Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids Extracts Alleviate Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells via Naturally Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense Responses.

In this study, bamboo leaf flavonoids extracts (BFE) were employed to alleviate oxidative stress induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells. Biochemical indexes, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, lipid droplets accumulation, antioxidant enzymes production, and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined to show the alleviation performance of BFE intervention (P < 0.05).

Factors influencing unsafe behaviors: A supervised learning approach.

Despite its potential, the use of machine learning in safety studies had been limited. Considering machine learning's advantage in predictive accuracy, this study used a supervised learning approach to evaluate the relative importance of different cognitive factors within the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) in influencing safety behavior. Data were collected from 80 workers in a tunnel construction project using a TRA-based questionnaire.

Numerical modeling of two-photon focal modulation microscopy with a sinusoidal phase filter.

A spatiotemporal phase modulator (STPM) is theoretically investigated using the vectorial diffraction theory. The STPM is equivalent to a time-dependent phase-only pupil filter that alternates between a homogeneous filter and a stripe-shaped filter with a sinusoidal phase distribution. It is found that two-photon focal modulation microscopy (TPFMM) using this STPM can significantly suppress the background contribution from out-of-focus ballistic excitation and achieve almost the same resolution as two-photon microscopy.

Structural Modification of Fish Gelatin by the Addition of Gellan, κ-Carrageenan, and Salts Mimics the Critical Physicochemical Properties of Pork Gelatin.

Unlabelled: Pork gelatin is not suitable for halal and kosher application; however, fish gelatin (FG) can be modified for use as a pork gelatin (PG) mimetic. Herein, low-acyl gellan (GE), κ-carrageenan (KC), and salts (CaCl or KCl) were combined with a 180 Bloom tilapia FG. A formulation comprising 5.

Causal Factors of Corruption in Construction Project Management: An Overview.

The development of efficient and strategic anti-corruption measures can be better achieved if a deeper understanding and identification of the causes of corruption are established. Over the past years, many studies have been devoted to the research of corruption in construction management (CM). This has resulted in a significant increase in the body of knowledge on the subject matter, including the causative factors triggering these corrupt practices.

Construction accident narrative classification: An evaluation of text mining techniques.

Learning from past accidents is fundamental to accident prevention. Thus, accident and near miss reporting are encouraged by organizations and regulators. However, for organizations managing large safety databases, the time taken to accurately classify accident and near miss narratives will be very significant.

Identification and Quantification of Volatile Chemical Spoilage Indexes Associated with Bacterial Growth Dynamics in Aerobically Stored Chicken.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as chemical spoilage indexes (CSIs) of raw chicken breast stored aerobically at 4, 10, and 21 °C were identified and quantified using solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The growth dynamics of total viable count (TVC), psychrotrophs, Pseudomonas spp., lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Brochothrix thermosphacta and H2 S producing bacteria were characterized based on maximum growth rates (μmax ), maximal microbial concentration (Nmax ) and at the moment of microbial shelf life (Svalues ), calculated from Gompertz-fitted growth curves.

Structure and Antioxidant Activities of Proanthocyanidins from Elephant Apple (Dillenia indica Linn.).

Unlabelled: Proanthocyanidins were isolated and purified from fruits of elephant apple (Dillenia indica Linn.) and their structural and bioactive properties were examined. Bate-Smith alcoholysis, FTIR, and (13) C NMR spectra revealed that elephant apple proanthocyanidins (EAPs) contained a dominant amount of B-type procyanidins (PC) with a minor amount of B-type prodelphinidins (PD) but no A-type interflavan linkage.

The Glycemic Potential of White and Red Rice Affected by Oil Type and Time of Addition.

Unlabelled: Limited research exists on how different oil types and time of addition affect starch digestibility of rice. This study aimed to assess the starch digestibility of white and red rice prepared with 2 oil types: vegetable oil (unsaturated fat) and ghee (clarified butter, saturated fat) added at 3 different time points during the cooking process ("before": frying raw rice in oil before boiling, "during": adding oil during boiling, and "after": stir-frying cooked rice in oil). Red rice produced a slower digestion rate than white rice.

Bicarbonate-dependent effect of hydrogen sulfide on vascular contractility in rat aortic rings.

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), an endogenous gaseous mediator, produces both vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction at different concentrations. We found in the present study that NaHS, an H(2)S donor, produced stronger vasorelaxant and weaker vasoconstrictive effects in HEPES solution compared with those achieved in Krebs solution. We further screened the buffer components and found that bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)) was the ion to influence the effect of H(2)S.

Vasoconstrictive effect of hydrogen sulfide involves downregulation of cAMP in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), a new endogenous mediator, produces both vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction. This study was designed to examine whether cAMP mediates the vasoconstrictive effect of H(2)S. We found that NaHS at a concentration range of 10-100 microM (yields approximately 3-30 microM H(2)S) concentration-dependently reversed the vasodilation caused by isoprenaline and salbutamol, two beta-adrenoceptor agonists, and forskolin, a selective adenylyl cyclase activator, in phenylephrine-precontracted rat aortic rings.

Quantitative cellular description of gastric slow wave activity.

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are responsible for the spontaneous and omnipresent electrical activity in the stomach. A quantitative description of the intracellular processes whose coordinated activity is believed to generate electrical slow waves has been developed and is presented here. In line with recent experimental evidence, the model describes how the interplay between the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum in cycling intracellular Ca(2+) provides the primary regulatory signal for the initiation of the slow wave.

Role of PKC-delta on substance P-induced chemokine synthesis in pancreatic acinar cells.

Interaction of the neuropeptide substance P (SP) with its high-affinity neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. SP is known to stimulate the production of chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, and MIP-2 in pancreatic acinar cells via the activation of NF-kappaB. However, the signaling mechanisms by which the SP-NK1R interaction induces NF-kappaB activation and chemokine production remain unclear.

Effect of CP-96,345 on the expression of adhesion molecules in acute pancreatitis in mice.

We investigated the effect of a specific neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonist, CP-96,345, on the regulation of the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin as well as leukocyte recruitment during acute pancreatitis (AP). AP was induced in male Balb/C mice by 10 consecutive hourly intraperitoneal injections of caerulein. In the treatment groups, CP-96,345 was administered at 2.

Cardioprotective effects of nitroparacetamol and paracetamol in acute phase of myocardial infarction in experimental rats.

We aimed to determine whether nitroparacetamol (NO-paracetamol) and paracetamol exhibit cardioprotective effects. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rats, and drug treatment was started 1 wk before surgery. Mortality rate and infarct size at 2 days after MI were compared.

Treatment with bindarit, a blocker of MCP-1 synthesis, protects mice against acute pancreatitis.

Chemokines are believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. We have earlier shown that pancreatic acinar cells produce the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in response to caerulein hyperstimulation, demonstrating that acinar-derived MCP-1 is an early mediator of inflammation in acute pancreatitis. Blocking chemokine production or action is a major target for pharmacological intervention in a variety of inflammatory diseases, such as acute pancreatitis.

Urotensin II causes fatal circulatory collapse in anesthesized monkeys in vivo: a "vasoconstrictor" with a unique hemodynamic profile.

Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide that has recently emerged as a likely contributor to cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Acute infusion of UII into nonhuman primates results in circulatory collapse and death; however, the exact cause of death is not well understood. This study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism underlying the fatal cardiovascular event on UII application in vivo in nonhuman primates.

Responses of photosynthesis to NaCl in gametophytes of Acrostichum aureum.

Gametophytes of Acrostichum aureum were cultured in 0.0 to 1.0% NaCl solutions or in NaCl-free solution and then transferred to 1.