566 results match your criteria: "Nebraska Center for Virology.[Affiliation]"
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2023
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583.
Viruses impact host cells and have indirect effects on ecosystem processes. Plankton such as ciliates can reduce the abundance of virions in water, but whether virus consumption translates into demographic consequences for the grazers is unknown. Here, we show that small protists not only can consume viruses they also can grow and divide given only viruses to eat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
December 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a restricted tropism for macrophages and CD163 is a key receptor for infection. In this study, the PRRSV strain NCV1 was passaged on MARC-145 cells for 95 passages, and two plaque-clones (C1 and C2) were randomly selected for further analysis. The C1 virus nearly lost the ability to infect porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), as well as porcine kidney cells expressing porcine CD163 (PK15-pCD163), while the C2 virus replicates well in these two cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
December 2022
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis are well-known pathogens that cause foodborne diseases in humans. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella serovars has caused serious public health problems worldwide. In this study, two lysogenic phages, STP11 and SEP13, were isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Jeddah, KSA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Protoc
December 2022
Department of Biochemistry, Nebraska Center for Virology, Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Pluripotent human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines are a valuable in vitro tool to differentiate specific cell lineages, including cells from all three germ layers, i.e., neuronal cells, myocytes, and hematopoietic cells, including progenitors (described here), lymphoid cells, and myeloid cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
January 2023
Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with a variety of the autoimmune diseases. There is apparently no unified model for the role of EBV in autoimmune diseases. In this article, the development of autoimmune diseases is proposed as a simple two-step process: specific autoimmune initiators may cause irreversible changes to genetic materials that increase autoimmune risks, and autoimmune promoters promote autoimmune disease formation once cells are susceptible to autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirus Res
January 2023
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA. Electronic address:
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), which promotes M2 macrophage development, may influence the control of viruses, such as Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus (TMEV) that infect macrophages. Because Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 (IRF3) is also critical to control of TMEV infection in macrophages, information on the relationship between IL-33 and IRF3 is important. Thus, RAW264.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
November 2022
Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States.
Cholesterol is ubiquitous in cells; it plays a critical role in membrane structure and transport as well as in intracellular trafficking processes. There are suggestions that cholesterol metabolism is linked to innate immunity with inhibitors of DHCR7, the last enzyme in the cholesterol pathway, suggested to have potential as viral therapeutics nearly a decade ago. In fact, there are a number of highly prescribed pharmaceuticals that are off-target inhibitors of DHCR7, causing increased cellular levels of 7-dehydrodesmosterol (7-DHD) and 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
November 2022
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) are emerging serogroups that often result in diseases ranging from diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most common non-O157 STEC are O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. These serogroups are known by the name "big six" because they cause severe illness and death in humans and the United States Department of Agriculture declared these serogroups as food contaminants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2022
Scholl of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
Giant viruses are a large group of viruses that infect many eukaryotes. Although components that do not obey the overall icosahedral symmetry of their capsids have been observed and found to play critical roles in the viral life cycles, identities and high-resolution structures of these components remain unknown. Here, by determining a near-atomic-resolution, five-fold averaged structure of Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1, we unexpectedly found the viral capsid possesses up to five major capsid protein variants and a penton protein variant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterology
January 2023
Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is highly associated with obesity and progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis when the liver develops overt inflammatory damage. While removing adenosine in the purine salvage pathway, adenosine kinase (ADK) regulates methylation reactions. We aimed to study whether hepatocyte ADK functions as an obesogenic gene/enzyme to promote excessive fat deposition and liver inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
September 2022
Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Nanoparticles (NPs) made of metals, polymers, micelles, and liposomes are increasingly being used in various biomedical applications. However, most of these NPs are hazardous for long- and short-term use and hence have restricted biomedical applications. Therefore, naturally derived, biocompatible, and biodegradable nanoconstructs are being explored for such applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
August 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Pathogens
September 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Virus evolution is the change in the genetic structure of a viral population over time and results in the emergence of new viral variants, strains, and species with novel biological properties, including adaptation to new hosts. There are host, vector, environmental, and viral factors that contribute to virus evolution. To achieve or fine tune compatibility and successfully establish infection, viruses adapt to a particular host species or to a group of species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
July 2022
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Enteroviruses such as group B coxsackieviruses (CVB) are commonly suspected as causes of myocarditis that can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and the mouse model of CVB3 myocarditis is routinely used to understand DCM pathogenesis. Mechanistically, autoimmunity is suspected due to the presence of autoantibodies for select antigens. However, their role continues to be enigmatic, which also raises the question of whether the breadth of autoantibodies is sufficiently characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntiviral Res
October 2022
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, USA; Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA. Electronic address:
Filoviruses enter cells through macropinocytosis and trafficking into the endosomes in which they bind to the receptor Niemann-Pick C1 protein (NPC1) for membrane fusion and entry into the cytoplasm. The endosomal receptor-binding is critical step for filovirus entry. Designing inhibitors to block receptor binding will prevent viral entry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
July 2022
Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, and the Stanley S Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Background: Despite the high COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates across the world, the reported rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which has a higher burden of other infectious diseases and overwhelmed healthcare systems, remain relatively low. This study aims to better understand the potential factors that contribute to this phenomenon, especially among cancer patients who are considered as a high-risk group for developing severe COVID-19.
Methods: Plasma samples collected during the COVID-19 pandemic from SARS-CoV-2 unvaccinated cancer and potential blood donor populations were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 (spike and nucleocapsid proteins) antibodies by an immunofluorescence assay.
Microbiol Resour Announc
July 2022
School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
A feline papillomavirus genome was assembled from metagenomic sequencing data collected from the skin of a house cat owner. The circular genome of strain P20 is 8,069 bp in length, has a GC content of 54.38%, and displays genome organization typical of feline papillomaviruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Histochem Cytochem
August 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Highly multiplexed protein and RNA in situ detection on a single tissue section concurrently is highly desirable for both basic and applied biomedical research. CO-detection by inDEXing (CODEX) is a new and powerful platform to visualize up to 60 protein biomarkers in situ, and RNAscope in situ hybridization (RNAscope) is a novel RNA detection system with high sensitivity and unprecedent specificity at a single-cell level. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, the combination of CODEX and RNAscope remained unreported until this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Rev
October 2022
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Viruses are a heterogeneous ensemble of entities, all sharing the need for a suitable host to replicate. They are extremely diverse, varying in morphology, size, nature, and complexity of their genomic content. Typically, viruses use host-encoded glycosyltransferases and glycosidases to add and remove sugar residues from their glycoproteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
June 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Despite the yearly global impact of influenza B viruses (IBVs), limited host range has been a hurdle to developing a readily accessible small animal disease model for vaccine studies. Mouse-adapting IBV can produce highly pathogenic viruses through serial lung passaging in mice. Previous studies have highlighted amino acid changes throughout the viral genome correlating with increased pathogenicity, but no consensus mutations have been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
June 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4240 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68504, USA.
Several influenza pandemics have occurred in the past century, one of which emerged in 1957 from a zoonotic transmission of H2N2 from an avian reservoir into humans. This pandemic caused 2-4 million deaths and circulated until 1968. Since the disappearance of H2N2 from human populations, there has been waning immunity against H2, and this subtype is not currently incorporated into seasonal vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
June 2022
School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0907, USA.
A randomized control trial was performed over a five-year period to assess the efficacy and antibody response induced by autogenous and commercial vaccine formulations against infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Calves were randomly assigned each year to one of three arms: an autogenous vaccine treatment that included (), , and antigens, a commercial vaccine treatment, or a sham vaccine treatment that consisted only of adjuvant. A total of 1198 calves were enrolled in the study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Vaccines
June 2022
School of Biological Sciences, Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68503, USA.
There is a crucial need for an improved H3N2 influenza virus vaccine due to low vaccine efficacy rates and increased morbidity and mortality associated with H3N2-dominated influenza seasons. Here, we utilize a computational design strategy to produce epitope-optimized, broadly cross-reactive H3 hemagglutinins in order to create a universal H3N2 influenza vaccine. The Epigraph immunogens are designed to maximize the viral population frequency of epitopes incorporated into the immunogen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr Biochem
September 2022
Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. Electronic address:
Indole is a microbiota metabolite that functions to protect against obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study examined the extent to which indole supplementation alleviates the severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is the advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In C57BL/6J mice, feeding a methionine- and choline-deficient diet (MCD) resulted in significant weight loss, overt hepatic steatosis, and massive aggregations of macrophages in the liver compared with control diet-fed mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
June 2022
Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Poxvirus proteins remodel signaling throughout the cell by targeting host enzymes for inhibition and redirection. Recently, it was discovered that early in infection the vaccinia virus (VACV) B12 pseudokinase copurifies with the cellular kinase VRK1, a proviral factor, in the nucleus. Although the formation of this complex correlates with inhibition of cytoplasmic VACV DNA replication and likely has other downstream signaling consequences, the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood.
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