Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for the treatment of systemic rheumatic diseases: a comprehensive review of recent literature.

Systemic rheumatoid diseases (SRDs) are autoimmune and inflammatory disorders that affect multiple organ systems, impacting patients' quality of life, and survival rates. Standard treatment requires continuous drug therapy and immunosuppression. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has the potential to target and eliminate pathologically activated immune cells and re-establish tolerance in organs affected by dysregulated immunity, making them a promising treatment option for autoimmune diseases.

Amiodarone-Induced Liver Attenuation on CT Scan: Alarming Signal for Toxicity and Prompt Discontinuation.

Amiodarone, a class III antiarrhythmic drug, is commonly used for the management of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, and other refractory supra-ventricular arrhythmias. Factors like a large volume of distribution, lipophilic property, deposition in tissues in large amounts, etc. have led to the development of amiodarone-induced multisystem adverse events.

Recurrent Non-cirrhotic Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy Due to Complicated Urinary Tract Infection: A Case Report.

Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HE) can be broadly defined as an alteration in the level of consciousness due to elevated blood ammonia level. While hepatic cirrhosis is the most common cause of HE, non-hepatic causes like drugs, infections, and porto-systemic shunts can also lead to the presentation. In this case, we highlight an unusual occurrence of recurrent non-cirrhotic HE from obstructive urinary tract infection (UTI) with urea-splitting micro-organisms in an elderly male patient.

Green Spectrophotometric Determination of Organophosphate in Selected Fruits and Vegetables.

A simple, sensitive, precise, and environmentally safe spectrophotometry method was developed and validated for the determination of organophosphate in various fruits and vegetables using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer using a magnesia mixture. The volume of reagent used for analysis and the stability of the color complex were also optimized. The drug showed a stable white color complex at 420 nm.

Extensive acute cutaneous graft versus host disease: A rare case report of survival.

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is an immunologically mediated condition seen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Because of the rarity of the disease, nonspecific presentation, and lack of clinicopathological correlation, its diagnosis is often delayed and prompt treatment is deferred, with increased mortality.

A rare case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kathmandu presenting with features of bacterial skin infection: A case report.

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by different species of genus Leishmania and transmitted by sandflies. Lesions of CL are most commonly present in the exposed areas, and the most familiar morphological type is papulo-nodular. The diagnosis of CL should be considered while dealing with common skin lesions, as well as encountering uncommon pathologies.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) responsive to mycophenolate mofetil: A case report from Nepal.

Introduction: An atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is an extremely rare and life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy. This disorder is caused by dysregulation of the alternative pathway of the complement system in association with genetic abnormalities or the development of autoantibodies. However, 30-50% of patients do not have genetic or acquired mutations in the complement system.

Intrauterine pregnancy with copper intrauterine contraceptive device in situ: A case report from Nepal.

Introduction: and importance: Intrauterine pregnancy on the background of intrauterine devices heralds its rare but possible failure. Despite having an excellent contraceptive pearl index, clients with copper-T may present with typical pregnancy symptoms.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 22 year primigravida who after 42 months of successful use of copper-T, conceived an intrauterine pregnancy diagnosed at 7 weeks period of gestation.

Delayed identification of massive pituitary apoplexy in pregnancy: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Pituitary apoplexy is a very rare cause of sudden and severe headache with a neuro-ophthalmic deficit during pregnancy due to hemorrhage or infarction in the pituitary gland. Delayed identification can be life-threatening to both mother and baby.

Case Presentation: A 40-year-old nulliparous female without any prior comorbidities in her 21 weeks of gestation presented with complaints of severe headache, vomiting, decreased vision, and altered sensorium for five days.

Factors Responsible for Prehospital Delay in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Bangladesh.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a cause of high morbidity and mortality among adults, despite advances in treatment. Treatment modality and outcomes of ACS mainly depend on the time yielded since the onset of symptoms. Prehospital delay is the time between the onset of myocardial ischemia/infarction symptoms and arrival at the hospital, where either pharmacological or interventional revascularization is available.

Intradural Extramedullary Cavernous Malformation of the Spinal Cord with Hemorrhagic Transformation and Rapid Expansion.

Intradural extramedullary cavernous malformations in the spinal cord are rarely occurring vascular lesions. Mostly they are clinically silent unless the hemorrhagic transformation causes subarachnoid hemorrhage or neurologic deficits. We report the case of a 51-year-old man who developed a headache and weakness of the lower limb.

Meningeal Signs and Cerebellar Involvement in Scrub Typhus: A Case Report.

Scrub typhus is an arthropod-borne fever that follows the bite of the larval form of Leptotrombidium mite carrying . It remains a serious health problem in the Asia-Pacific region. While it commonly presents as an undifferentiated fever with chills and an eschar, complications like pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and meningoencephalitis may cause scrub typhus to be fatal.

Drug-Induced Gum Overgrowth With Low-Dose Amlodipine: A Case Report.

Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is an adverse effect of certain drugs, including amlodipine, in genetically susceptible individuals. Although the exact mechanism of gingival hypertrophy remains unclear, a unifying multifactorial hypothesis has been constructed. Gingival hypertrophy causes difficulty in speech and mastication, poor oral hygiene, and poor aesthetic appearance.

Takayasu Arteritis Masquerading as Shoulder Pain: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Takayasu arteritis is a rare progressive chronic granular inflammation of the vessels that mainly affects the aorta and its branches. It is widely distributed in the world population and mainly involves young Asian women, manifesting as a systemic illness with myriads of cardiovascular signs and symptoms. The current case focuses on a young girl who had shoulder pain and weakness as the only manifestation of underlying Takayasu arteritis.

Growth Characteristics of Female Radiation/Clinical Oncologists in South Asia: Assessment of Gender Neutrality and Leadership Position.

Aim: To evaluate the temporal growth pattern of female radiation/clinical oncologists (FRCOs) and, if applicable, predict the gender neutrality in different countries of South Asia.

Materials And Methods: South Asia is composed of Afghanistan, Bhutan, Maldives, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The growth pattern of FRCOs in the latter five countries having radiation oncology facilities was evaluated from respective national registration data.

Antibiotics Self-Medication Practice Among Medical Students.

Background: Self-medication of antibiotics is common among healthcare students due to their knowledge of pharmacology of antibiotics, which produces a false sense of confidence in self-diagnosis of disease conditions. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the practice of self-medication with antibiotics among medical students.

Methods: This questionnaire based descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, Kathmandu from September 2019 to February 2020 on the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students.

Support for Introduction of Pediatric Endosurgery in Nepal as Global Pediatric Surgery: Preliminary Needs Assessment Survey.

Endosurgery provides several advantages over open surgery in the context of global surgery; however, there are several barriers to its introduction. The preliminary assessment of needs and barriers is essential for carrying out effective support as Global Surgery. However, no report has described the initiation of support for endosurgery based on a preliminary survey of the needs and barriers.

Cesarean Section in a Maternity Unit of a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Cesarean section is a common obstetric procedure which is done to reduce complications in high risk pregnancies. The aim of study was to find out the prevalence of cesarean section in a maternity unit of a tertiary care center.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 497 pregnant women presenting in a maternity unit of a tertiary center of Kathmandu, Nepal over a period of six months from March to August 2017 after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Ref.

Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Medicine Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: The best recognized systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease include, cardiovascular co-morbidities, cachexia and muscle dysfunction, osteoporosis, anemia, and clinical depression and anxiety. This study was undertaken to find the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients who were admitted in the medicine department of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the medicine department of Nepal Medical College and teaching hospital between October 2009 and January 2010.

Appendicitis as a presentation of COVID-19: A case report.

Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory symptoms and flu-like presentation are the most defined clinical manifestations. However, gastrointestinal symptoms with acute abdomen have been reported in a small percentage, occasionally mimicking acute appendicitis.

Laparoscopic management of isolated metachronous adrenal metastases in a patient with esophageal cancer: a case report.

Background: The presence of isolated metachronous adrenal metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer is rare. There is significant controversy regarding the management of such patients. Adrenal metastasectomy has been shown to be of benefit in some reports.

Histological Examination of Tissue Obtained in Early Pregnancy Loss.

Background It is a routine practice to send histological sample after surgical evacuation of early pregnancy loss. Objective This study was carried out to see the justification of regular histological study by carrying out the histological study of early pregnancy loss and to find the prevalence of gestational trophoblastic disease in early pregnancy loss. Method It was a descriptive prospective study, conducted in Nepal medical college teaching hospital from February to October 2020 in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department.

Colistin Resistance among Human Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Background Colistin is increasingly being used for treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections in human. The plasmid mediated mcr-1 gene was detected recently among the poultry in Nepal. Plasmid mediated colistin resistance among human isolates would severely compromise the treatment of MDR bacterial infections.