Cellulose Acetate Butyrate-Based In Situ Gel Comprising Doxycycline Hyclate and Metronidazole.

Cellulose acetate butyrate is a biodegradable cellulose ester bioplastic produced from plentiful natural plant-based resources. Solvent-exchange-induced in situ gels are particularly promising for periodontitis therapy, as this dosage form allows for the direct delivery of high concentrations of antimicrobial agents to the localized periodontal pocket. This study developed an in situ gel for periodontitis treatment, incorporating a combination of metronidazole and doxycycline hyclate, with cellulose acetate butyrate serving as the matrix-forming agent.

A multiplex microarray lateral flow immunoassay device for simultaneous determination of five mycotoxins in rice.

Co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins is a growing global food safety concern due to their harmful effects on humans and animals. This study developed an eco-friendly sample preparation method and an innovative multiplex microarray-based lateral flow immunoassay, using a novel portable reader for on-site simultaneous determination of five regulated mycotoxins-aflatoxin B, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisin B in rice. The eco-friendly and ultrafast extraction procedure utilizes a bio-based solvent.

Propargylic-linked [5]helicene derivative for selective Au detection in near-perfect aqueous media with applications in diverse real samples, paper test strips, and human cells.

Gold is classified as a heavy metal, and its ion (Au) can manifest adverse impacts on ecological and human health. Thus, an effective method for Au detection is highly required. In this work, a new [5]helicene-based fluorescence sensor (M202P) was synthesized and applied for Au monitoring in near-perfect aqueous media.

Effects of Partially Filled EPS Foam on Compressive Behavior of Aluminum Hexagonal Honeycombs.

This study investigates the compressive behavior of aluminum honeycombs partially filled with expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam, emphasizing the effects of filler area fractions and vertex contact locations on energy absorption and crush characteristics. Axial quasi-static compression tests evaluated energy absorption, mean crush force, specific energy absorption, and crush force efficiency. Results revealed that partially filled honeycombs significantly enhance energy absorption and mean crush force compared to their unfilled counterparts.

Fabrication of mycelium (oyster mushroom)-based composites derived from spent coffee grounds with pineapple fibre reinforcement.

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are eco-friendly materials made by combining mushroom mycelia with lignocellulosic biomass, offering diverse applications such as packaging and construction. The specific characteristics of MBCs can be significantly influenced by the choice of substrates and reinforcing materials during myco-fabrication. This study aims to improve MBCs sourced from (oyster mushroom) using spent coffee grounds (SCGs) as the main substrate, combined with natural pineapple fibres (NPFs).

In Vitro Osteo-Immunological Responses of Bioactive Calcium Phosphate-Containing Urethane Dimethacrylate-Based Composites: A Potential Alternative to Poly(methyl methacrylate) Bone Cement.

This investigation developed new composite bone cements using urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), poly(propylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PPGDMA), and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), with micrometer-sized aluminosilicate glass filler. Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles were added to enhance biological performance, particularly osteo-immunomodulation. Free radical polymerization was triggered by mixing two pastes containing either benzoyl peroxide (BPO, an initiator) or N-tolyglycine glycidyl methacrylate (NTGGMA, an activator).

End-of-life management of electric vehicle batteries utilizing the life cycle assessment.

To achieve sustainable development in the electric vehicle (EV) industry, this study assesses the environmental impacts of retired electric vehicle batteries (EVBs) throughout the life cycle. The life cycle assessment (LCA) with the ReCiPe method is implemented with environmental impacts: CO emissions, human toxicity, terrestrial acidification, particulate matter (PM) formation, metal depletion, and fossil depletion. Four EOL management scenarios, namely the landfilling, remanufacturing, repurposing, and recycling processes, are examined with the background data obtained from the Ecoinvent database v3.

Improvement of osteogenic differentiation potential of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells by metformin via AMPK pathway activation.

Background: Placenta-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (PL-MSCs) have gained a lot of attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their availability and bone-forming capacity. However, the osteogenic differentiation capacity of these cells remains inconsistent and could be improved to achieve greater efficiency. Although metformin, a widely used oral hypoglycemic agent, has been shown to increase bone formation in various cell types, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of PL-MSCs has not yet been investigated.

Enhanced Impact Resistance, Oxygen Barrier, and Thermal Dimensional Stability of Biaxially Processed Miscible Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Succinate) Thin Films.

This study investigates the crystallization, microstructure, and performance of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) (PLA/PBS) thin films processed through blown film extrusion and biaxial orientation (BO) at various blend ratios. Succinic anhydride (SA) was used to enhance interfacial adhesion in PLA-rich blends, while blends near 50/50 formed co-continuous phases without SA. Biaxial stretching and annealing, adjusted according to the crystallization behavior of PLA and PBS, significantly influenced crystallinity, crystallite size, and molecular orientation.

Pineapple stem starch-based films incorporated with pineapple leaf carbon dots as functional filler for active food packaging applications.

Pineapple leaf waste, a byproduct of agricultural processes, was used as a novel raw material to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) through a simple hydrothermal method. The CDs were subsequently incorporated into pineapple stem starch (PSS)-based active food packaging films. The characterization of the CDs and PSS-CDs films was conducted using various techniques, including UV-light spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Multifunctional poloxamer-based thermo-responsive hydrogel loaded with human lactoferricin niosomes: study on anti-bacterial activity, accelerate wound healing, and anti-inflammation.

Chronic wound infections are attributed to delayed tissue repair, which remains a major clinical challenge in long-term health care. Particularly, infections with antibiotic resistance have more serious effects on health, often resulting in unsuccessful treatments. Thus, antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-based therapy holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach to overcoming drug resistance.

Comparison between local-made and imported porous polyethylene orbital implant: a randomized controlled equivalence trial and multicenter study.

Aim: To compare the exposure rate, infection rate, percentage of enhancement, and success rate between Medpor and the three-dimensional printed polyethylene (3DP-PE) orbital implant in a preliminary report.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, equivalence, controlled trial was conducted at two institutes. The equivalent margin was ±10%.

Process Development for Fabricating 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone-Infiltrated Hydroxyapatite Bone Graft Granules: Effects of Infiltrated Solution Concentration and Agitating Liquid.

Bone grafts are commonly used in orthopedic and dental surgeries to facilitate bone repair and regeneration. A new type of bone graft, polycaprolactone-infiltrated three dimensionally printed hydroxyapatite (3DP HA/PCL), was previously developed by infiltrating polycaprolactone (PCL) into preformed three-dimensional-printed hydroxyapatite (3DP HA) that was fabricated using binder jetting technology combined with a low-temperature phase transformation process. However, when producing small granules, which are often used for bone grafting, issues of granule agglomeration emerged, complicating the application of this method.

Ternary Blends of Polypropylene Copolymer, Polyethylene and Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Fused Deposition Modeling Three-Dimensional Printing Technology: Preparation, Printing and Properties.

A set of filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing was developed from the ternary blends of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR or P), high density polyethylene (HDPE or E), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU or T), formulated with different weight ratios of polymers, i.e., 80:20:0, 70:20:10, 60:20:20, and 50:20:30, respectively, and coded as P80E20T0, P70E20T10, P60E20T20, and P50E20T30, respectively.

The development of resin-coating materials for enhancing elemental release of coated glass ionomer cements.

This study aimed to develop resin coatings containing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), Sr/F-doped bioactive glass (Sr/F-BAGs), and pre-reacted glass ionomer fillers (SPG) that enhance ion release without detrimentally affecting the mechanical properties of GIC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of monomer conversion (DC), biaxial flexural strength, surface microhardness, and ion release of the GICs coated with experimental coating materials compared to a commercial product (EQUIA Coat, EC). Four experimental resin coating materials containing 10-20 wt% of MCPM with Sr/F-BAGs and 5-10 wt% SPG were prepared.

Photocatalytic removals of imidacloprid insecticide in TiO- and FeO-immobilized porous geopolymer granules.

In this study, geopolymer catalysts were synthesized by incorporating different TiO (0, 7, and 14 wt%) and FeO content (0, 7, 14, and 20 wt%) into porous metakaolin-based geopolymer granules. TiO- and FeO-immobilized geopolymer granules were applied for photocatalytic removals of imidacloprid under UV-C irradiation. The analysis of the surface morphology of the FeO catalyst revealed its larger surface area predominated with meso- and macro-pores thus providing a larger area for photocatalysis.

Synthesis and Characterization of Furan-Based Methacrylate Oligomers Containing the Imine Functional Group for Stereolithography.

Herein, a furan-based methacrylate oligomer (FBMO) featuring imine functional groups was synthesized for application in stereolithography. The preparation involved the imination reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and amino ethanol. Utilizing 5-HMF as a sustainable building block for furan-based polymers, FBMO was formulated and subsequently integrated into photosensitive resin formulations along with methacrylate-containing diluents, such as PEGDMA and TEGDMA.

The improvement of deformability in AA7075 alloy through cryogenic treatment and its correlation with microstructural evolution and FE modelling.

Cryogenic treatment has high potential for improving the deformation behavior through the recrystallization at a low temperature. In this work, true stress-strain curves were obtained via compression tests to understand the deformation behavior of an AA7075 under cryogenic conditions. Results showed a significant improvement in the flow stress of AA7075, increasing from 260 to 560 MPa at the yield point.

High efficiency azo dye removal via a combination of adsorption and photocatalytic processes using heterojunction Titanium dioxide nanoparticles on hierarchical porous carbon.

Amidst the rapid development of the textile industry, wastewater problems also arise. High-performance materials for reactive black 5 (RB5) dye treatment by adsorption and photocatalysis were evolved using Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles on carbon media. Herein, the synthesis of spherical carbon via the water-in-oil emulsion method alongside a sol-gel process and the production of TiO nanoparticles using the precipitation procedure of Titanium isopropoxide and carbonization at 700-900 °C for 2 h are a novel approach in this work.

Evaluating the effectiveness of Mangrove rehabilitation: A novel approach for sustainable coastal management.

We used UAV-LiDAR technology and other advanced remote sensing techniques to evaluate mangrove rehabilitation projects along the eroding shoreline of the Upper Gulf of Thailand. Our results delineate the necessary biophysical conditions for successfully rehabilitating mangroves, establishing optimal conditions under which mangroves can naturally re-establish and thrive. Furthermore, we investigated the effectiveness of different coastal defense structures in fostering mangrove recolonization.

Effects of dispersing media on the rheological and tribological properties of basil seed mucilage-based thickened liquids.

The development of thickening powders for the management of dysphagia is imperative due to the rapid growth of aging population and prevalence of the dysphagia. One promising thickening agent that can be used to formulate dysphagia diets is basil seed mucilage (BSM). This work investigates the effects of dispersing media, including water, milk, skim milk, and apple juice, on the rheological and tribological properties of the BSM-thickened liquids.

Preparation of High-Toughness Cellulose Nanofiber/Polylactic Acid Bionanocomposite Films via Gel-like Cellulose Nanofibers.

This study demonstrates a procedure for preparing gel-like cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in polyethylene glycol (PEG) to toughen polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite films. A well-dispersed solution of CNFs in ethanol was produced from microcrystalline cellulose by using a high-pressure microfluidizer. The fiber diameter of CNFs was found to be in the range of 80-100 nm.