The Intraosseous Subarcuate Loop of Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: Anatomic Management Guide, Single-Center MRI Study, and Scoping Review.

Background And Objectives: The intraosseous subarcuate loop (SL) is a unique variant of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), where a loop of the artery is trapped in the petrous bone's subarcuate fossa (SF). Recognizing this variant is crucial for planning cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgeries; however, data regarding its frequency and management vary in the published literature. A cohort from a single center was studied using MRI to assess its prevalence, and the findings were compared with the existing literature.

24-hour isolated aortic systolic hypertension phenotype and its association with carotid and cardiac damage: the SAFAR study.

The prevalence of systolic hypertension phenotypes based on simultaneous 24-h brachial (br) and aortic (ao) ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) remains unknown. We sought to describe their prevalence and associations with hypertension mediated organ damage (HMOD). Participants with 24-h br and ao ABPM, carotid ultrasound and echocardiography data were categorized into 4 systolic hypertension phenotypes: sustained systolic br and ao normotension (SSN), isolated br systolic hypertension (IbrSH), isolated ao systolic hypertension (IaoSH) and sustained br and ao systolic hypertension (SSH).

Respiratory Viruses in Patients With Hematological Malignancy in Boreal Autumn/Winter 2023-2024: EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA Report.

Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) significantly impact patients with hematological malignancies (HM), leading to high morbidity and mortality. However, large-scale, real-world data on CARV in these patients is limited. This study analyzed data from the EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA registry, focusing on patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season.

"Complete" duplication of the posterior cerebral artery: a rare variant detected on computed tomography angiography.

The cerebral arterial circle morphologic variability has been extensively studied. The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) variants are rarely identified, except from the first segment (P1) hypoplasia or absence. Due to its unique morphology, the computed tomography angiography (CTA) of a 34-year-old female patient was further investigated.

Attitudes of Health and Mental Health Professionals, and Police Staff towards Mentally Ill Offenders in Greece.

Mentally ill offenders face stigma, being perceived as both dangerous and unpredictable. This leads to social discrimination, which causes devaluation, distancing, and unequal treatment towards them. Critical and dismissive attitudes of healthcare professionals and police toward these patients undermine their care, treatment, and prospects for rehabilitation.

Mediterranean diet and brain functional connectivity in a population without dementia.

Introduction: Adjustable lifestyle factors, such as diet, are associated with cognitive functions, structural and functional brain measures, but the association between the functional connectivity (FC) and the Mediterranean Diet (Medicine) in population without dementia is yet to be explored.

Methods: The association between MeDi and brain FC in 105 individuals without dementia aged 63 (SD ± 8.72) years old who underwent brain MRI including resting-state (rs) functional MRI (fMRI) was examined.

Q4MRATools: Quantitative tools to microbial risk assessment.

In the context of the European Food Risk Assessment (EU-FORA) fellowship programme, the project 'Q4MRATools: Quantitative Tools to Microbial Risk Assessment' focused on training in predictive microbiology, experimental design and the use of advanced software tools like R, MATLAB, @Risk, DMFit and GInaFiT. The primary objective of this programme was to equip the fellow with foundational knowledge in quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRA), thereby contributing to the development of more effective and accurate food safety risk assessments. This initiative was part of a broader effort to address the evolving challenges in food safety by enhancing collaborative actions and developing robust food safety systems.

Maxillofacial Surgery Within the Archive of the Greek Surgeon of the 19th Century Theodoros Aretaios (1829-1893).

One of the most important figures of the Hellenic surgery of the 19 century, professor of the Othonian University of Athens, Theodoros Aretaios (1829-1893), portrays in his personal archives a series of surgical operations in the field of maxillofacial surgery. During his career, he operated the following surgical diseases, these are adenosarcomas or inosarcomas of the parotid region, osteofibroma of the sinus antrum, osteosarcomas of the upper and lower jaw, and lycostoma (cleft palate). He was able to perform radical enucleations of the tumorous masses.

Seasonal Variations in Birth Patterns in Greece: A Comprehensive Analysis of National Data From 1956 to 2022.

Introduction: The seasonality of human births has been studied globally for over two centuries, revealing diverse patterns across populations shaped by intricate interactions involving both biological and socio-cultural factors. This study offers a thorough examination of national birth data in Greece spanning from 1956 to 2022, aiming to elucidate long-term trends and changes in seasonal birth patterns.

Materials And Methods: Data on live births in Greece were categorized by month based on national registries, and the analysis of birth seasonality was conducted annually.

Adult-onset status epilepticus in patients with COQ8A coenzyme Q10 deficiency: A case series.

This case series describes the clinical features, diagnostic challenges, treatment approaches, and outcomes of three adult patients with COQ8A-related CoQ10 deficiency presenting with focal status epilepticus, who were effectively treated at the Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. The patients, all from consanguineous families with the first two being siblings, presented with a late onset of the disease, characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy, with clinical deterioration and focal status epilepticus occurring in adulthood. The first patient exhibited myoclonic status, while the second and third patients presented with bilateral tonic-clonic seizures followed by focal status epilepticus manifesting with cortical blindness.

Sudden cardiac death in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease marked by significant morbidity and mortality due to pulmonary vasculopathy and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Despite advances in PAH medical therapies which have improved clinical outcomes and survival, patients continue to face severe complications, including a notable incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The high arrhythmic burden, coupled with mechanical complications such as left main compression syndrome, pulmonary artery dissection, rupture, and severe hemoptysis, significantly contribute to the risk of SCD.

Assessing Disability in Thalassaemia: A Position Statement by the Thalassaemia International Federation.

Thalassemia is not currently conceived per se as a disability, but it can be a disability-inducing condition if poorly treated or as complications increase with age. People living with thalassemia do not wish, on the one hand, to be considered disabled persons to avoid stigma and loss of opportunities to achieve social inclusion in all paths of life while, on the other, they are in need of lifelong appropriate, disease-specific health and social care, including disability allowances and schemes, in order to be able to smoothly integrate into society and achieve professional, educational, personal, and social goals. The ongoing debate on whether thalassemia is a disability or not is thus complex and inconclusive and has created a vast heterogeneity of policies and approaches across the globe.

Model organisms for investigating the functional involvement of NRF2 in non-communicable diseases.

Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are most commonly characterized by age-related loss of homeostasis and/or by cumulative exposures to environmental factors, which lead to low-grade sustained generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), chronic inflammation and metabolic imbalance. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is a basic leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates the cellular redox homeostasis. NRF2 controls the expression of more than 250 human genes that share in their regulatory regions a cis-acting enhancer termed the antioxidant response element (ARE).

European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for melanoma. Part 2: Treatment - Update 2024.

A unique collaboration of multi-disciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on cutaneous melanoma diagnosis and treatment, based on systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. Cutaneous melanomas are excised with one to two-centimeter safety margins. For a correct stage classification and treatment decision, a sentinel lymph node biopsy shall be offered in patients with tumor thickness ≥ 1.

Accuracy of Controlled Attenuation Parameter for Liver Steatosis in High-Risk Patients for MASLD Using MRI-Proton Density Fat Fraction as Reference Standard.

Aim: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) enables the noninvasive diagnosis of liver steatosis. Magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) is increasingly used over biopsy for the assessment of steatosis in patients at risk for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We assessed the accuracy of CAP for liver steatosis defined as MRI-PDFF ≥ 5%.

Association between simple, combined lipid markers and 20-year cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes: the ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022).

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between simple, combined lipid biomarkers, and 20-year cumulative incidence of new type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adults participating in the ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022).

Methods: The present analysis included data from 2000 individuals free of T2DM at baseline (age 43 ± 13 years; 51% women). Sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, clinical, and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline and follow-up examinations; combined lipid markers were evaluated.

Coracobrachialis muscle variants in human fetuses.

Purpose: The current cadaveric study on human fetuses demonstrates the coracobrachialis muscle variability. It further analyzes the embryological and phylogenetic background as well as the coracobrachialis muscle variability in adults.

Materials: Classical (gross anatomy) dissection was performed on 140 (34 male and 36 female) upper limbs of human fetuses, 10 % formalin-fixed.

Microembolic signal detection in acute ischemic stroke: Clinical relevance and impact on treatment individualization-A narrative review.

Background: Microembolic signals (MES) can be detected using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound in several clinical scenarios, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This narrative review aims to provide insights into their role in AIS patient management and outcomes.

Methods: The present narrative review consolidates current observational and randomized evidence on the prevalence and clinical relevance of MES in different AIS subtypes and settings.