33 results match your criteria: "Neoplastic Lumbosacral Plexopathy"
Jt Dis Relat Surg
March 2024
Ankara Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Kliniği, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye.
Cureus
December 2023
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Cureus
March 2023
Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central - Hospital de São José, Lisbon, PRT.
Lumbosacral plexopathy (LSP) encompasses a group of disorders affecting post-ganglionic fibers derived from the L1-S4 roots. The differential diagnosis is challenging and includes other neuropathies of medullary, radicular, or peripheral origin. Defining the etiology is equally crucial, as LSP management relies on its cause.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
May 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Gonda 8-214, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil
January 2023
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: When a patient with a prior history of malignancy and radiotherapy develops progressive weakness as a presentation of plexus involvement, the differential diagnosis usually rests between radiation-induced plexopathy and invasion from recurrent tumor. The presence of myokymic discharges is helpful in differentiating radiation-induced from neoplastic plexopathy.
Objective: To present a case report of a patient with chordoma, a locally aggressive tumor, who was diagnosed with recurrent tumor accompanied by the occurrence of myokymia in needle electromyographic examination.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
September 2022
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Acta Neurochir (Wien)
June 2022
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
Background: Perineural spread (PNS) of tumors from pelvic malignancies is a rare phenomenon but constitutes an important differential diagnosis of lumbosacral plexopathy (LSP). Herein, we describe the clinical and imaging features of patients with LSP due to PNS of pelvic malignancies along with a literature review.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 9 cases of LSP caused by PNS of pelvic malignancy between January 2006 and August 2021, and all clinical and imaging parameters were recorded in detail.
Neurol Sci
May 2022
Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Though metastasis and malignant infiltration of the peripheral nervous system is relatively rare, physicians should have a familiarity with their presentations to allow for prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment. This article will review the clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of neoplastic involvement of the cranial nerves, nerve roots, peripheral nerves, and muscle. Due to the proximity of the neural structure traversing the skull base, metastasis to this region results in distinctive syndromes, most often associated with breast, lung, and prostate cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Neurophysiol Pract
August 2020
Electromyography Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Diseases of the brachial and lumbosacral plexus are uncommon and complex. The diagnosis of plexopathies is often challenging for the clinician, both in terms of localizing a patient's symptoms to the plexus as well as determining the etiology. The non-specific clinical features and similar presentations to other root, nerve, and non-neurologic disorders emphasize the importance of a high clinical index of suspicion for a plexopathy and comprehensive clinical evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld Neurosurg
September 2020
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Adenocarcinomas of müllerian origin are malignancies derived from tissues of the proximal third of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. These organs develop from the embryologic müllerian ducts. While reports of perineural spread of certain uterine and cervical carcinomas exist in the literature, to our knowledge, no reports of clear cell-type müllerian adenocarcinoma presenting with neural invasion of the lumbosacral plexus exist in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHandb Clin Neurol
July 2018
Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address:
Cancer in the form of solid tumors, leukemia, and lymphoma can infiltrate and metastasize to the peripheral nervous system, including the cranial nerves, nerve roots, cervical, brachial and lumbosacral plexuses, and, rarely, the peripheral nerves. This review discusses the presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options for metastatic lesions to these components of the peripheral nervous system and is organized based on the anatomic distribution. As skull base metastases (also discussed in Chapter 14) result in cranial neuropathies, these will be covered in detail, as well as cancers that directly infiltrate the cranial nerves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
March 2018
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Background: Perineural spread (PNS) of pelvic cancer along the lumbosacral plexus is an emerging explanation for neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy (nLSP) and an underestimated source of patient morbidity and mortality. Despite the increased incidence of PNS, these patients are often times a clinical conundrum-to diagnose and to treat. Building on previous results in modeling glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), we present a mathematical model for predicting the course and extent of the PNS of recurrent tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Focus
September 2015
Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.
OBJECT Perineural spread along pelvic autonomie nerves has emerged as a logical, anatomical explanation for selected cases of neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy (LSP) in patients with prostate, bladder, rectal, and cervical cancer. The authors wondered whether common radiological and clinical patterns shared by various types of pelvic cancer exist. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed their institutional series of 17 cases concluded as perineural tumor spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Orthop Traumatol Turc
July 2015
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Postoperative radiculopathy has previously been reported as a common complication of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). However, no data has been published on lumbar plexopathy following TLIF. We present a rare case of lumbar plexopathy occurring following TLIF (L5-S1) in a patient with spondylolisthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg
April 2015
Departments of 1 Neurosurgery.
Perineural tumor spread in prostate cancer is emerging as a mechanism to explain select cases of neurological dysfunction and as a cause of morbidity and tumor recurrence. Perineural spread has been shown to extend from the prostate bed to the lumbosacral plexus and then distally to the sciatic nerve or proximally to the sacral and lumbar nerves and even intradurally. The authors present a case of a bilateral neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy that can be explained anatomically as an extension of the same process: from one lumbosacral plexus to the contralateral one utilizing the dural sac as a bridge between the opposite sacral nerve roots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
December 2014
Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
We present two cases of biopsy-proven neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy from perineural spread of bladder cancer: one patient presented with predominantly sciatic nerve involvement and the second predominantly with obturator nerve involvement. These two patterns of perineural spread from bladder cancer were supported by imaging in our cases and solidified by review of the literature. Based on the innervation of the bladder, we provide an anatomic explanation for this observation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: This article provides an up-to-date review of the clinical features and pathogenesis of different types of lumbosacral plexopathy and a clinical approach to their evaluation and management. Often, the pathologic involvement is not limited to the plexus and also involves the root and nerve levels. These conditions are called lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStereotact Funct Neurosurg
January 2015
Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Pain from neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy is resistant to conventional pain treatment. According to a recent review of destructive procedures for cancer pain, only cordotomy has been reported to play an important role in the treatment of cancer pain. To date, the effectiveness of dorsal rhizotomy, which selectively interrupts pain transmission, has not been shown in neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiographics
February 2014
Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science and Department of Plastic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 601 N Caroline St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
The lumbosacral plexus comprises a network of nerves that provide motor and sensory innervation to most structures of the pelvis and lower extremities. It is susceptible to various traumatic, inflammatory, metabolic, and neoplastic processes that may lead to lumbrosacral plexopathy, a serious and often disabling condition whose course and prognosis largely depend on the identification and cure of the causative condition. Whereas diagnosis of lumbrosacral plexopathy has traditionally relied on patients' medical history, clinical examination, and electrodiagnostic tests, magnetic resonance (MR) neurography plays an increasingly prominent role in noninvasive characterization of the type, location, and extent of lumbrosacral plexus involvement and is developing into a useful diagnostic tool that substantially affects disease management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Rehabil Med
December 2011
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea.
Objective: To ascertain the etiology of non-traumatic plexopathy and clarify the clinical, electrophysiological characteristics according to its etiology.
Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of 63 non-traumatic plexopathy patients that had been diagnosed by nerve conduction studies (NCS) and needle electromyography (EMG). Clinical, electrophysiological, imaging findings were obtained from medical records.
Semin Neurol
July 2010
Department of Neurology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA.
Metastatic plexopathy is often a disabling accompaniment of advanced systemic cancer, and may involve any of the peripheral nerve plexuses. Brachial plexopathy most commonly occurs in carcinoma of the breast and lung; lumbosacral plexopathy is most common with colorectal and gynecologic tumors, sarcomas, and lymphomas. Neoplastic plexopathy is often characterized initially by severe, unrelenting pain followed by development of weakness and focal sensory disturbances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
September 2010
Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Gonda 8S-214, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Background: Prostate adenocarcinoma, which may recur despite aggressive treatment, has the potential to spread to the lumbosacral plexus. This intraneural involvement is not widely known and is thought to be from direct perineural spread. We hypothesized that high-resolution imaging could provide supportive evidence for this mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuscle Nerve
November 2006
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy occurs with some abdominal and pelvic malignancies. Patients present with severe pain radiating from the low back down to the lower extremities, and this progresses to weakness. Neoplastic lumbosacral plexopathy is virtually always associated with known malignancy or obvious pelvic metastatic disease.
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