The Causal Effect of Adult Height on Late-Life Handgrip Strength: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Background: Adult height has been associated with handgrip strength, which is a surrogate marker of physical frailty. However, it is uncertain if this association is causative or due to confounding bias.

Methods: We evaluated pairwise associations among handgrip strength, adult height, and genetically determined height (using a polygenic score [PGS] for height in a mediation framework and a 2-sample Mendelian randomization approach) by means of a multivariable regression model using a prospective cohort of Chinese living in Singapore.

Symmetric activation and modulation of the human calcium-sensing receptor.

The human extracellular calcium-sensing (CaS) receptor controls plasma Ca levels and contributes to nutrient-dependent maintenance and metabolism of diverse organs. Allosteric modulation of the CaS receptor corrects disorders of calcium homeostasis. Here, we report the cryogenic-electron microscopy reconstructions of a near-full-length CaS receptor in the absence and presence of allosteric modulators.

Variable Heights Influence Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Reactive Strength Index during Drop Jump: An Experimental Study of Male High Jumpers.

Introduction: This study finds the lower limbs' reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters on variable heights.

Objective: This research aims to reveal the effects of drop height on lower limbs' reactive strength index and biomechanical parameters.

Methods: Two AMTI force platforms and Vicon motion capture system were used to collect kinematic and dynamic signals of the lower limbs.

Cholesterol-enriched membrane micro-domaindeficiency induces doxorubicin resistancevia promoting autophagy in breast cancer.

Drug resistance has become one of the largest challenges for cancer chemotherapies. Under certain conditions, cancer cells hijack autophagy to cope with therapeutic stress, which largely undermines the chemo-therapeutic efficacy. Currently, biomarkers indicative of autophagy-derived drug resistance remain largely inclusive.

Identification of novel loci influencing refractive error in East Asian populations using an extreme phenotype design.

The global "myopia boom" has raised significant international concerns. Despite a higher myopia prevalence in Asia, previous large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were mostly based on European descendants. Here, we report a GWAS of spherical equivalent (SE) in 1852 Chinese Han individuals with extreme SE from Guangzhou (631 < -6.

The Status and Associated Factors of Successful Aging among Older Adults Residing in Longevity Areas in China.

Objective: This study aims to assess the status of successful aging (SA) in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old.

Methods: A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing.