Advancing Metastatic Spine Tumor Research: A Review of AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor's Scientific Contributions Derived From the EPOSO Network, 2014-2024.

Study DesignNarrative Review.ObjectivesTo summarize the work of the AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor, specifically studies from the Epidemiology, Process and Outcomes in Spine Oncology (EPOSO) study.MethodsA narrative review of all published manuscripts from the EPOSO study was undertaken.

Temporal Dynamics of Depressive Symptoms, Apathy, Daily Activities, and Cognitive Decline in Older People From the General Population: A Network Analysis.

Background: The prevalence of depressive symptoms, apathy, and cognitive decline increases with age. Understanding the temporal dynamics of these symptoms could provide valuable insights into the early stages of cognitive decline, allowing for more timely and effective treatment and management.

Methods: Participants from the Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care (preDIVA) trial cohort with baseline and ≥3 follow-up measurements were included, with a median of 7.

Vasoplegia in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Current Definitions and Their Influence on Clinical Outcomes.

Objectives: To identify differences in the reported vasoplegia incidence, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and 30-day mortality rates as influenced by different vasoplegia definitions used in cardiac surgery studies.

Design: A systematic review was performed covering the period 1977 to 2023 using PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Emcare and a meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42021258328) was performed.

Setting And Participants: One hundred studies defining vasoplegia in cardiac surgery patients were systematically reviewed.

Atrial fibrillation development in the heart failure population from nationwide British linked electronic health records.

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent comorbidity in heart failure (HF). We analysed factors associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure using linked real-world UK data from primary and secondary care, along with findings from genome-wide association studies.

Methods And Results: Among 163 174 participants with a diagnosis of HF (January 1998 to May 2016) from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES), 111 595 participants had no previous history of AF (mean age 76.

Best Practices for Imaging of Transcatheter Valve Failure: An Update From the Heart Valve Collaboratory.

This updated Heart Valve Collaboratory framework addresses the growing concern for transcatheter valve failure (TVF) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). With the increasing volume of redo-TAV and surgical TAV explantation, there is a critical need for standardized pathways and protocols for evaluating TVF using echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiography. This document clarifies prior definitions of bioprosthetic valve deterioration and bioprosthetic valve failure in a practical, imaging directed context for TAVR.

Paper-immobilized liquid-phase microextraction for direct paper spray mass spectrometry and immuno-detection of atropine in baby food, buckwheat cereals, and edible oils at regulatory levels.

Background: Atropine is a strictly regulated natural toxin. Monitoring for atropine is thus important, but often expensive and time-consuming. Moreover, the range of relevant matrices, and corresponding differences in required detection limits for atropine vary.

Identifying promising peptide targets for leprosy serological tests: From prediction to ELISA.

Leprosy remains a significant health concern, particularly in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify novel Mycobacterium leprae antigens and assess their effectiveness against human sera through immunotools for antibody response evaluation.

Oncology: Brain asymmetries in language-relevant brain tumors.

Brain tumors are classified as rare diseases, with an annual occurrence of 300,000 cases and account for an annual loss of 241,000 lives, highlighting their devastating nature. Recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment have significantly improved the management and care of brain tumors. This chapter provides an overview of the common types of primary brain tumors affecting language functions-gliomas and meningiomas.

Large-scale genetic mapping for human brain asymmetry.

Left-right asymmetry is an important aspect of human brain organization for functions including language and hand motor control, which can be altered in some psychiatric traits. The last 5 years have seen rapid advances in the identification of specific genes linked to variation in asymmetry of the human brain and/or handedness. These advances have been driven by a new generation of large-scale genome-wide association studies, carried out in samples ranging from roughly 16,000 to over 1.

Asymmetries in the human brain.

The human brain is an intricate network of cortical regions interconnected by white matter pathways, dynamically supporting cognitive functions. While cortical asymmetries have been consistently reported, the asymmetry of white matter connections remains less explored. This chapter provides a brief overview of asymmetries observed at the cortical, subcortical, cytoarchitectural, and receptor levels before exploring the detailed connectional anatomy of the human brain.

The development of the Postdoctoral Nurses Competence Scale: A Delphi consensus and content validity study.

Background: PhD prepared nurses advance nursing science through research and integration of findings into practice. They demonstrate expertise in research, education, patient care, and policy. Various professional competencies are required for success in research, clinical practice, and education.

Assessing the link of malnutrition with diabetes and mortality risk in heart failure patients.

Aims: Malnutrition is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing the clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). Diabetes exacerbates risks like hospitalizations and mortality due to cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to explore the association of malnutrition with diabetes and its prognostic impact on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with HF, using the nutritional assessment tools, controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI).

Patterns and indications for quetiapine prescribing in Dutch primary care.

Background: Quetiapine, an antipsychotic, is registered for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and as an add-on therapy for major depressive disorder. Its anxiolytic and sedative effects make it attractive for off-label uses like insomnia, despite cardiovascular and metabolic side effects. The global increase in quetiapine use over the past decade warrants an examination of its prescribing patterns, especially off-label.

Exploring considerations for becoming a GP practice owner: a qualitative study.

Background: General practice owners are responsible for access to care 24 hours a day, but they can struggle to find associates or successors. Fewer practice owners means that the core value, continuity of care (COC), is at risk. However, little is known about the career considerations of young GPs and barriers and facilitators to become practice owners.

Improving peer review of systematic reviews and related review types by involving librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adding librarians and information specialists (LIS) as methodological peer reviewers to the formal journal peer review process on the quality of search reporting and risk of bias in systematic review searches in the medical literature.

Design: Pragmatic two-group parallel randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Three biomedical journals.

Mebeverine and the influence of labeling in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome or functional abdominal pain-NOS: a 2x2 randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Pediatric irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional abdominal pain - not otherwise specified (FAP-NOS) lack effective pharmacologic interventions. We evaluated the efficacy of mebeverine, an antispasmodic agent, and the effect of labeling within a pediatric cohort.

Methods: This randomized trial was conducted across 13 hospitals.

Fat absorption and metabolism after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Background: Triacylglycerol (TAG) plasma excursions after a high-fat meal are blunted after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We studied TAG absorption and metabolism in 12 RYGB-operated individuals and 12 unoperated controls (CON) matched on sex, age, and BMI.

Methods: Participants followed a 7-day controlled diet and on day 4 underwent H-MR Spectroscopy of liver TAG and a high-fat liquid meal with oral and intravenous labeled stable isotope metabolites, subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsies, and indirect calorimetry.

Maternal factors during pregnancy and pubertal timing in offspring: A systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: This systematic review aims to identify, assess the quality of and synthesize evidence on non-genetic maternal factors, such as psychological factors, lifestyle, nutrition, and endocrine conditions that may be associated with pubertal timing in male and female offspring.

Methods: The search was conducted in Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Web of Science. The reference lists of retrieved articles were checked to avoid missing relevant studies.

Comparative Analysis of CAD-CAM Workflow Variations on the Marginal and Internal Gaps and Fatigue Behavior of Ceramic and Resin Composite Dental Crowns.

Objectives:  To analyze the marginal/internal gap and the fatigue behavior of crowns made of two different materials, using four combinations of a digital workflow-two intraoral scanners (IOSs) and two milling machines.

Materials And Methods:  Crowns were made considering three factors: IOS (a confocal microscopy-based scanner: TRIOS 3-TR; or a combination of active triangulation and dynamic confocal microscopy: Primescan-PS), milling machines (four-axis: CEREC MC XL-CR or five-axis: PrograMill PM7-PM), and restorative material (lithium disilicate-LD or resin composite-RC) ( = 10). The bonding surface of each crown was treated and bonded to each respective glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin die using a dual-cure resin cement.

Does the Restoration Design and Material Affect Indirect Restorations' Marginal and Internal Gap, Interfacial Volume, and Fatigue Behavior?

Objectives:  This article evaluates the marginal and internal gap, interfacial volume, and fatigue behavior in computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations with different designs (crowns or endocrowns) made from lithium disilicate-based ceramic (LD, IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar AG) or resin composite (RC, Tetric CAD, Ivoclar AG).

Materials And Methods:  Simplified LD and RC crowns (-C) and endocrowns (-E) were produced ( = 10) using CAD-CAM technology, through scanning (CEREC Primescan, Dentsply Sirona) and milling (CEREC MC XL, Dentsply Sirona), and then adhesively bonded to fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin.

A Systematic Review of Air Pollution Exposure and Brain Structure and Function during Development.

Objectives: Air pollutants are known neurotoxicants. In this updated systematic review, we evaluate new evidence since our 2019 systematic review on the effect of outdoor air pollution exposure on childhood and adolescent brain structure and function as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus we conducted an updated literature search and systematic review of articles published through January 2025, using key terms for air pollution and functional and/or structural MRI.

Changes in neighbourhood walkability and incident CVD: a population-based cohort study of three million adults covering 24 years.

Background: To investigate the relationship between changes in residential neighbourhood walkability and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in adults.

Methods: Using data from Statistics Netherlands we included all Dutch residents aged 40 or older at baseline (2009), without a history of CVD, and who did not move house after baseline (n = 3,019,069). A nationwide, objectively measured walkability index was calculated for Euclidean buffers of 500m around residential addresses for the years 1996, 2000, 2003, 2006 and 2008.

Immune-developmental processes contribute to schizophrenia risk: insights from a genetic overlap study with height.

Background: Shorter stature has been phenotypically linked to increased prevalence of schizophrenia (SCZ), but the nature of this association is unknown.

Methods: Using genome-wide genetic data, we studied the SCZ-height relationship on a genetic level. Applying novel genetic methods and tools, we analyzed gene-sets, tissue-types, cell-types, local genetic correlation, conditional genetic analyses, and fine-mapping of effector-genes to scrutinize the SCZ-height relationship.

Multi-target analysis of synthetic phenolic compounds in human blood.

Synthetic phenolic compounds are widely used in plastics and personal care products, leading to potential high human exposure. This study aimed to develop two multi-target analytical methods to quantify phenolic compounds in human serum, including free and conjugated synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), bisphenols, parabens, and UV filters. The two methods were applied to 30 human serum samples from young adults (15 females and 15 males) living in Stockholm, Sweden.