Intranasal midazolam Vs ketamine as premedication in paediatric surgical procedure for child separation and induction.

In children pre-anaesthetic medications are frequently administered as pharmacological adjunctions to help alleviate the stress and fear of surgery as well as to ease child parental separation and promote a smooth induction. Oral, rectal, intravenous and intramuscular route has been used; however each route has its disadvantage. Pre-anaesthetic medication administered intranasal for avoidance of painful injection have made it a convenient way to pre-medication.

Study on etiological factors on mental retardation in Kathmandu.

The study of etiological factors on mental retardation was conducted at family counselling and resource school of Association of Welfare of Menta+lly Retarded (AWMR), Hattisar, Kathmandu. A total of 91 mental retarded cases were studied in the year 2000 and 2001 for etiological factors. The present study shows significant relationship of mental retardation and age in both the year.

An overview of reproductive health of women in Bajhang district.

Reproductive health is not merely an absence of disease or disorder, rather it is a condition in which reproductive process is accomplished in a state of complete physical, mental and social well being according to WHO. Reproductive morbidity encompasses obstetric morbidity including conditions during pregnancy, delivery and the post-partum period; and gynecological morbidity including conditions of the reproductive tract such as reproductive-tract infections, cervical cell changes, genital prolapse, malignancies and infertility. The first step towards achieving the needs of women as consumers and providers is to do baseline research so that the nature and magnitude of the problem is assessed.

Making unsafe abortion safe: medical method.

WHO reported 13.0% of maternal deaths are related to unsafe abortion in developing world. To improve this, medical method of abortion has been in clinical use for over a decade.

Analysis of mastalgia cases presented at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.

Breast pain (Mastalgia) is a common cause of anxiety among women and frequently leads to a primary care clinic for consultation. This study has been designed to study about mastalgia cases presented at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. A total of 221 female patients with breast pain presented at outpatient department of surgery from Jan 2000 to Dec 2001 were enrolled in this study.