Pulsed exposure toxicity testing: Baseline evaluations and considerations using copper and zinc with two marine species.

Methods to assess environmental impacts from episodic discharges on receiving water bodies need a more environmentally relevant and scientifically defensible toxicity test design. Many permittees are regularly required to conduct 96-h toxicity tests on discharges associated with events that are generally less than 24 h in duration. Current standardized methods do not adequately reflect these episodic discharge conditions at either the point of compliance nor as it mixes with the receiving environment.

Evaluating the efficacy of DGT to quantify copper in stormwater at end-of-pipe.

In many cases, stormwater compliance monitoring is labor intensive, expensive, and largely unsuccessful in providing the data needed to support stormwater management goals. To help address these issues, diffusive gradients in thin film (DGTs), time-integrative passive samplers for metals, were evaluated to monitor copper in stormwater runoff. DGTs were co-located with traditional autosamplers within the stormwater conveyance systems at Naval Base San Diego (NBSD) to provide a direct comparison with composite sampling.