Outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty After Periprosthetic Cyst Curettage and Bone Grafting.

Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become a popular management option for ankle arthritis. Periprosthetic osteolysis is one of the most common causes for reoperation in TAA. A CT scan should be done in all suspected osteolysis cases to confirm location, quantify size and aid in surgical planning.

Surgical Management of Latissimus Dorsi and Teres Major Tears in a Water-Skiing Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Tears of the latissimus dorsi and/or teres major tendons are uncommon, with no definitive management. Surgical repair has been reported in high-level athletes, mostly in baseball players. Simultaneous tears of both latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons are rare, with little known of surgical intervention outcomes.

The use of a 3D printed titanium implant for arthrodesis in the management of large osseous defects in the ankle.

Background: Large osseous defects (LOD) in the ankle occur because of multiple aetiologies. Advancement in 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies has led to the use of custom implants and instrumentation their management. A 3D printed patient-specific porous titanium cage which allows for peripheral osteo-integration and autogenous bone-grafting could be an ideal implant in these cases.

Foot and Ankle Injuries in Elite South African Cricketers: A Descriptive Analysis of Injury Surveillance Data.

Introduction: Injury surveillance is an important part of injury risk reduction in the sporting population. This study describes the type, side (dominant or non-dominant), occurrence, impact, activity of onset, and severity of foot and ankle injuries in elite South African male and female cricketers.

Methods: Foot and ankle injuries sustained by elite cricket players between 2018 and 2021, obtained from the records of Cricket South Africa, were descriptively analysed.

Real world demonstration of hand motor mapping using the structural connectivity atlas.

Background: Locating the hand-motor-cortex (HMC) is an essential component within many neurosurgeries. Despite advancements in these localization methods there are still downfalls for each. Additionally, the importance of presurgical planning calls for increasingly accurate and efficient methods of locating specific cortical regions.

Patient reported outcomes following revision neurectomy through a dorsal approach for recurrent interdigital neuroma.

Interdigital neuroma is one of the commonest causes of metatarsalgia. The reported success rate after excision of a primary neuroma is 74%. Recurrent symptoms after neurectomy can be due to a recurrent interdigital neuroma.

A Rare Case of Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus Muscle Presenting as Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is a relatively uncommon nerve entrapment neuropathy. Many pathologies are reported as possible causes for TTS. The diagnosis of TTS can be difficult and often missed.

Interventional neurorehabilitation for promoting functional recovery post-craniotomy: a proof-of-concept.

The human brain is a highly plastic 'complex' network-it is highly resilient to damage and capable of self-reorganisation after a large perturbation. Clinically, neurological deficits secondary to iatrogenic injury have very few active treatments. New imaging and stimulation technologies, though, offer promising therapeutic avenues to accelerate post-operative recovery trajectories.

Comparison of 2 Oblique Fifth Metatarsal Osteotomies for the Management of a Bunionette.

Background: A bunionette is a painful prominence of the fifth metatarsal head. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcome of 2 corrective osteotomies, namely, the Mau-type and Ludloff-type osteotomies. We report results with regard to correction, healing, complications, and patient-reported outcomes.

CT Scan Assessment and Functional Outcome of Periprosthetic Bone Grafting After Total Ankle Arthroplasty at Medium-term Follow-up.

Background: Periprosthetic cysts can occur in up to 95% of total ankle arthroplasties (TAA) and have been correlated with implant failure. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and radiologic outcomes, using computed tomographic (CT) scan, after periprosthetic cyst bone grafting and assess for the minimum cyst size that should be grafted.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all TAA procedures performed between 2007 and 2014 (n=93).

Knee scooter related injuries and satisfaction in patients following foot and ankle surgery.

Background: Knee scooters have become popular amongst foot and ankle surgeons for patients who are required to be non-weight bearing. Information is limited regarding falls and injuries sustained while using a knee scooter and potential contraindications to their use are ill-defined. No study has assessed patient reported injuries and satisfaction.

Radiographic Assessment of Relative First Metatarsal Length Following Modified Lapidus Procedure.

Background: The modified Lapidus is a surgical procedure for managing moderate to severe hallux valgus, especially in the presence of first tarsometatarsal joint arthritis or hypermobility. It has good long-term results but reportedly can lead to transfer metatarsalgia due to inherent shortening of the first metatarsal.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all adult patients who underwent a modified Lapidus procedure during a 3-year period was performed.

Morphology of the first metatarsal head as a risk factor for hallux valgus interphalangeus.

Background: The aetiology of hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) is not well understood. First metatarsophalangeal joint stability, influenced by first metatarsal head shape, may be linked to HVI. We hypothesised that first metatarsal head shape is a risk factor for HVI.

Association Between Plantar Fasciitis and Isolated Gastrocnemius Tightness.

Background: An association between plantar fasciitis and isolated gastrocnemius tightness (IGT) has been postulated in the literature; however, there have been few studies to prove this relationship. This prospective cross-sectional cohort study was aimed at determining the association between plantar fasciitis and IGT.

Methods: Three groups comprising 45 patients with plantar fasciitis (group 1), 117 patients with foot and ankle pathology other than plantar fasciitis (group 2), and 61 patients without foot and ankle pathology (group 3) were examined for the presence of IGT using the Silfverskiöld test.

The benefit of pharmacological venous thromboprophylaxis in foot and ankle surgery.

Background: Ten percent of patients with a deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) will develop a fatal pulmonary embolism (PE), often initially asymptomatic. The risks and benefits of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis are well documented in respect of total joint arthroplasty and hip fractures, but little is understood about the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or the potential risks and benefits of chemoprophylaxis in foot and ankle surgery.

Objective: To determine whether prophylactic chemoprophylaxis had any impact on the prevention of VTE in a cohort of foot and ankle surgical patients requiring the combination of below-knee cast immobilisation and non-weightbearing for ≥4 weeks.

Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dislocation: A Review and Suggested Classification.

Tibialis posterior tendon dislocation is a rarely described entity that is easily missed, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. A review of the English published data on the topic showed inconsistency in the reporting of injuries and surgical management techniques, leading us to describe a novel classification system to guide treatment and future reporting. We also describe a case of tibialis posterior tendon dislocation in a professional volleyball player and our surgical technique for correction, including retromalleolar groove deepening.

A radiographic analysis of the contribution of hallux valgus interphalangeus to the total valgus deformity of the hallux.

Background: The hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) deformity is described as rare, but improved outcomes in hallux valgus (HV) surgery is associated with its surgical correction via an Akin osteotomy. The hypothesis of this study is that HVI is common and makes a significant contribution to the total valgus deformity of the hallux (TVDH).

Methods: 285 pre-operative foot radiographs (193 with HV, 92 non-HV), utilising standardised radiographic and measurement techniques, were analysed retrospectively.

Cardiology-cardiothoracic subspeciality training in South Africa: a position paper of the South Africa Heart Association.

Over the past decades, South Africa has undergone rapid demographic changes, which have led to marked increases in specific cardiac disease categories, such as rheumatic heart disease (now predominantly presenting in young adults with advanced and symptomatic disease) and coronary artery disease (with rapidly increasing prevalence in middle age). The lack of screening facilities, delayed diagnosis and inadequate care at primary, secondary and tertiary levels have led to a large burden of patients with heart failure. This leads to suffering of the patients and substantial costs to society and the healthcare system.