Advancing Precision in Penile Length Measurement: Evidence-based Synthesis of Stretched Penile Length INdicator Technique (SPLINT).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence and propose a technique for estimation of stretched penile length (SPL) applicable to children.

Materials And Methods: This review has been conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were queried on penile length (PL) measurement techniques in humans published from 1990 onward.

The Normal Static Two-Point Discrimination in the Palmar Aspect of Hand in Adults and Children in a Sample Indian Population.

 The normal ability to distinguish two points from one is known as the two-point discriminative (2PD) sense. This forms an extremely important assessment in patient with injuries to the nerves distributed to the upper extremity.  The aim of this study was to estimate the normal reference values of static 2PD in healthy adults and children.

Normative Values for Thumb Length in Central Indian Adult Population.

 This article aims to establish the relative thumb length in comparison to the index finger in central Indian adults.  Five hundred normal adult hands (1,000 thumbs), 316 men and 184 women, mean age 30 years, were included in the study. The relative length of the thumb was measured using the length of the proximal phalanx of the index finger (thumb-proximal phalanx index) and the distance between the proximal digital crease and proximal interphalangeal crease of the index finger (thumb-digital crease index).

A Pilot Survey of Indian Stakeholders: Parents, Doctors, and Grown-Up Patients of Disorders of Sexual Differentiation on Management Decisions and Associated Gender Dysphoria.

Background And Aims: Of late, there are many legal representations from select quarters to halt all medical interventions in children with differences of sex development (DSD). In this survey on management decisions in DSD, we distil the views of Indian stakeholders: parents, physicians, and grown-up patients with DSD on their management decisions to identify decisional satisfaction or gender dysphoria.

Methods: The survey domains included the patient demographics, final diagnosis, decision on the sex of rearing, surgical interventions, opinion of the stakeholders on the preferred age of sex assignment, final sex of rearing, and agreement/disagreement about sex assignment (gender dysphoria).

Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation Classification for Structural Fetal Anomalies to Aid Antenatal Counseling: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this study was to propose Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation (MORE) as a risk based stratification to aid in antenatal parental counseling and decision making through a systematic review of published literature. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses compliant systematic review was conducted to include articles that covered antenatal counseling of pediatric surgical conditions. The following information was solicited for each anomaly: primary organ syste*-m of involvement, single or multi system anomaly, natural history of the disease, standard management of the anomaly, need for antenatal intervention, and whether the anomaly requires any alteration in the obstetric management.

Laparoscopic-Assisted Modified Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty for Rectobulbar Urethral Fistula of Anorectal Malformation: A Prospective Study.

Introduction: Laparoscopic anorectoplasty (LAARP) is useful for the management of rectoprostatic urethral fistula (RPUF), due to easier rectal mobilization, avoidance of posterior sagittal muscular incision, and shorter hospital stay. However, its role in rectobulbar urethral fistula (RBUF) is still debated as there is a chance of urethral diverticulum (UD), due to incomplete dissection. Laparoscopy-assisted modified posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (LAMPSARP) utilizes advantages of LAARP combined with fistula dissection using small sagittal incision preserving puborectalis.

A 10-Year Study of the Outcome of Wilms' Tumor in Central India and Identifying Practice Gaps.

Introduction: Despite remarkable improvement in Wilms' tumor (WT) survival in Western world, sub-optimal outcome in resource-constrained settings is influenced by late presentation, larger size, and poor access to treatment. This prompted us to study the outcome at a tertiary care center and to identify the global and local practice gaps.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, observational study of WT was conducted from October 2009 to September 2019 at a tertiary care setting.

"Comment on the article titled "Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission in postoperative infection and mortality: analysis of 14 798 procedures" by Elliott JA et al.

Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission in postoperative infection and mortality assumes great importance given the gradual re-booting of elective surgeries all over the world. It is interesting to see that laparoscopic surgery may be protective for nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 infection owing to reduced duration of hospital stay. For the same reason, the wider application of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols need to be explored.

Strategies for Optimizing the Use of PPE During Surgery in COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Scoping Review of Guidelines.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) plays a fundamental role in the prevention of spread to Health Care Professionals (HCP) ; especially in a surgical setting. This scoping review of surgery guidelines was performed to appraise the quality of appropriate PPE recommendations and propose a strategy to optimize the PPE usage. This rapid scoping review of guidelines on surgery during COVID-19 was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews protocol.

Comparison of 3D vs 2D laparoscopic-assisted anorectal pull-through (LAARP) for high anorectal malformations in children.

Introduction: The limitation of two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic techniques includes lack of stereoscopic vision and depth perception which can affect surgical performance, physical and mental comfort of the operating surgeon. 3D laparoscopic surgery is popular in adults; however, its application and experience in the pediatric age group have been limited. We did a comparison of 2D and 3D laparoscopic-assisted anorectal pull-through (LAARP) in male high anorectal malformations (ARM).

"GRASP" Module of Self-assessment with Virtual Mentoring for Uninterrupted Surgical Training During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Disruption in surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted many innovative "virtual" modules to address the loss of learning exposure during these difficult times. We suggest "GRASP" (Gain, Recognize, Analyze, Simulate, and Perform) module of self-assessment with virtual mentoring for uninterrupted surgical training. This idea merges the advantages of self-assessment and mentoring for the benefit of surgical trainees.

Rapid Scoping Review of Laparoscopic Surgery Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Appraisal Using a Simple Quality Appraisal Tool "EMERGE".

The theoretical danger of virus transmission during laparoscopic surgery (LS) via surgical smoke and laparoscopy gas has led to the formulation of many guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. This rapid scoping review of these guidelines was done to assess the quality of their evidence and appraise them for their impact on surgical services from the global south. A simple quality appraisal tool was constructed which can be used to evaluate rapidly emerging guidelines for evidence as well as for the needs of the global south.

Congenital upper auricular detachment: Report of two unusual cases.

Two unusual cases of congenital bilateral ear deformity have been presented. The deformity is characterized by upper auricular detachment on the right side with anotia on the left side in the first case and upper auricular detachment on the left side with normal ear on the right side in the second case. An attempt has been made to correlate the presented deformity with the embryological - foetal development of the auricle.

Autodestruction of penis due to carcinoma.

Four unusual cases of autodestruction of the penis are described with their aetiology, diagnosis and management. Causes for delay in diagnosis and therapy, prevention and early recognition of this condition are emphasized.

Correlation of trauma scoring systems with abdominal septic complications in abdominal trauma.

Introduction: Anatomical trauma scoring systems can predict the occurrence of postoperative abdominal septic complications (ASC) after major abdominal trauma; however, this has not been validated in any Indian study. We attempted such an evaluation in patients attending a teaching hospital in central India.

Method: A retrospective analysis of data from 169 patients who had undergone emergency laparotomy for penetrating or blunt abdominal injury between August 1996 and July 2001 was done.