Nutrients
June 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
We previously reported that a combined -inositol, probiotics, and enriched micronutrient supplement (intervention) taken preconception and in pregnancy reduced postpartum blood loss (PBL) and major postpartum hemorrhage compared with a standard micronutrient supplement (control), as secondary outcomes of the NiPPeR trial. This study aimed to identify the intervention components that may contribute to this effect. Associations of plasma concentrations of -inositol and vitamins B2, B6, B12, and D at preconception (before and after supplementation), early (~7-weeks), and late pregnancy (~28-weeks) with PBL were assessed by multiple linear regression, adjusting for site, ethnicity, preconception BMI, parity, and previous cesarean section.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem Toxicol
March 2023
Kühler Grund 48/1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
This opinion of the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) presents arguments for an updated risk assessment of diet-related exposure to acrylamide (AA), based on a critical review of scientific evidence relevant to low dose exposure. The SKLM arrives at the conclusion that as long as an appropriate exposure limit for AA is not exceeded, genotoxic effects resulting in carcinogenicity are unlikely to occur. Based on the totality of the evidence, the SKLM considers it scientifically justified to derive a tolerable daily intake (TDI) as a health-based guidance value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
June 2022
Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Max Rubner-Institut, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Subsequent to the dietary uptake of nitrate/nitrite in combination with acetaldehyde/ethanol, combination effects resulting from the sustained endogenous exposure to nitrite and acetaldehyde may be expected. This may imply locoregional effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract as well as systemic effects, such as a potential influence on endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC). Salivary concentrations of the individual components nitrate and nitrite and acetaldehyde are known to rise after ingestion, absorption and systemic distribution, thereby reflecting their respective plasma kinetics and parallel secretion through the salivary glands as well as the microbial/enzymatic metabolism in the oral cavity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
August 2021
Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
Alkylfurans have been found concurrently to furan in thermally processed food and might add to the overall exposure, thereby increase the health concern. The analytical methods developed for these compounds are based on gas chromatography separation coupled to mass spectrometry. Two of those alkylfurans, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-ethylfuran, are isomers, for which accurate quantification require either complete chromatographic separation or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
July 2021
Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
Since the addition of fluoride to drinking water in the 1940s, there have been frequent and sometimes heated discussions regarding its benefits and risks. In a recently published review, we addressed the question if current exposure levels in Europe represent a risk to human health. This review was discussed in an editorial asking why we did not calculate benchmark doses (BMD) of fluoride neurotoxicity for humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Nutr Food Res
April 2021
School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Scope: Lactoferrin (Lf), a sialylated milk glycoprotein, promotes early neurodevelopment and cognition. Functional concentrations of Lf, however, remain unknown. Our objective is to determine the concentration-dependency of Lf on genes associated with neurodevelopment and cognition in neonatal piglets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Biomed Anal
April 2021
Department of Orthopaedics & Trauma, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, Paddington, London, W2 1NY, UK; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address:
The impact of metabolism upon the altered pathology of joint disease is rapidly becoming recognized as an important area of study. Synovial joint fluid is an attractive and representative biofluid of joint disease. A systemic review revealed little evidence of the metabolic stability of synovial joint fluid collection, handling or storage, despite recent reports characterizing the metabolic phenotype in joint disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Res Food Sci
November 2020
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
The perception of some food attributes is related to mechanical stimulation and friction experienced in the tongue-palate contact during mastication. This paper reports a new bench test to measure friction in the simulated tongue-palate contact. The test consists of a flat PDMS disk, representing the tongue loaded and reciprocating against a stationary lower glass surface representing the palate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
October 2020
Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal. Electronic address:
Since Listeria monocytogenes has a high case-fatality rate, substantial research has been devoted to estimate its growth rate under different conditions of temperature, pH and water activity (a). In this study, published findings on L. monocytogenes growth in broth were extracted and unified by constructing meta-regression models based on cardinal models for (i) temperature (CM[T]), (ii) temperature and pH (CM[T][pH]), and (iii) temperature, pH and a (CM[T][pH][a]).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe session 'Advancing risk assessment science - Nutrition' at EFSA's third Scientific Conference 'Science, Food and Society' aimed to foster the ongoing debate on the extent to which single nutrients, whole foods and overall diets may impact human health in wealthy populations, and to explore how societal and technological developments could affect food choices and diets in the future. The overarching goal of the session was to discuss how dietary guidelines could evolve to account for the switch from single nutrient deficiencies to diseases of malnutrition in all its forms as the predominant public health concern in developed countries. Speakers addressed the contribution of single nutrients to the prevalence of chronic metabolic diseases, discussed the need to move towards diets focusing on whole foods and overall eating patterns, provided insides on food innovation and consumer behaviour and stressed the need for multidisciplinary approaches to face these challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Rheumatol
December 2020
Department of Orthopaedics & Trauma, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease contributing to significant disability and economic burden in Western populations. The aetiology of OA remains poorly understood, but is thought to involve genetic, mechanical and environmental factors. Currently, the diagnosis of OA relies predominantly on clinical assessment and plain radiographic changes long after the disease has been initiated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
May 2020
Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
Recently, epidemiological studies have suggested that fluoride is a human developmental neurotoxicant that reduces measures of intelligence in children, placing it into the same category as toxic metals (lead, methylmercury, arsenic) and polychlorinated biphenyls. If true, this assessment would be highly relevant considering the widespread fluoridation of drinking water and the worldwide use of fluoride in oral hygiene products such as toothpaste. To gain a deeper understanding of these assertions, we reviewed the levels of human exposure, as well as results from animal experiments, particularly focusing on developmental toxicity, and the molecular mechanisms by which fluoride can cause adverse effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
July 2020
Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
Next to furan, other alkylfurans such as 2- and 3-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, and 2-pentylfuran have been found concurrently in thermal processed food and fruit juices. To ensure an accurate quantification of these compounds, a method based on isotope dilution using all six respective internal standards and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was developed. Two injection techniques, static head space (HS) and solid phase micro extraction (SPME), were tested and compared for their performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Microbiol
May 2020
Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland. Electronic address:
Indirect impedance has been used for the detection and enumeration of bacteria, however there is limited data regarding the ability of the method to measure growth and inhibition of microorganisms in food in response to preservatives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the technique to determine maximum growth rates of Listeria innocua (used as a surrogate for Listeria monocytogenes) in complex food matrices to which multiple preservative factors had been applied and assess the suitability of the data for use in predictive microbiology. Growth of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Several intervention studies have investigated the relationship between cocoa flavanols and endothelial function. However, the shape of the association and the type of compounds responsible for the effects are largely unknown.
Objective: To examine the dose-response association between the consumption of cocoa flavanols and endothelial function, measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD).
J Colloid Interface Sci
October 2019
Nestec S.A., Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH 1000, Switzerland.
The on demand delivery of novel peptide actives, traditional pharmaceuticals, nutrients and/or vitamins is a ever present challenge due to the digestive and metabolic degradation of the active and the delivery vehicle. Biodegradable biopolymer hydrogels have long held promise as candidates for creating tailored release profiles due to the ability to control gel porosity. The present study describes the creation of novel hierarchical biopolymer hydrogels for the controlled release of lipids/lipophilic actives pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and mathematically describes the mechanisms that affect the timing of release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Nutr Res
May 2019
Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City 1631, The Philippines.
Background: Adequate nutrition during childhood and adolescence is essential to promote growth and development.
Objective: This study evaluated usual energy and nutrient intakes of Filipino schoolchildren and adolescents.
Design: Food and beverage intakes were collected from a nationally representative sample of schoolchildren aged 6-9 and 10-12 years ( = 3,594 and = 2,971, respectively) and adolescents aged 13-18 years ( = 5,447) using 24-h dietary recalls.
J Agric Food Chem
December 2019
Nestlé Product Technology Centre Orbe, Nestec, Limited , CH-1350 Orbe , Switzerland.
The formation pathways of α-diketones (2,3-butanedione and 2,3-pentanedione) and 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2)-furanone (HDMF) upon coffee roasting were investigated in a kinetic study applying labeled and unlabeled sucrose (CAMOLA approach) in biomimetic in-bean experiments. The results highlighted that not only did the contribution of sucrose to the level of α-diketones in roasted coffee change with the roasting degree but also the portion of the individual reaction pathways. At early roasting stages, 2,3-butanedione was formed from sucrose mainly via the intact sugar skeleton, whereas from the middle of the roasting course, the formation foremost occurred from sugar fragments, primarily by C/C and C/C recombinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
May 2019
a Nestlé Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc , Lausanne , Switzerland.
This paper reports the first results on depleting certain organochlorines from vegetable oils without the use of any solvent in order to mitigate monochloropropanediol diesters (MCDPE). The concept is based on separating the organochlorines from the bulk oil by using trapping agents (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
March 2019
Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are major components of breast milk that may have local effects in the gastrointestinal tract and systemic functions after being absorbed, both depending on their metabolism. Using preterm pigs, we investigated the metabolic fate of HMO in three experiments with two different HMO blends. In addition, we examined effects on the colonic microbiota in the presence or absence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
March 2019
Nestlé Nutrition R&D, 1800 Vevey, Switzerland.
The authors wish to make a correction to the published version of their paper [...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
February 2019
Nestlé Nutrition R&D, 1800 Vevey, Switzerland.
We thank Bernard and colleagues for their careful reading and interest in our article [...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
April 2019
Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fiber Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Food engineering faces the difficult challenge of combining taste, i.e., tailoring texture and rheology of food matrices with the balanced intake of healthy nutrients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExerc Immunol Rev
July 2019
Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos, Singapore.
Physical inactivity is one of the leading contributors to worldwide morbidity and mortality. The elderly are particularly susceptible since the features of physical inactivity overlap with the outcomes of natural aging - including the propensity to develop cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus, sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. The age-dependent loss of immune function, or immunosenescence, refers to the progressive depletion of primary immune resources and is linked to the development of many of these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtremophiles
May 2019
Institute of Technical Microbiology, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany.
DGGE analysis combined with a metagenomic approach was used to get insights into heterotrophic anoxic enrichment cultures of four hot springs of Vale das Furnas, Portugal, using the recalcitrant substrate spent coffee ground (SCG). Parallel enrichment cultures were performed using the major components of spent coffee ground, namely arabinogalactan, galactomannan, cellulose, and proteins. DGGE revealed that heterotrophic thermophilic bacteria are highly abundant in the hydrothermal springs and significant differences in community composition depending on the substrate were observed.
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