Child maltreatment mortality in Canada: An analysis of coroner and medical examiner data.

Background: Fatalities are the most severe consequence of child maltreatment, but there are gaps in what is known about the epidemiology of such deaths in Canada.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) identify child maltreatment deaths among those classified as homicide or undetermined manner; (2) estimate rates of child maltreatment mortality by sex, age, geography, and year; and (3) measure differences between rates of child maltreatment mortality and homicide mortality.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional design and analyzed mortality data from the Canadian Coroner and Medical Examiner Database for a ten-year period (2007 to 2016).

Intracranial findings associated with low odds of retinal hemorrhage among children under 2 years of age at a single pediatric trauma center.

Background: Evaluation by a pediatric ophthalmologist to look for retinal hemorrhages (RH) is often part of screening for occult injury among young children with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) presenting to a trauma center. While important, this examination may lengthen the time a child and family remain at the hospital.

Objective: We sought to identify injury patterns associated with a low likelihood of RH, which may help streamline child abuse screening protocols for very young children with ICH.

[The status of violence against children in China, 2013-2021].

This study aims to obtain the prevalence and features associated with Violence Against Children (VAC) in China and, thus, formulate a prevention strategy. The mortality-related data of VAC was sourced from the National Disease Surveillance Points System (DSP) during 2013-2021. We analyzed the DSP data regarding children aged 0-17 years old who died from violence.

Neonatal chemical burns and child neglect.

Differential diagnosis of agents of chemical burns can be challenging in neonates, especially in absence of a clear history of the event. A wide variety of chemical agents, from acids to basics, can be involved. Massive chemical burns over 21% of the body surface of a four-day-old male neonate were observed.

Evaluation of a Child Abuse Screen Performed by Nurses Among Young Children with Fractures Seen in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

Aims: To assess institutional compliance with, and test characteristics of, a child abuse screen performed by emergency department (ED) nurses for children <5 years old who were diagnosed with fractures.

Methods: A secondary analysis of a retrospective observational study of children 0-5 years old with fractures seen at a pediatric ED between January 2018 and April 2023 was performed. We analyzed demographics, ED visit data, and results of the nurse-completed abuse screen.

A Rare Case:Transphyseal Distal Humerus Fracture in a Newborn.

Transphyseal fractures of the distal humerus are usually seen in children younger than 3 years of age and are considered as Salter-Harris Type I epiphysiolysis. Neonatal transphyseal distal humerus injuries are extremely rare. It usually occurs due to trauma during difficult labour but can also be seen after child abuse.

Evaluating the real-world implementation of the Family Nurse Partnership in England: a data linkage study.

Background/objectives: The Family Nurse Partnership is an intensive home visiting programme for adolescent mothers. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Family Nurse Partnership on outcomes up to age 7 using national administrative data.

Design: We created a linked cohort of all mothers aged 13-19 using data from health, educational and children's social care and defined mothers enrolled in the Family Nurse Partnership or not using Family Nurse Partnership system data.

Mortality rates, cause and risk factors in people with spina bifida, register-based study over five decades.

Aim: Care for people with spina bifida can be improved. This may be done by evaluating mortality rates and causes of death.

Methods: Between 1973 and 2021, 1735 people with spina bifida appeared in registers of the Swedish population.

Urinalysis in Suspected Child Abuse Evaluation in the Emergency Department.

Background: Intra-abdominal injury (IAI) is the second leading cause of mortality in abused children. It is challenging to identify in young patients due to their limited verbal skills, delayed symptoms, less muscular abdominal wall, and limited bruising.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 0 to 12 months who were evaluated in the emergency department for suspected child abuse with a skeletal survey and urinalysis between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017.

Pediatric Trauma Recidivism: A Statewide Risk Factor Analysis of the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (HSCRC).

Background: National estimates suggest pediatric trauma recidivism is uncommon but are limited by short follow up and narrow ascertainment. We aimed to quantify the long-term frequency of trauma recidivism in a statewide pediatric population and identify risk factors for re-injury.

Methods: The Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission Dataset was queried for 0-19-year-old patients with emergency department or inpatient encounters for traumatic injuries between 2013 and 2019.

Youth Experiencing Parental Death Due to Drug Poisoning and Firearm Violence in the US, 1999-2020.

Importance: Youth (those aged <18 years) parental death has been associated with negative health outcomes. Understanding the burden of parental death due to drug poisoning (herein, drugs) and firearms is essential for informing interventions.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of youth parental death due to drugs, firearms, and all other causes.

Pediatric and Young Adult Trauma Recidivism.

Introduction: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among children. Much can be gleaned from the adult literature in understanding the characteristics that lead to recidivism in efforts to establish interventions for prevention. Our study aims to evaluate the rates, demographics, and features of pediatric trauma recidivism.

Abusive head trauma and crying infant-Public awareness of newborn and infant trauma.

Aim: Crying seems to be a common trigger for abusive head trauma (AHT), which is the leading cause of fatalities from physical abuse in infants. Our objective was to evaluate knowledge of AHT, crying infants and correct behavioural measures in a general population.

Methods: An online questionnaire (LimeSurvey) was created to assess the risk of shaking.

The prevalence of alcohol-related deaths in autopsies performed in Lithuania between 2017 and 2020: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Consumption of alcohol is a risk factor for non-communicable and infectious diseases, mental health problems, and can lead injuries and violence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of alcohol-involved deaths among decedents who died of external causes and underwent autopsy in Lithuania.

Methods: Study includes age persons of any age (from 0 to 110 years) who died and were autopsied in Lithuania from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020.