Clinical Management of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Italy: Results from the IRIDE Study.

Background: Lack of adequate management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) often results in delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment. This study assessed the clinical management and outcome of stages 1-5 CKD patients.

Methods: Patients were prospectively followed for 3 years in 25 nephrology centers across Italy.

Independent Role of Underlying Kidney Disease on Renal Prognosis of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease under Nephrology Care.

Primary kidney disease is suggested to affect renal prognosis of CKD patients; however, whether nephrology care modifies this association is unknown. We studied patients with CKD stage I-IV treated in a renal clinic and with established diagnosis of CKD cause to evaluate whether the risk of renal event (composite of end-stage renal disease and eGFR decline ≥ 40%) linked to the specific diagnosis is modified by the achievement or maintenance in the first year of nephrology care of therapeutic goals for hypertension (BP ≤ 130/80 mmHg in patients with proteinuria ≥ 1 50 mg/24h and/or diabetes and ≤ 140/90 in those with proteinuria <150 mg/24h and without diabetes) anemia (hemoglobin, Hb ≥ 11 g/dL), and proteinuria (≤ 0.5 g/24h).