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2,437 results match your criteria: "Natural History Museum of Denmark; Universitetsparken 15; Copenhagen; Denmark.. perkovsk@gmail.com.[Affiliation]"
Genome Biol Evol
September 2024
George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Sequencing the mitochondrial genome of the tunicate Oikopleura dioica is a challenging task due to the presence of long poly-A/T homopolymer stretches, which impair sequencing and assembly. Here, we report on the sequencing and annotation of the majority of the mitochondrial genome of O. dioica by means of combining several DNA and amplicon reads obtained by Illumina and MinIon Oxford Nanopore Technologies with public RNA sequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
August 2024
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
The deep-sea remains the biggest challenge to biodiversity exploration, and anthropogenic disturbances extend well into this realm, calling for urgent management strategies. One of the most diverse, productive, and vulnerable ecosystems in the deep sea are sponge grounds. Currently, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is revolutionising the field of biodiversity monitoring, yet complex deep-sea benthic ecosystems remain challenging to assess even with these novel technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2024
Centre for Ocean Life, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Coevolution between predator and prey plays a central role in shaping the pelagic realm and may have significant implications for marine ecosystems and nutrient cycling dynamics. The siliceous diatom frustule is often assumed to have coevolved with the silica-lined teeth of copepods, but empirical evidence of how this relationship drives natural selection and evolution is still lacking. Here, we show that feeding on diatoms causes significant wear and tear on copepod teeth and that this leads to copepods becoming selective feeders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetics
December 2024
Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The canonical view of DNA methylation, a pivotal epigenetic regulation mechanism in eukaryotes, dictates its role as a suppressor of gene activity, particularly within promoter regions. However, this view is being challenged as it is becoming increasingly evident that the connection between DNA methylation and gene expression varies depending on the genomic location and is therefore more complex than initially thought. We examined DNA methylation levels in the gut epithelium of Atlantic salmon () using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, which we correlated with gene expression data from RNA sequencing of the same gut tissue sample (RNA-seq).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Microbiome
August 2024
Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), 04120, Almería, Spain.
Fungal Syst Evol
June 2024
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , in leaves of , among deep leaf litter, from uredinium of on , on well-rotted twigs and litter in mixed wet sclerophyll and subtropical rainforest. , on twigs of , on bark, in savannas with shrubs and trees. , on leaves of , (incl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
November 2024
Environmental Institute, Okružná 784/42, 97241 Koš, Slovak Republic.
Marine and freshwater mammalian predators and fish samples, retrieved from environmental specimen banks (ESBs), natural history museum (NHMs) and other scientific collections, were analysed by LIFE APEX partners for a wide range of legacy and emerging contaminants (2545 in total). Network analysis was used to visualize the chemical occurrence data and reveal the predominant chemical mixtures for the freshwater and marine environments. For this purpose, a web tool was created to explore these chemical mixtures in predator-prey pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStud Mycol
July 2024
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands.
Mol Ecol Resour
October 2024
National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Water Research Institute (IRSA), Verbania Pallanza, Italy.
Molecular techniques like metabarcoding, while promising for exploring diversity of communities, are often impeded by the lack of reference DNA sequences available for taxonomic annotation. Our study explores the benefits of combining targeted DNA barcoding and morphological taxonomy to improve metabarcoding efficiency, using beach meiofauna as a case study. Beaches are globally important ecosystems and are inhabited by meiofauna, microscopic animals living in the interstitial space between the sand grains, which play a key role in coastal biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Biol Sci
July 2024
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, White City, Imperial , London W12 0BZ, UK.
Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases are influenced by local biotic and abiotic factors, with host declines occurring when conditions favour the pathogen. Deterioration in the population of the micro-endemic Tanzanian Kihansi spray toad () occurred after the construction of a hydropower dam, implicating habitat modification in this species decline. Population recovery followed habitat augmentation; however, a subsequent outbreak of chytridiomycosis caused by () led to the spray toad's extinction in the wild.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol Evol
August 2024
Section for Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Centre for EcoGenetics, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
How species thrive in a wide range of environments is a major focus of evolutionary biology. For many species, limited genetic diversity or gene flow among habitats means that phenotypic plasticity must play an important role in their capacity to tolerate environmental heterogeneity and to colonize new habitats. However, we have a limited understanding of the molecular components that govern plasticity in ecologically relevant phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
July 2024
Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden.
Sexual selection can directly contribute to reproductive isolation and is an important mechanism that can lead to speciation. Lek-mating is one of the most extreme forms of sexual selection, but surprisingly does not seem to preclude occasional hybridization in nature. However, hybridization among lekking species may still be trivial if selection against offspring with intermediate phenotypes prohibits introgression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Sci
July 2024
Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Recent studies on oestroidean Diptera (Brachycera) are providing a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the evolutionary history of this remarkably diverse clade of holometabolous insects. The Oestroidea, which includes formidable pests such as various blowflies, botflies, and flesh flies that infest livestock, pets and humans, are mostly composed of beneficial species that act as scavengers or parasitoids on various pest insects. In our research, we used genomic methods to elucidate the phylogenetic position of Nesodexia corsicana Villeneuve, 1911 (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a mysterious oestroid species endemic to Corsica and characterized by distinctive morphological features that have puzzled taxonomists for years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
July 2024
UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Nature
July 2024
Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.
Nat Ecol Evol
September 2024
Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
Eastern Africa preserves the most complete record of human evolution anywhere in the world but we have little knowledge of how long-term biogeographic dynamics in the region influenced hominin diversity and distributions. Here, we use spatial beta diversity analyses of mammal fossil records from the East African Rift System to reveal long-term biotic homogenization (increasing compositional similarity of faunas) over the last 6 Myr. Late Miocene and Pliocene faunas (~6-3 million years ago (Ma)) were largely composed of endemic species, with the shift towards biotic homogenization after ~3 Ma being driven by the loss of endemic species across functional groups and a growing number of shared grazing species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Evol
July 2024
Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark.
Gut bacterial communities provide flexibility to hosts during dietary changes. Despite the increasing number of studies exploring the associations between broader dietary guilds of mammalian hosts and their gut bacteria, it is generally unclear how diversity and variability in consumed diets link to gut bacterial taxa in wild non-primate mammals, particularly in omnivores. Here, we contribute to filling this gap by exploring consumed diets and gut bacterial community compositions with metabarcoding of faecal samples for two African mammals, and spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
October 2024
School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Amphibians represent a diverse group of tetrapods, marked by deep divergence times between their three systematic orders and families. Studying amphibian biology through the genomics lens increases our understanding of the features of this animal class and that of other terrestrial vertebrates. The need for amphibian genomic resources is more urgent than ever due to the increasing threats to this group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2024
Institute of Marine Ecosystem and Fishery Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany.
Marine fisheries are increasingly impacted by climate change, affecting species distribution and productivity, and necessitating urgent adaptation efforts. Climate vulnerability assessments (CVA), integrating expert knowledge, are vital for identifying species that could thrive or suffer under changing environmental conditions. This study presents a first CVA for the Western Baltic Sea's fish community, a crucial fishing area for Denmark and Germany.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarmful Algae
August 2024
Department of Life Sciences, National Natural History Museum of China, Beijing 100050, PR China. Electronic address:
Dinoflagellates within the genus Karenia are well known for their potential to cause harmful algal blooms and induce detrimental ecological consequences. In this study, five Karenia species, Karenia longicanalis, Karenia papilionacea, Karenia mikimotoi, Karenia selliformis, and a new species, Karenia hui sp. nov.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
June 2024
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
The nomenclatural status and typification of the names , , var. , var. , var.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell
July 2024
The Center for Genome Architecture and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address:
Analyses of ancient DNA typically involve sequencing the surviving short oligonucleotides and aligning to genome assemblies from related, modern species. Here, we report that skin from a female woolly mammoth (†Mammuthus primigenius) that died 52,000 years ago retained its ancient genome architecture. We use PaleoHi-C to map chromatin contacts and assemble its genome, yielding 28 chromosome-length scaffolds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
July 2024
Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Fungi are among the most diverse and ecologically important kingdoms in life. However, the distributional ranges of fungi remain largely unknown as do the ecological mechanisms that shape their distributions. To provide an integrated view of the spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi, we implemented a globally distributed standardized aerial sampling of fungal spores.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
August 2024
Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.