The genetic diversity of Strongyloides papillosus in Pakistani goats revealed by whole genome sequencing.

Background: Strongyloides nematodes are livestock parasites, and Strongyloides papillosus infecting ruminant livestock can cause disease. Recent genomic analysis of several Strongyloides species is now facilitating population genomic analyses of natural Strongyloides infections, for example finding that Strongyloides ratti in wild UK rats exists as an assemblage of long-lived, asexual lineages.

Methods: Here we have initiated an investigation into the population genomics of S.

Association of infection with the development of diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

Previous studies have shown that helminth infection protects against the development of diabetes mellitus (DM), possibly related to the hygiene hypothesis. However, studies involving and its possible association with DM are scarce and have shown contradicting results, prompting us to perform this meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. Related studies were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library until 1 August 2024.

THE EFFECTS OF TECHNICAL STEPS USED IN EXISTING SANITATION HELMINTH TEST METHODS ON ASCARIS SUUM EGG RECOVERY FROM PIG FECES.

Many technical aspects are associated with helminth egg isolation and enumeration that affect how efficiently eggs are recovered from samples. This study investigated Ascaris egg recoverability when samples were washed with or without pressure, and from different sample types (water, effluent, ventilated improved pit latrine [VIP], urine diversion dry toilet [UDDT], dried, fatty, and septic tank sludges, and soil) when processed with water, ammonium bicarbonate, and 7X®. We also looked at egg recovery after flotation with zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and sodium nitrate at specific gravities of 1.

Reassessing the Significance of Mycobacterium in Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Study Protocol in Nigeria.

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) significantly impact the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals, particularly in Nigeria. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating mental health services with self-care practices for individuals suffering from leprosy, Buruli ulcer (BU), and lymphatic filariasis (LF). The role of trained Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and NTD champions (NTD-Cs) will be explored to enhance health outcomes in this population.

Seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis, human T-lymphotropic virus, and Chagas disease in the Peruvian Amazon: a cross-sectional study.

Strongyloides stercoralis infections, human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections, and Chagas diseases occur throughout many regions of Central and South America, including Peru. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of S. stercoralis, HTLV, and Chagas disease in Iquitos (Peruvian Amazon) and the associated epidemiological conditions for S.

Canine vector-borne parasites in the Galapagos.

Background: The extraordinary Galapagos Islands, with an impressive number of endemic and native species, maintain the interest and curiosity for researchers from all over the world. The native species are known to be vulnerable to new pathogens, cointroduced with their invasive hosts. In the case of invasive parasitic arthropods, their evolutionary success is related to the association with other invasive hosts (such as domestic animals).

Investigation on parasite infection and anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep in Hinggan league (City), China.

Background: Different areas of sheep infected with different types of parasites, all will cause serious harm to the local sheep, and the widespread use and repeated use of anthelmintics have produced different degrees of anthelmintic resistance (AR) in various regions. We re-investigated the infection of common parasites and AR of Gastrointestinal Nematodes (GINs) in sheep in Horqin Right Wing Front Banner, and first investigated the common parasite types and AR of GINs in sheep at other four areas in Hinggan league (city), China.

Results: A total of 1770 fecal samples were collected from 1 prefecture-level city and 4 counties in Hinggan league, in which the infection rate of Coccidia ranged from 83.

Hookworm infection and its determinants among schoolchildren in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hookworm infection is a common problem among schoolchildren and mothers in tropical and subtropical countries, causing cognitive impairment, growth retardation in children and anaemia, low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth delay in susceptible mothers. Since schoolchildren generally have a higher prevalence due to behavioral and hygiene-related factors, our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Hookworm infection among schoolchildren in Ethiopia.

Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from several search databases.

Preventive efficacy of six monthly doses of NexGard® PLUS or Simparica Trio® against a macrocyclic lactone-resistant isolate (JYD-34) of Dirofilaria immitis and of a single dose of NexGard PLUS against a susceptible isolate.

Background: Two studies were conducted assessing the efficacy of NexGard® PLUS (NP) in preventing heartworm disease. Study 1 evaluated the efficacy of six monthly doses of NP or Simparica Trio® (ST) against a macrocyclic lactone-resistant isolate of heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, and study 2 evaluated the efficacy of a single dose of NP against a susceptible isolate.

Methods: In two studies, dogs that were negative for heartworms by antigen test and modified Knott's test were used.

Designing and comparative analysis of anti-oxidant and heat shock proteins based multi-epitopic filarial vaccines.

Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease affecting more than 882 million people in 44 countries of the world. A multi-epitope prophylactic/therapeutic vaccination targeting filarial defense proteins would be invaluable to achieve the current LF elimination goal.

Method: Two groups of proteins, namely Anti-oxidant (AO) and Heat shock proteins (HSPs), have been implicated in the effective survival of the filarial parasites in their hosts.

Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Jamaica.

Dirofilaria immitis is a zoonotic vector-borne parasite that causes heartworm disease most commonly in canines. Although present in the Caribbean, no published work exists from Jamaica. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of D.

Prevalence, risk factors, and species diversity of strongylid nematodes in domesticated Thai horses: insights from ITS-2 rDNA metabarcoding.

Strongylid nematodes represent a major health and performance concern for equids globally. However, the epidemiology of strongylid infections in horse populations remains largely unexplored in Thailand. This study investigated the prevalence of strongylid parasites and the associated risk factors in domesticated horses in Thailand.

Detection and Characterization of Visceral Anisakid Nematodes in Blue Whiting from Portuguese Waters.

This study employs molecular detection techniques, including conventional PCR and Sanger sequencing, to investigate the prevalence, species composition and public health implications of Anisakid nematodes in blue whiting () caught off the Portuguese coast. With Portugal's high fish consumption rates and increasing preference for raw or undercooked seafood, the risk of parasitic infections, particularly anisakidosis, is rising. Fifty blue whiting fish were examined, showing a 100% infection rate with Anisakid larvae.

Brain MRI findings and thoracic CT findings in a dog with hemiparesis and acutely diminished Von-Willebrand factor levels through Angiostrongylus vasorum infection.

A 2-year-old intact male Airedale Terrier was presented with a sudden onset of neurological signs, manifesting as hemiparesis, which were neuroanatomically localized to the brain. Initial bloodwork conducted by the local veterinarian indicated decreased levels of von Willebrand factor, and further examination showed an extended buccal mucosal bleeding time. MRI revealed a substantial hemorrhage within the right parietal lobe, while CT exhibited a mixed pulmonary pattern with unstructured interstitial, peribronchial, and alveolar components, presumably associated with larval migration and pulmonary microhemorrhages.

Presence of Contracaecum sp. larvae in two characiform fish from northeastern Brazil.

Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858 and Serrasalmus rhombeus (Linnaeus, 1766) are species of serrasalmids sold in open-air markets and market municipalities in Maranhão, Brazil. Fifty-two individuals of P. nattereri and 52 of S.

Lizards as sentinels for the distribution of .

The rat lungworm is a zoonotic metastrongyloid nematode currently considered an emerging pathogen. Originating in Southeast Asia, this nematode has spread to tropical and subtropical parts of the world via its invasive rodent and gastropod hosts.On the island of Tenerife in the Canary archipelago, the invasion was recognized more than a decade ago.

Differences in constitutive gene expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes and ATP-binding cassette transporter gene expression between a susceptible and a highly macrocyclic lactone-resistant Haemonchus contortus isolate in the absence of drug-inducible expression.

Background: Anthelmintic resistance in ruminants is a widespread problem that has a severe impact on productivity and animal welfare. The helminth Haemonchus contortus is generally considered the most important parasite in small ruminants due to its high pathogenicity and the widespread occurrence of anthelmintic resistance in it. Although the molecular mechanisms associated with resistance against the anthelmintics benzimidazoles (BZs) and levamisole are relatively well understood, the resistance mechanisms against the widely used anthelmintic macrocyclic lactones (MLs) ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MOX) remain poorly understood.

Antagonistic activity of Pochonia chlamydosporia against three helminth eggs and characterization of its serine protease.

To address the economic burden caused by livestock parasitic diseases, particularly gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and liver flukes, which are exacerbated by growing anthelmintic resistance, researchers are increasingly focusing on biological control strategies as a promising solution. Among these, the fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia has demonstrated promising helminth control properties. This study explored the potential of P.

[Strongyloidiasis as a cause of multiorganic failure].

Strongyloides stercoralis is a parasite that has the ability to reproduce within humans, which explains its persistence for many years. It lives in the duodenum and ileum, between the enterocytes, and opens up to the intestinal lumen. Historically it is associated with tropical and subtropical rural areas, but its development has been seen in microclimates that favour the biological cycle.

Uncommon presentation of an acute appendicitis caused by Enterobius vermicularis in an adult.

Enterobius vermicularis is the most common parasitic infection in temperate and cold climates, affecting populations in both developing and developed countries. Although typically asymptomatic, it can lead to acute appendicitis, a relationship that has been a subject of debate. Therefore, we present a case of acute appendicitis induced by E.

A Case of Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection Involving the Liver in Shaoxing.

Background: Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a rare zoonotic parasitic illness contracted by consuming raw or semi-raw food contaminated with the third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, such as freshwater shrimps, fish, snails, frogs, etc. [1]. The parasite can stimulate the host to generate an immune response and cause tissue damage, primarily invading the central nervous system of the human body.

TRICHINELLA INFECTIONS IN WILDLIFE FROM PENNSYLVANIA: VARIATION IN EXPOSURE AMONG COYOTE (CANIS LATRANS), GRAY FOX (UROCYON CINEREOARGENTEUS), AND RED FOX (VULPES VULPES).

During a survey for Sarcocystis infections in Pennsylvania in wild canids, muscles from the tongue and limb were examined microscopically for sarcocysts. Between 9 February 2024 and 11 February 2024, muscle samples were collected from 76 coyotes, 46 gray foxes, and 21 red foxes from Pennsylvania hunter harvested animals. Around 5 g of muscle was examined microscopically by compression between a glass slide and coverslip.

Genotyping of benzimidazole resistance using β-tubulin isotype 1 marker in of sheep and goats in Paraná, Southern Brazil.

is one of the most pathogenic gastrointestinal parasites that infect small ruminants. The indiscriminate use of anthelmintics (i.e.

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ellagic acid as a new therapy for infection.

Trichinellosis is a widespread food-borne zoonosis, causing mild to severe illness in humans with potential fatality. Its treatment remains challenging due to the side effects and limited efficacy of specific drugs. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess the therapeutic effects of ellagic acid (EA) alone and combined with albendazole against trichinellosis and its biochemical and pathological alterations in mice.

Estimation of the onset of exposure risk for (heartworm) in selected cities in Ontario from 1996 to 2023.

Background: (causative agent of heartworm disease) is a mosquito-borne parasite that is endemic in canids internationally and can cause serious disease in dogs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to predict the earliest time for infective exposure risk in multiple cities in Ontario. In addition, the potential impact of an increase in the daily mean temperature was evaluated.