Comparison of blood volume biofeedback hemodialysis and conventional hemodialysis on cardiovascular stability and blood pressure control in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Despite the improvements in hemodialysis (HD) technology, 20-30% of sessions are still complicated by hypotension or hypotension-related symptoms. Biofeedback systems have proven to reduce the occurrence of such events, but no conclusive findings can lead to wider adoption of these systems. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to establish whether the use of blood volume tracking systems compared to conventional hemodialysis (C-HD) reduces the occurrence of intradialytic hypotension.