Epigenetic Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells Resistant to Ionizing Radiation.

γ-Radiation resistance is a major obstacle to the success of radiotherapy in colorectal cancer. Antioxidant-related factors contribute to resistance to radiation therapy and, therefore, are targets for improving the therapeutic response. In this study, we evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying γ-radiation resistance using the colorectal cancer cell line SNUC5 and γ-radiation-resistant variant SNUC5/RR, including analyses of the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that regulates antioxidant enzymes, and related epigenetic regulators.

Aromadendrin Ameliorates Airway Inflammation in Experimental Mice with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Aromadendrin (ARO) is an active plant compound that exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, its ameliorative effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory effects of ARO on bronchial inflammation using an experimental model of COPD.

The antiviral activity of myricetin against pseudorabies virus through regulation of the type I interferon signaling pathway.

Unlabelled: The type I interferon signaling pathway constitutes a pivotal component of the innate immune response, encompassing the cGAS/STING and JAK/STAT pathways. Drugs that affect the body's innate immune response could potentially be used as broad-spectrum antivirals. In this study, the antiviral activities of 25 flavonoids against pseudorabies virus (PRV) were tested in PK-15 cells.

Silybin Derivatives Produced by γ-Irradiation and Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities.

Silybin, which belongs to the flavonolignan group, is the major component of the fruit extract of (common name: milk thistle). Silybin is a medicinal compound with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. In this study, silybin derivatives were produced through γ-radiolysis, and their tyrosinase inhibitory activities were evaluated to explore the enhanced activities of silybin derivatives compared to silybin ().

Tangeretin inhibits airway inflammatory responses by reducing early growth response 1 (EGR1) expression in mice exposed to cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide.

Background: Tangeretin, a natural polymethoxyflavone compound, possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity that improves respiratory inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-COPD effects of tangeretin remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the key molecular mechanisms by which tangeretin suppresses COPD-related inflammatory responses.

Structurally diverse design and synthesis of novel 2-phenylindole amide derivatives with anti-canine breast cancer activity.

Breast cancer stands as the cancer with the highest incidence and mortality rates among women globally, in which triple-negative breast cancer has been ranked as the most difficult one. Bazedoxifene (BZA), a third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), has been exhibited notable inhibitory effect on both hormone-dependent breast cancer cells and triple-negative breast cancer cells, but showing very low in vivo effeacy. In order to obtain more effective antitumor derivatives than BZA, we have employed a structurally diverse design and synthesis of 57 novel 2-phenylindole amides for detecting their cytotoxities against triple-negative mammary cancer cell line, CMT-7364.

Characterization and analysis of a Commiphora species germinated from an ancient seed suggests a possible connection to a species mentioned in the Bible.

A seed recovered during archaeological excavations of a cave in the Judean desert was germinated, with radiocarbon analysis indicating an age of 993 CE- 1202 calCE. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis identified the seedling as belonging to the angiosperm genus Commiphora Jacq., sister to three Southern African Commiphora species, but unique from all other species sampled to date.

The growth-promoting effect of water extract of Chuanminshen violaceum stem and leaf on broilers.

Currently, developing nonantibiotic growth promoters is a broad consensus in broiler industry, which is one of the effective ways to reduce drug-resistant strains. Chuanminshen violaceum is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that is commonly used for its roots, while the stems and leaves are often discarded, resulting in a huge amount of waste. This study optimized the preparation process of water extract of Chuanminshen violaceum stems and leaves (CVSLE) by response surface analysis based on the yields of polysaccharide and protein.

Aromadendrin Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in BEAS-2B Cells and Lungs of Mice.

Aromadendrin is a phenolic compound with various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory properties. However, its protective effects against acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the ameliorative effects of aromadendrin in an experimental model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI.

Myricetin inhibits transmissible gastroenteritis virus replication by targeting papain-like protease deubiquitinating enzyme activity.

Myricetin, a natural flavonoid found in various foods, was investigated for its antiviral effect against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). This α-coronavirus causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry. The study focused on the papain-like protease (PLpro), which plays a crucial role in coronavirus immune evasion by mediating deubiquitination.

Effect of Isoscopoletin on Cytokine Expression in HaCaT Keratinocytes and RBL-2H3 Basophils: Preliminary Study.

Isoscopoletin is a compound derived from various plants traditionally used for the treatment of skin diseases. However, there have been no reported therapeutic effects of isoscopoletin on atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, and commonly used treatments have side effects; thus, there is a need to identify potential natural candidate substances.

Molecular Mechanisms of Anticarcinogenic Potential of and Its Major Components.

Despite the development of several anticancer treatments, there remains a need for new drugs that can overcome resistance and reduce side effects. While the medicinal herb () has been used to relieve pain and inflammation, its antitumor properties have not yet been explored. In this study, we investigated the anticarcinogenic potential of extract (HUE) and its major components, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Anti‑inflammatory effects of methanol extract from Miq. mediated by HO‑1 in LPS‑induced RAW 264.7 cells.

Inflammation serves as a multifaceted defense mechanism activated by pathogens, cellular damage and irritants, aiming to eliminate primary causes of injury and promote tissue repair. Miq (), prevalent in Vietnam and southern China, has a history of traditional use for treating cough, fever and asthma. Previous studies on its phytochemicals have shown their potential as anti-inflammatory agents, yet underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Gallnut tannic acid alleviates gut damage induced by in broilers by enhancing barrier function and modulating microbiota.

Pullorum disease (PD) is a bacterial infection caused by () that affects poultry. It is highly infectious and often fatal. Antibiotics are currently the mainstay of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for PD, but their use can lead to the development of resistance in pathogenic bacteria and disruption of the host's intestinal flora.

Research progress of nano-delivery systems for the active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine.

Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years in China, characterizing with novel pharmacological mechanisms, low toxicity, and limited side effects. However, the application of TCM active ingredients is often hindered by their physical and chemical properties, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, short half-life, toxic side effects within therapeutic doses, and instability in biological environments. Consequently, an increasing number of researchers are directing their attention towards the discovery of nano-delivery systems for TCM to overcome these clinical challenges.

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Paeoniae Radix alba: Extraction optimization, structural characterization and antioxidant mechanism in vitro.

Paeoniae Radix alba is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, immunomodulatory, cancer, and other diseases. In the current study, the yield of Paeoniae Radix alba polysaccharide (PRP) was significantly increased with optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction compared to hot water extraction. Further, an acidic polysaccharide (PRP-AP) was isolated from PRP after chromatographic separation and was characterized as a typical pectic polysaccharide with side chains of arabinogalactans types I and II.

Rat Hepatocytes Protect against Lead-Cadmium-Triggered Apoptosis Based on Autophagy Activation.

Lead and cadmium are foodborne contaminants that threaten human and animal health. It is well known that lead and cadmium produce hepatotoxicity; however, defense mechanisms against the co-toxic effects of lead and cadmium remain unknown. We investigated the mechanism of autophagy (defense mechanism) against the co-induced toxicity of lead and cadmium in rat hepatocytes (BRL-3A cells).

Dihydropashanone Isolated from , a Potential Natural Product for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

, a flowering plant native to eastern Asia, has been reported to have neuroprotective activity. However, reports on the specific bioactive compounds in are finite. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of the compounds isolated from .

Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu polysaccharide alleviates LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation via NF-κB signal pathway.

As a traditional Chinese medicinal and edible homologous plant, Onosma glomeratum Y. L. Liu has been used for treating lung diseases in Tibet.

Lagerstroemia macrocarpa extract inhibits Th2-mediated STAT6 signaling pathway in human keratinocytes.

In this study, we examined physiological functions as a key material to develop cosmeceuticals using extracts of Lagerstroemia macrocarpa Wall. Ex Kurz (L. macrocarpa).

Protective effects of an alcoholic extract of Kaempferia galanga L. rhizome on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The rhizome of Kaempferia galanga L., a medicinal and edible Plant, was widely distributed in many Asian and African counties. It has been traditionally used to treat gastroenteritis, hypertension, rheumatism and asthma.

Loliolide in Alleviates Ultrafine Urban Particulate Matter (PM 0.1)-Induced Inflammation in Human RPE Cells.

Owing to increasing air pollution due to industrial development, fine dust has been associated with threatening public health. In particular, ultrafine urban particulate matter (uf-UP, PM 0.1) can easily enter our bodies, causing inflammation-related diseases.

Antiviral effect of palmatine against infectious bronchitis virus through regulation of NF-κB/IRF7/JAK-STAT signalling pathway and apoptosis.

1. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gamma-coronavirus, can infect chickens of all ages and leads to an acute contact respiratory infection. This study evaluated the anti-viral activity of palmatine, a natural non-flavonoid alkaloid, against IBV in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells.

Anti-Inflammatory Herbal Extracts and Their Drug Discovery Perspective in Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic disorder characterized by skin inflammation. It is well known that the activation of various inflammatory cells and the generation of inflammatory molecules are closely linked to the development of AD. There is accumulating evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of herbal extracts (HEs) on the regulation of inflammatory response in both and studies of AD.