Application of AVL BOOST modeling to optimize the engine working load and drivetrain transmission ratio of the diesel firefighting pump system.

The drivetrain is an essential component of the diesel firefighting pump system, affecting the engine's operating mode, power, economy, and environment. This study proposes a process to design and optimize the transmission ratio and working load of the diesel firefighting pump system. AVL BOOST software was used to model the 6-cylinder diesel engine and analyze the performance characteristics at its partial loads as parameters for finding the optimal transmission ratio of the drivetrain.

Microalgae - bacteria based wastewater treatment systems: Granulation, influence factors and pollutants removal.

Wastewater treatment based on microalgae and bacteria symbiosis is an environmentally friendly, sustainable technology that has attracted attention recently because of its high efficiency in treating pollutants, saving energy, and short-term biomass recovery. Among them, the granular microalgae and bacteria combination emerges with the advantages of rapid gravity settling, good resistance to adverse environmental conditions, outstanding wastewater treatment performance, and easy biomass recovery. This review aims to clarify the microalgal-bacterial granule (MBG) - based process for wastewater treatment.

A length-band fluorescence-based paper analytical device for detecting dipicolinic acid ofloxacin complexation with Cu.

Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a key biomarker of bacterial spores. In this study, we present a novel distance-based paper analytical device (d-PAD) for the fluorescence sensing of DPA. The detection mechanism relies on the complexation of ofloxacin (OFL) with Cu ions, where Cu quenches the fluorescence of OFL static quenching.

Improving properties of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol films using cashew nut testa extract: potential applications in food packaging.

Cashew nut testa, a by-product of cashew nut processing, is abundant in phenolic compounds and exhibits strong antioxidant properties, making it a potential additive for enhancing the antioxidant properties of biodegradable films used in food packaging. This study explores the fabrication of biodegradable chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol films incorporating varying concentrations of cashew nut testa extract (CNTE; 0, 1, 2 and 3% v/v) and evaluates their physical, structural, mechanical, optical and antioxidant properties. The results demonstrate that increasing extract concentration generally increased the thickness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, thermal stability and antioxidant capacity of the films, while reducing the moisture content, swelling degree, elongation at break, and light transmittance.

Design and implementation of a field robot using a parallelogram mechanism.

To meet various industrial requirements such as ease of motion, scalability, and cost efficiency, it is necessary to innovate the design of robotic platforms. In this research, a novel approach, from mechanical design to control implementation, is introduced for launching a robotic platform using a parallelogram mechanism. First, a reverse engineering process is applied, progressing from kinematics to dynamics.

Preparation strategies, properties highlights, and emerging applications across environmental, biological, and energy industries of silver-loaded graphitic carbon nitride: A critical review.

In light of escalating environmental pollution and tremendous energy shortage, the development of multifunctional materials with diverse applications across biomedical and energy production platforms has become imperative. Among this domain, nanostructured heterogeneous composites based on semiconductors are exclusively promising owing to their distinct configurations. Notably, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN (CN)) has drawn substantial interest as a sustainable candidate with surface functionality, electron-rich nature, and interconnected conjugation system along the polymeric matrix.

Advancing sustainable rice production in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta insights from ecological farming systems in An Giang Province.

Rice serves as a crucial staple food crop for half of the world's population. In the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), rice production plays a vital role in national food security. However, the majority of the existing intensified rice cultivation schemes in the VMD, which are typically traditional, have rendered many farmers' livelihoods unsustainable due to issues such as land degradation, water pollution, health risks, and low profitability.

Molecular evolution and genotype shift of Porcine circoviruses type 2 in Vietnam.

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), a significant pathogen in the global swine industry, causes Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases (PCVAD), contributing to substantial economic losses. This study investigates the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of PCV2 in Vietnam from 2007 to 2023. We sequenced and analyzed 47 PCV2 genomes isolated from swine farms across Vietnam between 2022 and 2023, revealing predominant circulation of PCV2d (80.

Green synthesized silver nanoparticles, a sustainable approach for fruit and vegetable preservation: An overview.

Nanotechnology in which silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received more interest in fruits and vegetables (FaV) preservation due to their anti-microorganism properties. There are various approaches to synthesizing AgNPs, in which biological reduction, especially plant extraction containing bioactive compounds, is considered non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economically viable. AgNPs can be applied for FaV preservation by immersing or incorporating AgNPs into the edible coating or wrapper film.

Promoted Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Pure Water on g-CN with Nitrogen Defects Constructed through Solvent-Precursor Interactions: Exploring a Complex Story in Piezo-Photocatalysis.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) production via oxygen (O) reduction reaction (ORR) in pure water (HO) through graphitic carbon nitrides (g-CN)-based piezo-photocatalysts is an exciting approach in many current studies. However, the low Lewis-acid properties of g-CN limited the catalytic performance because of the low O adsorption efficacy. To overcome this challenge, the interaction of g-CN precursors with various solvents are utilized to synthesize g-CN, possessing multiple nitrogen-vacant species via thermal shocking polymerization.

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater: Progress in resource and energy recovery improvement approaches.

Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) offer promise in municipal wastewater treatment, with potential benefits including high-quality effluent, energy recovery, sludge reduction, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. However, AnMBR face hurdles like membrane fouling, low energy recovery, etc. In light of net-zero carbon target and circular economy strategy, this work sought to evaluate novel AnMBR configurations, focusing on performance, fouling mitigation, net-energy generation, and nutrients-enhancing integrated configurations, such as forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD), bioelectrochemical systems (BES), membrane photobioreactor (MPBR), and partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A).

Magnetic raspberry-like CuCo nanoalloy-embedded carbon as an enhanced activator of Oxone to degrade azo contaminant: Cu-induced hollowed structure and boosted activities.

Azo compounds, particularly azo dyes, are widely used but pose significant environmental risks due to their persistence and potential to form carcinogenic by-products. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are effective in degrading these stubborn compounds, with Oxone activation being a particularly promising method. In this study, a unique nanohybrid material, raspberry-like CuCo alloy embedded carbon (RCCC), is facilely fabricated using CuCo-glycerate (Gly) as a template.

Evolving pathways towards water security in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: An adaptive management perspective.

The interplay of climate change, upstream hydropower development, and local water engineering interventions for agricultural production contributes substantially to the transformation of waterscapes and water scarcity in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. This paper aims to examine how these dynamics are linked to the paradigm shift in water management in An Giang and Ben Tre, the two ecologically distinct provinces that face serious water scarcity in the delta. We used the adaptive management concept to examine how state-led policy directions from food security towards water security enable change in water management that gives priority to water retention.

Defect-Driven MoS Nanosheets toward Enhanced Sensing Sensitivity.

In this study, S-deficient MoS was prepared using proton irradiation and then applied as sensing materials for the detection of NO gas. First, bulk MoS was treated by ultrasonics to produce 2D nanosheets of MoS, which were subsequently bombarded by a flux of high-energy protons, resulting in the appearance of structural defects throughout MoS. The proton fluxes were adjusted to different densities of 1 × 10, 1 × 10, 1 × 10, and 1 × 10 ions/cm.

Simultaneously Utilizing Excited Holes and Electrons for Piezoelectric-Enhanced Photoproduction of HO from S-Scheme 2D S-Doped VO/g-CN Nanostructures.

2D/2D step-scheme (S-scheme) piezo-photocatalysts for the production of fine chemicals, such as hydrogen peroxide (HO), have attracted significant attention of global scientists owing to the efficiency in utilizing surface piezoelectric effects from 2D materials to overcome rapid charge recombination in photocatalytic processes. In this research, we reported the fabrication of 2D S-doped VO deposited on 2D g-CN to produce HO via the piezo-photocatalytic process with high production yields at 20.19 mmol g h, which was 1.

Dietary fiber-and antioxidant-enriched cookies prepared by using jackfruit rind powder and ascorbic acid.

The demand for dietary fiber-rich cookies has increased due to customer awareness about the importance of dietary fiber in human health. In addition, the urge of creating food sustainability has led to the need to reuse food by-products. In this study, dietary fiber-rich cookies were developed by incorporating jackfruit rind (JFR) powder, a by-product of jackfruit processing, as a replacement for wheat flour.

Characterization and biological prospects of various calcined temperature-VO nanoparticles synthesized by Citrus hystrix fruit extract.

In this study, a simple green synthesis of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (VNPs) was prepared by the extract of Kaffir lime fruit (Citrus hystrix) as a green reducing and stabilizing agent, along with the investigation of calcination temperature was carried out at 450 and 550 °C. It was affirmed that, at higher temperature (550 °C), the VNPs possessed a high degree crystalline following the construction of (001) lattice diffraction within an increase in crystalline size from 47.12 to 53.

Deseasonalized trend of ground-level ozone and its precursors in an industrial city Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Mitigating ground-level ozone (GLO) remains challenging due to its highly nonlinear formation process. Thus, understanding GLO pollution trends is crucial for developing effective control strategies, especially Kaohsiung industrial city, Taiwan. Based on the long-term monitoring data set of 2011-2022, temporal analysis reveals that monthly mean GLO peaks in autumn (40.

Premise setting for sustainable developing adsorption in environmental remediation using graphitic carbon nitride@agar-derived porous carbon composite.

In the adsorption process for wastewater treatment, the adsorbent plays an important role. A composite adsorptive material composed of graphitic carbon nitride and agar-derived porous carbon (CNPC) was fabricated from simple precursors (melamine, thiourea, and agar) and through a facile procedure with different melamine and thiourea ratios. Characterization of CNPC proved a successful formation of a porous structure consisting of mesopores and macropores, wherein CNPC holds distinctive electrochemical (lowered resistance and higher specific capacity) and photochemical properties (lowered bandgap to 2.

Quality of High-Fibre Pasta Supplemented with Watermelon Rind Powder with Different Particle Sizes.

Research Background: Watermelon rind, a by-product of watermelon juice processing, contains large amounts of dietary fibre and phenols with antioxidant capacity. The use of agro-industrial by-products would both improve economic benefits and reduce environmental emissions. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of the particle size of watermelon rind powder on the quality of high-fibre pasta.

Severe Pneumonia Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Adenovirus in Children from 2 to 24 Months at Children's Hospital 1 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

In Vietnam, due to the lack of facilities to detect respiratory viruses from patients' specimens, there are only a few studies on the detection of viral pathogens causing pneumonia in children, especially respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus (Adv). Here, we performed a cross-sectional descriptive prospective study on 138 children patients from 2 to 24 months old diagnosed with severe pneumonia hospitalized at the Respiratory Department of Children's Hospital 1 from November 2021 to August 2022. The number of patients selected in this study was based on the formula n = ([Z(1 - α/2)]2 × P [1 - P])/d2, with α = 0.