826 results match your criteria: "Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsies"
Comparison of Latissimus Dorsi versus Teres Major Tendon Transfer to Restore External Rotation of the Shoulder in Patients with Erb Palsy.
J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol
December 2024
Alzhraa University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
The transfer of latissimus dorsi (LD) and teres major (TM) have been described for restoration of external rotation (ER) and shoulder abduction in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP). The aim of this prospective randomised study is to compare the outcomes of LD versus TM transfer in the treatment of internal rotation contracture of the shoulder in children with NBPP. The study was conducted from February 2014 to January 2018 and included NBPP patients with internal rotation contracture of the shoulder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical treatment of neonatal brachial plexus palsy: A cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database.
Childs Nerv Syst
December 2024
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, 601 Fifth Street South, Suite 611, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
Purpose: This study aims to explore demographic disparities, regional and institutional variations, surgical timing, narcotic use, and management trends in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) patients due to limited published literature.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database of NBPP patients who underwent surgery within the first 2 years of life. Patients were stratified into two groups based on age at surgery: ≤ 8 months and > 8 months.
Upper limb kinematics in patients with neonatal brachial plexus palsy with different levels of palsy.
Clin Biomech (Bristol)
November 2024
Sorbonne Université, Pediatric Orthopaedics Department, Hospital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Neonatal brachial plexus palsy is a common condition that leads to varying degrees of joint limitations in affected patients, and this study aims to analyze the kinematic differences between these patients and healthy controls.
- The research involved 33 patients with different levels of brachial plexus palsy, with kinematic data collected through an electromagnetic device to assess arm movement and motion range.
- Significant differences in arm kinematics were found between the patient groups and healthy controls, indicating that the extent of the palsy affects scapular protraction, glenohumeral elevation, and elbow flexion during various tasks.
Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy and Functional Implications: Which Joint in the Upper Extremity Is More Closely Associated?
Medicina (Kaunas)
November 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between the active range of motion (ROM) of the affected upper extremity and functional capacity in children with Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy (OBPP) who have undergone the modified Hoffer tendon transfer technique. The study cohort comprised 52 children with OBPP, aged 4-14 years, who had undergone a shoulder tendon transfer. The ROM was quantified using a goniometer, while functionality was evaluated through the administration of the Brachial Plexus Outcome Measure (BPOM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKinematic Analysis of Reaching Tasks at Different Execution Speeds in Children with Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy.
J Mot Behav
November 2024
Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
The aim of this study was to compare the kinematics of reaching tasks at different speeds between children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) and unaffected controls. This cross-sectional study included thirteen children with NBPP (10 ± 2 years old, of which six had upper Erb's palsy and seven had extended Erb's palsy) matched for age and sex with thirteen unaffected controls. Kinematic data were acquired using a Motion Monitor unit with a 3D motion tracking electromagnetic system (Liberty, Polhemus).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors associated with neonatal brachial palsy in shoulder dystocia: a longitudinal study.
Ginekol Pol
October 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Murcia, Crtra. Cartagena-Madrid s/n El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on analyzing the factors that contribute to brachial plexus injury (BPI) in newborns after shoulder dystocia (SD) during deliveries at a tertiary hospital from 2019 to 2020.
- Out of 13,414 deliveries, there were 69 cases of SD, with a 0.65% incidence; significant associations for BPI included maternal obesity, prolonged SD resolution, and operative delivery.
- Recovery from BPI was linked to clavicle fractures and specialized rehabilitation, highlighting the importance of addressing both delivery techniques and postnatal care.*
Open Anterior Subscapularis Release for Adduction and Medial Rotation Shoulder Contracture in Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy.
Afr J Paediatr Surg
September 2024
Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Abderrahim Harouchi Mother and Child Hospital, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the effectiveness of open anterior subscapularis release surgery in children over 12 months with unresolved neonatal brachial plexus palsy, focusing on improving shoulder contracture.
- Results showed a significant improvement in shoulder function scores and movements such as abduction and lateral rotation, with notable enhancements in activities like bringing hands to the mouth and head.
- The findings indicate that children with more severe injuries experience greater functional recovery after surgery, although there was no significant change in medial rotation of the shoulder.
Epidemiology of Brachial Plexus Birth Injury and the Impact of Cesarean Section on Its Incidence.
J Pediatr Orthop
January 2025
Division of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Article Synopsis
- This study updated knowledge on the epidemiology and risk factors associated with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) in the U.S. from 1997 to 2019, revealing stable incidence rates of BPBI and C-sections during this period.
- Findings indicated that cesarean delivery offered protection against BPBI, particularly for newborns with larger birth weights, while shoulder dystocia emerged as the most significant risk factor for BPBI.
- Other independent risk factors included Medicaid insurance coverage, female sex, and non-White race, with a strong correlation observed between BPBI rates and C-section rates over time.
Surgical Repair of Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injuries: A Case Series and Discussion of the Current Literature.
World Neurosurg
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, Florida, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate factors that influence the success of surgical reconstruction for obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) by reviewing the medical records of 27 patients treated by a single pediatric neurosurgeon.
- Out of the 27 patients, 22 had sufficient follow-up data; most showed significant postoperative improvement in upper trunk functions, as measured by Mallet grades, with notable shifts in abduction, external rotation, and hand-to-mouth abilities.
- The findings suggest that brachial plexus reconstruction is generally effective, but patients with more severe injuries may have poorer outcomes, and optimal timing for surgery remains unclear.
Current Concepts in Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
August 2024
From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.
Article Synopsis
- Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) causes upper extremity paralysis in infants due to various maternal and neonatal factors, with many children experiencing long-term functional limitations despite potential for recovery.
- This review summarizes findings from a literature search on BPBI's anatomy, clinical presentation, treatment, and the need for specialized care.
- It emphasizes the necessity of timely referrals to expert clinics, ongoing research for improved diagnostics, and the vital collaboration between healthcare providers and families to enhance care and outcomes for affected infants.
Article Synopsis
- The text refers to a correction for a previously published article, helping to clarify or update its content.
- The DOI number indicates the specific article in question for easy reference.
- This correction ensures that readers have the most accurate and reliable information related to that publication.
Shoulder external rotation contracture following neonatal brachial plexus injury.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg
January 2025
Pediatric Hand Surgery and Microsurgery Unit, HM Nens "Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria HM Hospitales" Barcelona, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the prevalence of posterior glenohumeral contractures and scapular winging in children with residual neonatal brachial plexus injury (NBPI), emphasizing their impact on essential functions like feeding and hygiene.
- A retrospective analysis of 262 children was conducted over three years, measuring various angles to assess the severity of contractures and comparing two groups based on arm mobility (Belly- and Belly+).
- Results indicate that glenohumeral contractures are common, particularly in those with global injuries, but prior surgical procedures did not show a link to increased severity of these contractures.
Investigating the effect of anatomical variations in the response of the neonatal brachial plexus to applied force: Use of a two-dimensional finite element model.
PLoS One
May 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- - The brachial plexus is a group of nerves crucial for upper limb movement, and injuries during childbirth can lead to Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy, but studying these injuries in infant cadavers is ethically difficult.
- - Finite Element Models (FEM) serve as an alternative method for analyzing the effects of stress and strain on the brachial plexus by creating virtual models using software like ABAQUS, focusing particularly on the C5 and C6 nerve roots.
- - The study aims to validate this model against existing literature and assess how slight changes in nerve root angles significantly influence stress levels, marking the start of developing a comprehensive 3D model to better understand the risk factors for Neonatal
The Putti Sign Following Residual Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: Prevalence and Significance.
J Pediatr Orthop
September 2024
Hand Surgery and Microsurgery Department, Farallones Clinic, Christus Health, Cali, Colombia.
Article Synopsis
- The Putti sign, a deformity linked to brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI), appears in 27% of affected children, indicating a common occurrence.
- The study found a confirmed correlation between the Putti sign and glenohumeral adduction contractures, with a significant functional impact noted, especially in activities requiring external rotation.
- No significant differences in prevalence of the Putti sign were observed among different age groups, emphasizing the importance of addressing its functional implications rather than just its cosmetic appearance.
Quantitative Musculoskeletal Imaging of the Pediatric Shoulder.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil
October 2024
From the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (CMAC, JL, BAS); University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, College of Applied Health Sciences, Urbana, Illinois (JL); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (JS); Shriners Children's Chicago, Pediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chicago, Illinois (SM); Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (ALS); Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (BAS).
Article Synopsis
- Pediatric shoulder pain and dysfunction can stem from both congenital and acquired conditions, but imaging techniques to assess these issues in children aren't as advanced as those for adults.!
- The review focuses on promising quantitative imaging applications for common pediatric shoulder problems like brachial plexus birth palsy and recurrent shoulder instability, while also considering shoulder growth and development.!
- It also emphasizes the current state of quantitative imaging in pediatric care and identifies areas where improved imaging methods could enhance patient care.
How to follow up patients with brachial plexus birth palsy in the long term: a survey of expert opinion.
J Hand Surg Eur Vol
December 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen and Heerlen, The Netherlands.
There is no generally accepted diagnostic, treatment and follow-up algorithm for brachial plexus birth palsy in the current literature. This study evaluates the opinion of experts in the field of brachial plexus birth palsy surgery, to provide a follow-up guideline. A total of 35 experts attending an international meeting with a mean of 21.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease spectrum of torticollis in children and diagnostic flowchart: A retrospective, single-centre study.
J Paediatr Child Health
June 2024
Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- - This study aimed to outline the different types of torticollis in Chinese children and enhance the diagnostic process for this condition.
- - Researchers analyzed data from 2047 patients treated from 2017 to 2021, finding that congenital muscular torticollis was the most common diagnosis, particularly in younger children.
- - The findings suggest a need for collaboration among various medical specialties to improve torticollis diagnosis and management in pediatric patients.
Indicated vs universal third-trimester ultrasound examination in low-risk pregnancies: a pre-post-intervention study.
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM
May 2024
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (Dr Roberts, Mr Hotra, Drs Soto, Sibai, Blackwell, and Chauhan).
Article Synopsis
- In low-risk pregnancies, third-trimester ultrasounds are typically done when fundal height and gestational age discrepancies arise; previous studies show that universal ultrasounds don't significantly improve neonatal or maternal outcomes compared to indicated ones.
- The study aimed to see if universal third-trimester ultrasounds could reduce adverse neonatal outcomes and whether they could better detect issues with fetal growth or amniotic fluid.
- Conducted at nine locations, the study compared results from a pre-implementation period with indicated ultrasounds to a post-implementation period where all low-risk pregnancies received ultrasounds at 36-37.6 weeks, allowing clinicians to act on any abnormalities found.
Brachial plexus birth injuries: a multi-speciality approach. Commentary and opinions.
J Hand Surg Eur Vol
May 2024
The Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The management of brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBI) is complex and evolving, with ongoing debates over its causes, demographics, and treatment methods.
- A variety of studies highlight differences in how BPBI is approached based on available resources and geographic location, leading to varying outcome measures.
- Future research should aim to establish standardized measurement methods and consistent surgical techniques to improve guidelines and reduce the occurrence of BPBI.
Timing of induction of labor in suspected macrosomia: retrospective cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
October 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of early induction of labor (IOL) on maternal and neonatal outcomes for large-for-gestational age (LGA) fetuses, addressing concerns over increased rates of Cesarean deliveries and complications.
- It consists of a retrospective cohort study involving patients with singleton pregnancies and a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing IOL with expectant management in LGA cases.
- Results show that while the overall risk of Cesarean delivery was higher for IOL patients, this difference became significant only after 40 weeks of gestation.
Rehabilitation protocols in neonates undergoing primary nerve surgery for upper brachial plexus palsy: A scoping review.
Microsurgery
March 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Surgical management for severe neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) is advised within the first 6 months to enhance arm function, but post-surgery rehabilitation is not well studied.
- This scoping review identifies various rehabilitation techniques linked to different microsurgical approaches, categorizing them as "passive," "active," or focused on initial motor recovery.
- Results showed that rehab often started about 22 days after surgery, with notable differences in therapy emphasis between methods; 75% of nerve transfer studies included active treatments, while only 27.7% of exploration studies did.
Brachial plexus birth injury: advances and controversies.
J Hand Surg Eur Vol
June 2024
Department of Neurosurgery/Leiden Nerve Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- * Recent advancements in diagnostic and surgical treatments have improved the management of brachial plexus birth palsy, focusing on imaging, timing for surgery, nerve transfers, and physiotherapy.
- * The article reviews current evidence and challenges in treatment approaches, acknowledging the complexities and uncertainties in care decisions.
Prevalence and predictors of elbow flexion contractures during early childhood following brachial plexus birth injury.
J Hand Ther
September 2024
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Elbow flexion contractures are common in school-age children with brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBI), often starting between 2-4 years, but early childhood prevalence and development are not well understood.
- A study reviewed data from children with BPBI under 4 years old to assess the prevalence and predictors of these elbow contractures, finding that 22% had contractures with an average onset at 13.4 months.
- Key predictors for developing contractures included low movement scores in elbow flexion and high scores in extension, indicating that specific injuries (C5-C6) affecting elbow flexion significantly contribute to contracture development.
Forearm and elbow secondary surgical procedures in neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a systematic scoping review.
JSES Rev Rep Tech
February 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * The review examined 865 studies, narrowing it down to 18 articles that met specific criteria, finding that various procedures focus primarily on restoring elbow flexion and fixing supination contractures.
- * Results showed that both soft tissue and bony surgical procedures generally improved function, with soft tissue methods being more consistent in outcomes, while bony procedures, including osteotomies, displayed a wider range of results.
Nerve Tracing in Juvenile Rats: A Feasible Model for the Study of Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy and Cocontractions?
J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj
January 2024
Department of Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet, Experimental Traumatology Unit, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- * A study was conducted on newborn rats to explore the causes of these co-contracture issues after nerve injuries, where scientists inflicted a crush injury to specific nerve roots and examined muscle neuron connections following healing.
- * Results showed that the injured side of the spinal cord had fewer properly connected cells compared to the uninjured side, suggesting that nerve injuries disrupt the link between spinal neurons and muscles, and that future research could build on these findings.