Consensus and Equipose in the Management of Military Trainee Femoral Neck Stress Fractures: A Survey of Military Surgeons.

Background: Femoral neck stress fractures (FNSFs) are a unique injury pattern not commonly treated in the civilian trauma population; however, it is particularly high with military trainees engaged in basic combat training. To date, no study has surveyed a population of military orthopedic surgeons on treatment preferences for military service members (SMs) with FNSF.

Questions: We aim to evaluate the extent of clinical equipoise that exists in the management of these injuries, hypothesizing that there would be consensus in the factors dictating surgical and non-surgical intervention for FNSF.

Don't Shoot Me: Potential Consequences of Force-on-Force Training Modulate the Human Stress Response.

Jensen, AE, Bernards, JR, Hamilton, JA, Markwald, RR, Kelly, KR, and Biggs, AT. Do not shoot me: potential consequences of force-on-force training modulate the human stress response. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1761-1769, 2023-Close-quarters combat (CQC) engagements trigger the "fight-or-flight" response, activating the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to perceived threats.

A Novel Scale to Assess Psychological Strategies in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technicians.

Purpose: This report describes the development and validation of the U.S. Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Combat Mindset Scale-Training (CMS-T), a population-specific measure of psychological strategy use in EOD training environments.

Association Between Combat-Related Traumatic Injury and Skeletal Health: Bone Mineral Density Loss Is Localized and Correlates With Altered Loading in Amputees: the Armed Services Trauma Rehabilitation Outcome (ADVANCE) Study.

The association between combat-related traumatic injury (CRTI) and bone health is uncertain. A disproportionate number of lower limb amputees from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts are diagnosed with osteopenia/osteoporosis, increasing lifetime risk of fragility fracture and challenging traditional osteoporosis treatment paradigms. The aim of this study is to test the hypotheses that CRTI results in a systemic reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and that active traumatic lower limb amputees have localized BMD reduction, which is more prominent with higher level amputations.

Optimizing combat readiness for military surgeons without trauma fellowship training: Engaging the "voluntary faculty" model.

Background: Appropriate operative volume remains a critical component in mitigating surgical atrophy and maintaining clinical competency. The initiation of military-civilian surgical partnerships (MCPs) has been proposed for addressing knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) metrics to address concerns over operational readiness and the low acuity experienced by military surgeons. This study investigates the first partnership for Navy surgical staff at a nonacademic Military Treatment Facility (MTF) with a regional academic Army Military Treatment Facility (AMTF) and a civilian, nonacademic level II trauma center devised to improve operational readiness for attending surgeons.

Craniotomies at an overseas military treatment facility: Maintaining readiness for the unit and the surgeon.

Introduction: Craniotomy and craniectomy are common neurosurgical procedures with wide applications in both civilian and military practice. Skill maintenance for these procedures is required for military providers in the event they are called to support forward deployed service members suffering from combat and non-combat injuries. The presents investigation details the performance of such procedures at a small, overseas military treatment facility (MTF).

Promoting resilience and psychological wellbeing of military providers: The Navy Medicine Caregiver Occupational Stress Control (CgOSC) program.

Military Medicine providers (sometimes referred to as caregivers) not only endure the stress of supporting the medical readiness of operational commands, they take on the continuous demands involved in providing direct care to military beneficiaries. Research shows that occupational stress and burnout impacts the health and wellbeing of providers, increases job turnover, and reduces the quality of patient care. Thus, interventions have aimed to reduce burnout and enhance the wellbeing of military providers.

Combined photothermal and sonodynamic therapy using a 2D black phosphorus nanosheets loaded coating for efficient bacterial inhibition and bone-implant integration.

Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a major threat for implant failure in orthopedics. Herein, we report a dual-functional coating on Ti implants (named Ti/PDA/BP) with the integration of two-dimensional (2D) photo-sono sensitive black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) and polydopamine (PDA) for efficient bacterial inhibition and bone-implant integration. For the first time, we employ BPNSs as generators of reactive radicals (ROS) under ultrasound (US) stimuli for implant associated infection.

Validation of Military Occupational Specialty as a Proxy for Blast Exposure Using the Salisbury Blast Interview.

Evaluating large data sets precludes the ability to directly measure individual experiences, instead relying on proxies to infer certain constructs. Blast exposure is a construct of study currently in its infancy, resulting in diverse definitions and measurements across studies. The purpose of the present study was to validate military occupational specialty (MOS) as a proxy for blast exposure in combat veterans.

Pre-Existing Audiometric Hearing Loss is a Predictor of Significant Threshold Shift Following Injury During Combat Deployment.

Objectives: Military personnel are exposed to multiple risk factors for hearing loss, particularly on the battlefield. The objective of this study was to determine whether pre-existing hearing loss predicted hearing threshold shift in male U.S.

Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator in the Active Duty Population: Military Readiness and Satisfaction.

Introduction: Because inadequate sleep impairs mission performance, the U.S. Army regards sleep as a core pillar of soldier readiness.

Risk and Protective Factors for Cancer Mortality among United States Service Members and Veterans (2001-2018).

Background: Prior research linking military factors with cancer-specific mortality has shown inconsistent findings, with few studies examining these associations among U.S. service members and veterans who served in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom conflicts.

Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury Among U.S. Service Members Deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, 2002-2016.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health issue for service members deployed and is more common in recent conflicts; however, a thorough understanding of risk factors and trends is not well described. This study aims to characterize the epidemiology of TBI in U.S.

Study on an Animal Model of Seawater Immersion Injury Following Hemorrhagic Shock.

Introduction: To establish an animal model of delayed intravenous resuscitation following seawater immersion after hemorrhagic shock (HS).

Methods: Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: group NI (HS with no immersion), group SI (HS with skin immersion), and group VI (HS with visceral immersion). Controlled HS in rats was induced by withdrawing 45% of the calculated total blood volume within 30 min.

Ketamine decreased opiate use in US military combat operations from 2010 to 2019.

Background: Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic currently used in a variety of healthcare applications. Effects are dose dependent and cause escalating levels of euphoria, analgesia, dissociation and amnesia. Ketamine can be given via intravenous, intramuscular, nasal, oral and aerosolised routes.

A Deeper Dive Into Combat Medic Training.

The recent article by Knisely et al. provides a comprehensive review and summary of recent literature describing simulation techniques, training strategies, and technologies to teach medics combat casualty care skills. Some of the results reported by Knisely et al.

Military tactical adaptive decision making during simulated military operational stress is influenced by personality, resilience, aerobic fitness, and neurocognitive function.

Unlabelled: Laboratory-based studies designed to mimic combat or military field training have consistently demonstrated deleterious effects on warfighter's physical, cognitive, and emotional performance during simulated military operational stress (SMOS).

Purpose: The present investigation sought to determine the impact of a 48-h simulated military operational stress (SMOS) on military tactical adaptive decision making, and the influence of select psychological, physical performance, cognitive, and physiological outcome measures on decision making performance.

Methods: Male ( = 48, 26.

Research Letter: Prevalence of Spine Injuries Among US Military Personnel With Combat-Related Concussion.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of spine injuries among US service members with combat-related concussion.

Design And Participants: A retrospective review of medical records for US service members injured during combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan between 2002 and 2020. The study sample included 27 897 service members categorized into 3 groups: concussion with loss of consciousness (LOC, n = 4631), concussion non-LOC ( n = 5533), and non-concussion ( n = 17 333).

Examining Silver Deposition Pathways onto Gold Nanorods with Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) enables one to directly visualize the formation of plasmonic nanoparticles and their postsynthetic modification, but the relative contributions of plasmonic hot electrons and radiolysis to metal precursor reduction remain unclear. Here we show silver deposition onto plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) during LP-TEM is dominated by water radiolysis-induced chemical reduction. Silver was observed with LP-TEM to form bipyramidal shells at higher surfactant coverage and tip-preferential lobes at lower surfactant coverage.

Characterizing Relationships Among the Cognitive, Physical, Social-emotional, and Health-related Traits of Military Personnel.

Introduction: Personnel engaged in high-stakes occupations, such as military personnel, law enforcement, and emergency first responders, must sustain performance through a range of environmental stressors. To maximize the effectiveness of military personnel, an a priori understanding of traits can help predict their physical and cognitive performance under stress and adversity. This work developed and assessed a suite of measures that have the potential to predict performance during operational scenarios.

A Mixed Methods Investigation on the Relationship Between Perceived Self-Regard, Self-Efficacy, and Commitment to Serve Among Military Medical Students.

Introduction: Routinely faced with potentially traumatizing situations, resilience is critical for military physicians. However, related studies are limited in scope. The current study distinctively combines hyper-realistic immersion training for military medical students with emotional intelligence and hardiness measures.

Identifying at-risk marines: A person-centered approach to adverse childhood experiences, mental health, and social support.

Background: Previous research indicates an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACES) and health outcomes; however, most of these studies rely on variable-centered techniques. This study implemented a person-centered approach to provide a more nuanced understanding of these relations.

Methods: The sample consisted of 3611 male Marines who completed two surveys, one prior to service and another during or after service.

Enzymatic bionanocatalysts for combating peri-implant biofilm infections by specific heat-amplified chemodynamic therapy and innate immunomodulation.

Bacterial biofilm-associated infection is a life-threatening emergency contributing from drug resistance and immune escape. Herein, a novel non-antibiotic strategy based on the synergy of bionanocatalysts-driven heat-amplified chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and innate immunomodulation is proposed for specific biofilm elimination by the smart design of a biofilm microenvironment (BME)-responsive double-layered metal-organic framework (MOF) bionanocatalysts (MACG) composed of MIL-100 and CuBTC. Once reaching the acidic BME, the acidity-triggered degradation of CuBTC allows the sequential release of glucose oxidase (GOx) and an activable photothermal agent, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS).