growth Hormone Deficient Toddler Girl Treated with a Non-Pegylated Long-Acting Growth Hormone.

Background: Recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) has been used since 1985 to treat growth hormone (GH)-induced short stature, typically associated with transient adverse events. However, lipoatrophy, characterized by irreversible damage to subcutaneous fat, was first reported in 1999 and linked to antibody formation. In 2021, localized lipoatrophy was observed in 14.

Clinical Insight into Congenital Hypothyroidism Among Children.

Molecular, genetic, and technological advances have led to increased knowledge regarding neonatal thyroid hormone metabolism disorders. Maternal and fetal hypothyroidism, which can cause psychomotor dysfunction syndromes or low IQ levels, can lead to brain damage, reduced fetal growth and incidental fetal death. The treatment of congenital hypothyroidism detected by screening programs performed during the neonatal period provides normalization of growth, IQ levels, and the physical, mental, and motor development of infants.

Should We Adopt Increased Dilutions for Indirect Immunofluorescence in Pediatric Anti-Centromere Antibody Testing? Insights from a Three-Year Retrospective Study.

Background/objectives: Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) pose diagnostic challenges, particularly in pediatric populations, due to their diverse presentations and overlapping symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic concordance between indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) at different dilution levels (1/80 and 1/640) and immunoblot findings for anti-centromere antibody (ACA) positivity. Additionally, the clinical significance of ACA positivity and its association with SARDs in pediatric patients was assessed.

The Role of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Vitamin D Receptor () Gene Variants on Dental Caries.

Background/objectives: Vitamin D helps the mineralization of bone, teeth, and other calcified tissues by regulating calcium-phosphate metabolism. The nuclear activation of the vitamin D receptor () gene is essential for the effectiveness of vitamin D. The main objective of this study is to determine the role of vitamin D levels and gene variants in dental caries.

Diagnostic Potential of CTRP5 and Chemerin for Coronary Artery Disease: A Study by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

: As an endocrine organ, adipose tissue produces adipokines that influence coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of this study was to assess the potential value of CTRP5 and chemerin in differentiating coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) versus non-CAD. Secondarily, within the CCTA-confirmed CAD group, the aim was to investigate the relationship between the severity and extent of CAD, as determined by coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and the levels of CTRP5 and chemerin.

Thermal Characteristics and Kinetics of the Thermal Degradation of Sugar Beet Waste Leaves and Pulp in Relation to Chemical Composition.

Thermal characteristics of dried sugar beet pulp, leaves and leaf fractions obtained after extraction: fibrous leaf pulp and fibre rich leaf fraction, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The sugar beet samples showed a similar thermal behaviour associated with a similar composition. Two endotherms are found on the differential scanning calorimetry curves.

Resting-state electroencephalographic rhythms depend on sex in patients with dementia due to Parkinson's and Lewy Body diseases: An exploratory study.

Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are more prevalent in males than females. Furthermore, they typically showed abnormally high delta (< 4 Hz) and low alpha (8-10 Hz) rhythms from resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that those abnormalities may depend on the patient's sex.

One step synthesis of tryptophan-isatin carbon nano dots and bio-applications as multifunctional nanoplatforms.

The development of natural molecule-derived carbon nano dots (CNDs) marks a significant advancement in biocompatible and sustainable nanomaterials. Tryptophan, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), serves as a precursor to numerous pharmacologically active compounds, while isatin and its derivatives have demonstrated anti-tumor effects, including against brain cancers. This study aimed to synthesize fluorescent CNDs from tryptophan-isatin hybrid precursor and explore their applications in glioblastoma treatment.

The role of non-respiratory arousals in residual daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with positive airway pressure: An analysis of the European Sleep Apnea Database registry.

Study Objectives: To assess the impact of the non-respiratory arousal burden at baseline polysomnography (PSG) on residual daytime sleepiness in positive airway pressure (PAP)-treated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: We included OSA patients from the European Sleep Apnea Database registry with available arousal data who had at least 2 treatment follow-up visits. The primary outcome was the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score under PAP.

Prevalence of FGFR2b Protein Overexpression in Advanced Gastric Cancers During Prescreening for the Phase III FORTITUDE-101 Trial.

Purpose: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform IIIb (FGFR2b) protein overexpression is an emerging biomarker in gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC). We assessed FGFR2b protein overexpression prevalence in nearly 3,800 tumor samples as part of the prescreening process for a global phase III study in patients with newly diagnosed advanced or metastatic GC.

Methods: As of June 28, 2024, 3,782 tumor samples from prescreened patients from 37 countries for the phase III FORTITUDE-101 trial (ClinicalTrials.

Second Primary Neoplasms in Pediatric Cancer Survivors With Single Institution Experience From Turkey.

Background: This study aims to establish the characteristics of second primary neoplasms (SPNs) and the long-term follow-up status of a tertiary pediatric oncology center.

Methods: Records of 1799 patients followed up in the pediatric oncology division between January 1981 and December 2022 were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Thirty-four (1.