Synergistic Effects of Moderate Therapeutic Hypothermia and Levosimendan on Cardiac Function and Survival After Asphyxia-Induced Cardiac Arrest in Rats.

Background This study investigated whether levosimendan, an inotropic calcium sensitizer, when combined with moderate therapeutic hypothermia, may exert synergistic benefits on post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction and improve outcomes. Methods and Results After 9.5-minute asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and resuscitation, 48 rats were randomized equally into 4 groups following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), including normothermia, hypothermia, normothermia-levosimendan, and hypothermia-levosimendan groups.

Impact of Transport Time and Cardiac Arrest Centers on the Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Should all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients be directly transported to cardiac arrest centers (CACs) remains under debate. Our study evaluated the impacts of different transport time and destination hospital on the outcomes of OHCA patients. Methods and Results Data were collected from 6655 OHCA patients recorded in the regional prospective OHCA registry database of Taoyuan City, Taiwan, between January 2012 and December 2016.

Optimized production and safety evaluation of hispidin-enriched mycelia.

, also known as the sanghuang mushroom, is a medicinal mushroom that has been recognized as beneficial to health for more thousands of years. Among its diverse valuable secondary metabolites, the yellow-brown styrylpyrone pigment hispidin has garnered significant attention due to its various pharmacological effects. However, recently after detailed morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the correct scientific name of the true sanghuang strains was shown not to be but .

Intraindividual variability in behavior shapes fitness landscapes.

Although intraindividual variability (IIV) in behavior is fundamental to ecological dynamics, the factors that contribute to the expression of IIV are poorly understood. Using an individual-based model, this study examined the effects of stochasticity on the evolution of IIV represented by the residual variability of behavior. The model describes a population of prey with nonoverlapping generations, in which prey take refuge upon encountering a predator.

Suppressing migration and invasion of H1299 lung cancer cells by honokiol through disrupting expression of an HDAC6-mediated matrix metalloproteinase 9.

Metastasis is the crucial mechanism to cause high mortality in lung cancer. Degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) by proteolytic enzymes, especially matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), is a key process for promoting cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, targeting MMPs might be a strategy for lung cancer metastasis suppression.

Impact of population aging on the presentation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Pan Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study.

Aim: As a population ages, it can impact on the characteristics and outcomes of cardiogenic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the age incidence of cardiogenic OHCA and population aging.

Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the Pan Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) database.

Heart Rhythm Complexity Predicts Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Heart rhythm complexity analysis has been shown to be useful in predicting outcomes in various diseases; however, data on patients with end-stage renal disease are limited. In this study, we analyzed the association between heart rhythm complexity and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving peritoneal dialysis.

Effect of L. on aorta endothelial damage-associated factors in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Hyperglycemia plays crucial roles in vascular disease development, including macrovascular and microvascular diseases from diabetes mellitus (DM). Our previous study demonstrated that L. (RTL) aqueous and ethanol extracts alleviate hyperglycemia and inhibit insulin resistance in diabetic rats.

Deciphering the Variability in Mg/Ca and Stable Oxygen Isotopes of Individual Foraminifera.

Foraminifera are commonly used in paleoclimate reconstructions as they occur throughout the world's oceans and are often abundantly preserved in the sediments. Traditionally, foraminifera-based proxies like δO and Mg/Ca are analyzed on pooled specimens of a single species. Analysis of single specimens of foraminifera allows reconstructing climate variability on timescales related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation or seasonality.

Census timing alters stage duration distributions in matrix population models.

Matrix population models are widely used to study the dynamics of stage-structured populations. A census in these models is an event monitoring the number of individuals in each stage and occurs at discrete time intervals. The two most common methods used in building matrix population models are the prebreeding census and postbreeding census.

Analysis of steroid hormones in shell eggs from layer breeds common to Taiwan by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Steroid hormones are often used in animal agriculture but are currently banned for use in domesticated fowl because residual hormones could be present in eggs for human consumption. Egg samples from eight common commercial poultry layer breeds (Hy-Line W-36, Hy-Line Brown, ISA-White, ISA-Brown, Lohnmann Ultra-Lite, Lohnmann-Brown, Hisex White, Hisex Brown) in Taiwan were screened for a combination of 15 natural and synthetic steroid hormones by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for consumer assurance. Only natural hormones such as progesterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, and testosterone were detected.

Rapid synthesis of hybrid methylammonium lead iodide perovskite quantum dots and rich MnI substitution favouring Pb-free warm white LED applications.

We present a facile room temperature synthesis of CHNHPb Mn I perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) substituting manganese (Mn) at the lead (Pb) sites to minimize environmental pollution and make it commercially feasible. By varying the concentration of Mn from 0 to 60%, the PQDs exhibit strong color tunability from red to orange color suggesting successful energy transfer due to Mn inclusion. We observed a high external photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 98% for unsubstituted CHNHPbI and >50% for up to 15% Mn substituted PQDs.

Reaction norm analysis reveals rapid shifts toward delayed maturation in harvested Lake Erie yellow perch ().

Harvested marine fish stocks often show a rapid and substantial decline in the age and size at maturation. Such changes can arise from multiple processes including fisheries-induced evolution, phenotypic plasticity, and responses to environmental factors other than harvest. The relative importance of these processes could differ systematically between marine and freshwater systems.

Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Antidiabetic Agents, and Midterm Mortality in Patients With Both Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background The aim of this study was to determine the influence of various antidiabetic therapies on the relationship between body mass index and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome. Methods and Results This was a prospective, observational study comprising 1193 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome. The patients were stratified into 4 body mass index categories, and their mortality rates were compared using time-dependent Cox regression analysis using normal weight (body mass index, 18.

Ureteric bud remnant with renal agenesis.

Introduction: Ureteric bud remnant with renal agenesis is a rare disorder when urogenic system develops. Because of no obvious symptoms, it is usually explored incidentally.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male presented with intermittent discharge of turbid fluid from his scrotum.

Risk Factors Associated With Altered Circulating Micro RNA -125b and Their Influences on Uremic Vascular Calcification Among Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Background Micro RNA -125b (miR-125b) has been shown to regulate vascular calcification ( VC ), and serum miR-125b levels are a potential biomarker for estimating the risk of uremic VC status. However, it is unknown whether clinical features, including chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder molecules, affect serum miR-125b levels. Methods and Results Patients receiving chronic dialysis for ≥3 months were recruited from different institutes.

Suppression of GeO interfacial layer and enhancement of the electrical performance of the high- gate stack by the atomic-layer-deposited AlN buffer layer on Ge metal-oxide-semiconductor devices.

For high-performance nanoscale Ge-based transistors, one important point of focus is interfacial germanium oxide (GeO ), which is thermodynamically unstable and easily desorbed. In this study, an atomic-layer-deposited AlN buffer layer was introduced between the crystalline ZrO high- gate dielectrics and epitaxial Ge, in order to reduce the formation of interfacial GeO . The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy demonstrate that the AlN buffer layer suppressed the formation of interfacial GeO .

Use of Spontaneous Reporting Systems to Detect Host-Medication Interactions: Sex Differences in Oral Anti-Diabetic Drug-Associated Myocardial Infarction.

Background Medical treatment should be tailored to an individual's characteristics to optimize treatment benefits. We examined whether case-only analyses from spontaneous reporting systems can detect host-medication interactions in oral antidiabetic drug-associated myocardial infarction. Methods and Results Interaction between sex and use of oral antidiabetic drugs was mined among patients with myocardial infarction in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from 2004 to 2014, including 55 718 males and 42 428 females.

Ameliorative effect of L. on hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus and glucose uptake in mouse C2C12 myoblasts.

L. (RTL) exhibits a wide range of phytochemical activities, for example, on treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), in Orient. There is, however, few study regarding the effect of RTL on glycemic-related homeostasis in type 2 DM (T2DM).

Preparation of 3-hydroxyquinolines from direct oxidation of dihydroquinolinium salts.

A series of functionalized 3,4-dihydroquinolinium salts were prepared from the reaction of aryldiazonium salt with alkene in a nitrile solution. Further oxidation yielding either 3-hydroxyquinoline or quinoline products was investigated. A one-pot process from aryldiazonium salts, alkenes and nitriles leading to 3-hydroxyquinolines was also developed.

Multitasking and the evolution of optimal clutch size in fluctuating environments.

Adaptive studies of avian clutch size variation across environmental gradients have resulted in what has become known as the fecundity gradient paradox, the observation that clutch size typically decreases with increasing breeding season length along latitudinal gradients, but increases with increasing breeding season length along elevational gradients. These puzzling findings challenge the common belief that organisms should reduce their clutch size in favor of additional nesting attempts as the length of the breeding season increases, an approach typically described as a bet-hedging strategy. Here, we propose an alternative hypothesis-the multitasking hypothesis-and show that laying smaller clutches represents a multitasking strategy of switching between breeding and recovery from breeding.

Stage duration distributions in matrix population models.

Matrix population models are a standard tool for studying stage-structured populations, but they are not flexible in describing stage duration distributions. This study describes a method for modeling various such distributions in matrix models. The method uses a mixture of two negative binomial distributions (parametrized using a maximum likelihood method) to approximate a target (true) distribution.