Long-term Impact of Carotid Endarterectomy on Choroidal and Choriocapillaris Perfusion: The INFLATE Study.

Purpose: When performed for clinically significant carotid artery stenosis (CAS), the long-term impact of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) on choroidal and choriocapillaris (CC) circulation was studied using swept-source OCT angiography.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Participants: Patients with clinically significant CAS undergoing unilateral CEA.

Pandemic preparedness in Vietnam: a review of health system resilience and areas for improvement.

In this viewpoint, we explore Vietnam's health system vulnerabilities and its national response to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as critical areas of health system resilience, including health financing, workforce distribution, information systems, and governance. While Vietnam achieved early success through strong governance and mass vaccination campaigns, the pandemic revealed weaknesses in resource procurement, workforce imbalance, and limitations of its health information system. There are challenges in ensuring the rapid disbursement of financial resources and reliance on imported medical supplies, which delayed response times.

Relationship between handgrip strength and timed up-and-go test on hospitalization costs in older adults: a population-based study.

Background: Weak handgrip strength and slow timed up-and-go (TUG) time are known risk factors for hospitalization among older adults; however, few studies have investigated the relationships between these physical tests and future hospitalization costs.

Methods: We used data from 13,613 participants in the population-based Singapore Chinese Health Study who underwent assessment for handgrip strength and TUG time at a mean age of 74 years. Hospitalization costs for the subsequent year, among those who survived for at least one year thereafter, were ascertained via linkage with administrative healthcare finance data.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis interplay.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are increasingly prevalent cardiovascular conditions, particularly among the elderly population. These two conditions share common risk factors and often coexist, leading to a complex interplay that alters the clinical course of each other. The pathophysiology of HFpEF is multifaceted and intricately linked, with atrial disease serving as a common pathophysiological pathway.

Beyond Polymerization: In Situ Coupled Fluorination Enables More Stable Interfaces for Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

In situ polymerization strategies hold great promise for enhancing the physical interfacial stability in solid-state batteries, yet (electro)chemical degradation of polymerized interfaces, especially at high voltages, remains a critical challenge. Herein, we find interphase engineering is crucial for the polymerization process and polymer stability and pioneer an in situ polymerization-fluorination (Poly-FR) strategy to create durable interfaces with excellent physical and (electro)chemical stabilities, achieved by designing a bifunctional initiator for both polymerization and on-surface lithium donor reactions. The integrated in situ fluorination converts LiCO impurities on LiNiCoMnO (NCM811) surfaces into LiF-rich interphases, effectively inhibiting the aggressive (de)lithiation intermediates and protecting the interface from underlying chemical degradation, thereby surpassing the stability limitations of polymerization alone.

Homozygous missense variant in causes early-onset neurodegeneration, leukoencephalopathy and autoinflammation.

Biallelic pathogenic variants in cause a fatal autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent autoinflammation, hypomyelination, progressive neurodegeneration, microcephaly, failure to thrive, liver dysfunction, respiratory chain defects and accumulation of glycogen in skeletal muscle. No missense variants in have been reported to date.We report a 6-year-old boy with microcephaly, global developmental delays, lower limb spasticity with hyperreflexia, epilepsy, abnormal brain MRI, failure to thrive, recurrent fevers and transaminitis.

The Ethics of Ozempic and Wegovy.

Semaglutide, sold under the brand names of Ozempic, Rybelsus and Wegovy, is one of the most popular drugs on the market. Manufactured by Novo Nordisk, semaglutide is the newest in a family of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists used most commonly to treat type II diabetes. To date, the results of semaglutide for the treatment of type II diabetes have been overwhelmingly positive.

Primary Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma on 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT.

Primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is extremely rare. We present the 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT findings in a 56-year-old woman with pathologically confirmed primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT showed a higher uptake value than 18F-FDG PET/CT in the pulmonary lesion.

The ReAct project: Analysis of data from 23 different laboratories to characterise DNA recovery given two sets of activity level propositions.

The ReAct (Recovery, Activity) project is an ENFSI (European Network of Forensic Science Institutes) supported initiative comprising a large consortium of laboratories. Here, the results from more than 23 laboratories are presented. The primary purpose was to design experiments simulating typical casework circumstances; collect data and to implement Bayesian networks to assess the value (i.

Biomechanical analysis of step-up and step-down tasks in knee osteoarthritis: Insights from leading and trailing limbs.

Background: Stair climbing tests are pivotal when assessing physical performance in knee osteoarthritis patients, yet the biomechanical strategies that underpin poor stair climbing ability are heterogeneously reported. Single step tasks emulate a step-by-step gait pattern, an approach associated with knee pain when stair climbing. The objective of this study is to analyse the biomechanics and electromyography activity of both the leading and trailing limbs during single Step-up and Down tasks in knee osteoarthritis patients.

Assessing stroke-induced abnormal muscle coactivation in the upper limb using the surface EMG co-contraction Index: A systematic review.

Electromyography (EMG) is increasingly used in stroke assessment research, with studies showing that EMG co-contraction (EMG-CC) of upper limb muscles can differentiate stroke patients from healthy individuals and correlates with clinical scales assessing motor function. This suggests that EMG-CC has potential for both assessing motor impairments and monitoring recovery in stroke patients. However, systematic reviews on EMG-CC's effectiveness in stroke assessment are lacking.

Precision Oncology: A Global Perspective on Implementation and Policy Development.

Despite the acknowledged merits of precision oncology (PO) and its increasing global implementation, its full potential for advancing care and prevention remains unrealized. The benefits are currently accessible to only limited patient segments because of multifaceted barriers. Successful implementation hinges on various factors-scientific complexities not limited to technical, clinical, regulatory, economic, administrative, and health care policy-related challenges.

Leptospirosis, melioidosis, and rickettsioses in the vicious circle of neglect.

The global priorities in the field of infectious diseases are constantly changing. While emerging viral infections have regularly dominated public health attention, which has only intensified after the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous bacterial diseases have previously caused, and continue to cause, significant morbidity and mortality-deserving equal attention. Three potentially life-threatening endemic bacterial diseases (leptospirosis, melioidosis, and rickettsioses) are a huge public health concern especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Cessation vs. no cessation of acetylsalicylic acid preoperatively in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (CAPTAIN): interim report from a multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of antiplatelet agent use and the lack of high-quality evidence, the CAPTAIN trial aimed to investigate the safety and provide recommendations on continuing acetylsalicylic acid perioperatively in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (LIHR).

Methods: The CAPTAIN trial was a multicentre, surgeon blind, randomized controlled trial conducted from April 2016 to April 2023. Patients undergoing LIHR were eligible for inclusion.

The Brussels consensus for non-invasive ICP monitoring when invasive systems are not available in the care of TBI patients (the B-ICONIC consensus, recommendations, and management algorithm).

Background: Invasive systems are commonly used for monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are considered the gold standard. The availability of invasive ICP monitoring is heterogeneous, and in low- and middle-income settings, these systems are not routinely employed due to high cost or limited accessibility. The aim of this consensus was to develop recommendations to guide monitoring and ICP-driven therapies in TBI using non-invasive ICP (nICP) systems.

Rapid Charge Transfer Endowed by Heteroatom Doped Z-Scheme Van Der Waals Heterojunction for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Constructing heterojunctions between phase interfaces represents a crucial strategy for achieving excellent photocatalytic performance, but the absence of sufficient interface driving force and limited charge transfer pathway leads to unsatisfactory charge separation processes. Herein, a doping-engineering strategy is introduced to construct a In─N bond-bridged InS nanocluster modified S doped carbon nitride (CN) nanosheets Z-Scheme van der Waals (VDW) heterojunctions (InS/CNS) photocatalyst, and the preparation process just by one-step pyrolysis using the pre-coordination confinement method. Specifically, S atoms doping enhances the bond strength of In─N and forms high-quality interfacial In─N linkage which serves as the atomic-level interfacial "highway" for improving the interfacial electrons migration, decreasing the charge recombination probability.

Gender differences in early posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a network analysis.

Despite known gender/sex differences in the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), potential differences in the associations among PTSD symptoms between men and women in the early post-trauma period are not well-characterized. This study utilized network analysis to assess potential differences in the associations among PTSD symptom clusters between men and women during the early post-trauma period. We included  = 475 participants (57.

Reverse Time-to-Death as Time-Scale in Time-to-Event Analysis for Studies of Advanced Illness and Palliative Care.

Incidence of adverse outcome events rises as patients with advanced illness approach end-of-life. Exposures that tend to occur near end-of-life, for example, use of wheelchair, oxygen therapy and palliative care, may therefore be found associated with the incidence of the adverse outcomes. We propose a concept of reverse time-to-death (rTTD) and its use for the time-scale in time-to-event analysis based on partial likelihood to mitigate the time-varying confounding.

Reproductive and Hormonal Factors and Thyroid Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Given the female predominance of thyroid cancer (TC), particularly in the reproductive age range, female sex hormones have been proposed as an aetiology; however, previous epidemiological studies have shown conflicting results. We conducted a pooled analysis using individual data from 9 prospective cohorts in the Asia Cohort Consortium, to explore the association between 10 female reproductive and hormonal factors and TC risk. Using Cox proportional hazards models, cohort-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated and then pooled using a random-effects model.

Correction: transplantation of intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids with decellularized liver-derived hydrogels supports hepatic cellular proliferation and differentiation in chronic liver injury.

Correction for ' transplantation of intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids with decellularized liver-derived hydrogels supports hepatic cellular proliferation and differentiation in chronic liver injury' by Impreet Kaur , , 2025, , 918-928, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TB01503G.