UBL5 and Its Role in Viral Infections.

Unlike other ubiquitin-like family members, UBL5 is structurally and functionally atypical, and a novel role in various biological processes and diseases has been discovered. UBL5 can stabilize the structure of the spliceosome, can promote post-transcriptional processing, and has been implicated in both DNA damage repair and protein unfolding reactions, as well as cellular mechanisms that are frequently exploited by viruses for their own proliferation during viral infections. In addition, UBL5 can inhibit viral infection by binding to the non-structural protein 3 of rice stripe virus and mediating its degradation.

Deficiency of hepatokine orosomucoid1 aggravates NAFLD progression in mice.

Orosomucoid (ORM) is an important hepatokine that regulates metabolism. Previous report showed that isoform ORM2 but not ORM1 could downregulate lipogenic genes and ameliorate hepatic steatosis in obese mice, thereby categorizing ORM2 as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, our previous studies found that mice lacking ORM1 gradually developed an obese phenotype with severe hepatic steatosis at the age of 24 weeks.

A pharmacovigilance study of the association between proton pump inhibitors and tumor adverse events based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective treatments for acid-related disorders but may pose tumor risks with long-term use. Current research on PPI-associated tumor adverse events (TAEs) is limited and inconclusive. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the relationship between PPIs and TAEs.

TDERS, an exosome RNA-derived signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal cell cancer: a multicohort study.

Background: Tumor-derived exosomes are involved in tumor progression and immune invasion and might function as promising noninvasive approaches for clinical management. However, there are few reports on exosom-based markers for predicting the progression and adjuvant therapy response rate among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The signatures differentially expressed in exosomes from tumor and normal tissues from ccRCC patients were correspondingly deregulated in ccRCC tissues.

Dynamics of liver cancer cellular taxa revealed through single-cell RNA sequencing: Advances and challenges.

Liver cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, representing a substantial public health challenge. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing has significantly advanced our understanding of cellular dynamics from the onset of liver cancer to therapeutic intervention. This technology has unveiled profound insights into cancer heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment (TME), enabling the identification of key molecular drivers and phenotypic landscapes of liver cancer at a single-cell resolution.

Self-Cross-Linked Collagen Sponge from the Scale for Hemostasis and Wound Healing Applications.

Type I collagen, a crucial component maintaining the structural integrity and physiological function of various tissues, is widely regarded as one of the most suitable biomaterials for healthcare applications. In this study, shad scales, used for treating ulcers, scalds, and burns in traditional Chinese medicine, were exploited for type I collagen extraction. After self-assembly into hydrogels, the extracted collagen was subsequently freeze-dried to form collagen sponges.

Oxymatrine antagonises oxidative stress and apoptosis in Nemopilema nomurai toxin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Jellyfish stings can trigger abrupt heart failure via toxins, leading acute mortality rise. Proposed mechanisms involve oxidative stress and apoptosis, but evidence for effective treatments is lacking. To explore the concrete molecular mechanisms of jellyfish toxin-induced cardiotoxicity and to explore effective therapeutic approaches, we established tentacle extract (TE) of jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai induced cardiotoxicity models in vivo and in vitro based Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) mice and H9C2 cells, respectively,.

Novel perspectives on the link between obesity and cancer risk: from mechanisms to clinical implications.

Existing epidemiologic and clinical studies have demonstrated that obesity is associated with the risk of a variety of cancers. In recent years, an increasing number of experimental and clinical studies have unraveled the complex relationship between obesity and cancer risk and the underlying mechanisms. Obesity-induced abnormalities in immunity and biochemical metabolism, including chronic inflammation, hormonal disorders, dysregulation of adipokines, and microbial dysbiosis, may be important contributors to cancer development and progression.

The Scalp Nerve Block Combined with Intercostal Nerve Block Improves Recovery After Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the effect of scalp nerve block (SNB) combined with intercostal nerve block (ICNB) on quality of recovery (QoR) after deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial in which 88 patients with PD were randomly assigned to undergo SNB combined with ICNB (SNB group) or not (control group) before surgery. The primary outcome was the 15-item QoR (QoR-15) score 24 h after surgery.

Research progress of the Hippo signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: This review aimed to summarize the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a urologic malignancy with subtle initial symptoms and high mortality rates due to metastatic RCC. The Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates tissue and organ sizes, plays a crucial role in RCC progression and metastasis. Understanding the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in RCC provides valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.

Immune Checkpoints in B Cells: Unlocking New Potentials in Cancer Treatment.

B cells are crucial component of humoral immunity, and their role in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) has garnered significant attention in recent years. These cells hold great potential and application prospects in the field of tumor immunotherapy. Research has demonstrated that the TME can remodel various B cell functions, including proliferation, differentiation, antigen presentation, and antibody production, thereby invalidating the anti-tumor effects of B cells.

Navigating the immune landscape with plasma cells: A pan-cancer signature for precision immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment; however, predicting patient response remains a significant challenge. Our study identified a novel plasma cell signature, Plasma cell.Sig, through a pan-cancer single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, which predicts patient outcomes to immunotherapy with remarkable accuracy.

Optimization of metabolomics pretreatment method of cholangiocarcinoma cells based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Metabolomics intends to maximize the quantity of available metabolites for the global metabolome, which largely depends on sample pretreatment protocols. However, there are few studies that comprehensively examined the effects of extraction and reconstitution solvents on metabolome coverage of adherent mammalian cells. In this study, the human cholangiocarcinoma TFK-1 cells were chosen as a cell model, and eight extraction solvents and five reconstitution solvents were used for the pretreatment based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS).

Siglec-G Suppresses CD8 T Cells Responses through Metabolic Rewiring and Can be Targeted to Enhance Tumor Immunotherapy.

CD8 T cells play a critical role in cancer immune-surveillance and pathogen elimination. However, their effector function can be severely impaired by inhibitory receptors such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3). Here Siglec-G is identified as a coinhibitory receptor that limits CD8 T cell function.

FUNDC1 mediated mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis of epithelial cells in model of asthma by FBXL2/ar/GPX4 signaling pathway of SUMO1 at K136.

This study aimed to explore the critical role of FUNDC1 on epithelial cells in model of asthma. Patients with asthma and normal healthy volunteers were obtained from our hospital. The serum of FUNDC1 mRNA expression was down-regulated in patients with asthma.

Disulfiram Upgrades the Radiosensitivity of Osteosarcoma by Enhancing Apoptosis and P53-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest.

The prognosis of osteosarcoma has not been improved for decades. As radioresistance is one of the major reasons, effective radiotherapy sensitization drugs need to be discovered. HOS and K7M2 osteosarcoma cell lines were treated with disulfiram (DSF) and radiation to assess cell viability, proliferation, migration ability, apoptosis level, ROS and Ca2+ level, and cell cycle in vitro.