Sublethal effects of acidified water on sensorimotor responses and the transcriptome of zebrafish embryos.

Acidification of freshwater due to human activities is a widespread environmental problem. Its effects on the sensorimotor responses of fish, particularly during embryonic stages, may affect population fitness. To address this, zebrafish embryos were exposed to water at pH 7, 5 and 4.

Differences in epistemic justification profiles during conflicting socio-scientific information processing: A study of visual and memory-based behavior via eye-tracking.

How individuals process and understand controversial scientific issues with social implications has been linked to their beliefs about epistemic justification, which concern how knowledge claims can be justified. In this study, we used cluster analysis to classify undergraduate and graduate students (n = 46) based on their beliefs about epistemic justification and eye tracking to investigate how profiles of epistemic justification differed when processing and representing information about a particular socio-scientific issue. It was found that one cluster predominantly relied on justification by multiple sources, whereas two other clusters combined reliance on justification by multiple sources with either reliance on personal justification or justification by authority.

An updated checklist of fishes of Dongsha Island, Taiwan, northern South China Sea.

Dongsha Island, situated in the northern part of the South China Sea, is surrounded by coral reefs and deep-sea habitats. The coastal areas of the atoll, a marine protected area, serve as important nursery habitats for many reef fish species. At the same time, the offshore deep-sea continental slopes are historically important fishing grounds.

Neurobehavioral disorders among children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances during pregnancy.

Background: Exposure to illicit substances during pregnancy may have long-term impacts on children's neurodevelopment. This study explores subsequent risks for intellectual disability, autistic disorders, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances before or during pregnancy.

Methods: We identified women with illicit drug use by linking the police records from the "Substance Abuse Control Databases" and Taiwan Birth Registration and Birth Notification records from 2004 to 2014.

A cross-sectional study applying the PRECEDE model to explore factors influencing epidemic prevention behaviors among preschool educators.

Background: This study investigates the epidemic prevention behaviors of preschool educators and the factors influencing these behaviors, applying the PRECEDE model as a framework for analysis.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 190 preschool educators from public and private institutions in Taipei City and New Taipei City. A 64-item self-developed questionnaire was used to assess epidemic prevention behaviors and their determinants.

The Effect of Left Temporal EEG Neurofeedback Training on Cerebral Cortical Activity and Precision Cognitive-Motor Performance.

The present study employed individualized magnitudes of electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha (8-12 hz) power in the left temporal (T3) region as a neurofeedback target parameter during the aiming period in pre-elite air pistol shooters to determine its effectiveness on cerebral cortical activation and performance accuracy compared to physical skill training, only. Shooting scores and EEG activity in the left and right temporal regions were collected from 20 healthy air pistol shooters (10 assigned to neurofeedback training) before and after a 16-session intervention completed within 6 weeks. Specifically, EEG low-alpha (8-10 hz), high-alpha (10-13 hz) power, and coherence obtained at the T3-Fz and T4-Fz recording sites over three consecutive 1-s intervals prior to trigger pull, were subjected to three separate 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 (Group x Hemisphere x Time x Epoch) ANOVAs.

Whole-Body and Segmental Phase Angles and Cognitive Function in the Older Korean Population: Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Recently, the phase angle (PhA) has emerged as an essential indicator of cellular health. Most studies have examined its association with physiological conditions, such as sarcopenia, frailty, and physical function, in older populations. Simultaneously, growing attention is being paid to the clinical relevance of segmental PhAs for future applications.

Breaking the Hybrid Myth of Paphiopedilum wenshanense: Double Bifurcated Divergence Followed by Adaptive Introgression Formed a Morphological Intermediate.

Species with intermediate phenotypes are usually hypothesised to have originated from hybrid speciation. However, other mechanisms, such as double bifurcated speciation with introgression may create the same phenotypes. Clarifying the underlying process generating the observed intermediate morphology is important for conservation efforts, as it provides insights into the species' evolutionary background and adaptability.

Medication refills do not guarantee medication intake: translation and validation of the adherence to refills and medications scale in traditional Chinese among individuals with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan.

Objective: This study aimed to translate and validate the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale into Traditional Chinese (ChARMS-T) and to investigate common barriers to medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Taiwan.

Methods: The ChARMS-T was developed through translation and application phases. During the translation phase, the scale underwent forward translation, backward translation, and cognitive debriefing.

Assisting Standing Balance Recovery for Parkinson's Patients with a Lower-Extremity Exoskeleton Robot.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and always results in balance loss. Although studies in lower-extremity exoskeleton robots are ample, applications with a lower-extremity exoskeleton robot for PD patients are still challenging. This paper aims to develop an effective assistive control for PD patients with a lower-extremity exoskeleton robot to maintain standing balance while being subjected to external disturbances.

2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde, a Natural Product from Cinnamon, Alleviates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Microvascular Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Rats by Upregulating Cytosolic BAG3 and Nrf2/HO-1.

2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA), a natural product isolated from the bark of , has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. In this study, we explored whether HCA preconditioning could protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative injury through cytosolic Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) upregulation. In vivo HCA preconditioning was performed intraperitoneally in adult male Wistar rats (50 mg/kg body weight) three times/week for 2 weeks before cardiac I/R injury.

Fast, Highly Stable, and Low-Bandgap 2D Halide Perovskite Photodetectors Based on Short-Chained Fluorinated Piperidinium as a Spacer.

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite (HP), with attractive structural and optoelectronic properties, has shown great potential in optoelectrical devices. However, the relatively wide bandgap () and stability, which cause inferior efficiency, prevent its feasibility from further applications. To tackle these issues, for the first time, a novel fluorine-containing piperidinium spacer, (3-HCFCFCHOCH-PPH), abbreviated as (4FH-PPH), has been designed for the stable and efficient = 1 2D HPs.

Effect of cold-water immersion treatment on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage in the hamstring.

This study investigated the effect of five consecutive days of cold-water immersion (CWI) on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in the hamstrings following maximal eccentric contraction (EC) exercise. Eighteen healthy adult women were randomly assigned to a CWI group and a control group (CG) (n = 9/group). Participants performed 10 sets of 10 repetitions of isokinetic EC at 30°/second and underwent maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) assessment, straight leg raise (SLR) test, and plasma myoglobin (Mb) measurement.

Solution-processed spin organic light-emitting diodes based on antisolvent-treated 2D chiral perovskites with strong spin-dependent carrier transport.

Chiral perovskites, which are applied to spin organic light-emitting diodes as a spin-induced spin selectivity (CISS) layer, have attracted increasing amounts of attention. A device based on a thicker perovskite CISS layer leads to strongly spin-polarized EL emission. However, chiral perovskite films suffer from poor device performance due to difficulties in carrier injection and film quality.

Long-Range Temporal Correlations in Electroencephalography for Parkinson's Disease Progression.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) present progressive deterioration in both motor and non-motor manifestations. However, the absence of clinical biomarkers for disease progression hinders clinicians from tailoring treatment strategies effectively.

Objectives: To identify electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker that can track disease progression in PD.

Homoplantaginin Antagonizes -Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling in Aβ Oligomers-Induced Neuropathology/Toxicity.

Extracts from plants/herbals are great resources of drugs and nutrients. Baicalein, a component present in , was previously found to alleviate the abnormal depolarization brought about by Aβ oligomers. We extended this promising outcome by screening baicalein derivatives, and a natural compound named homoplantaginin was pinpointed.

A New Cryptic Species of Splitfin Fish from Taiwan with Revision of the Genus (Acropomatiformes: Synagropidae.

A new species of splitfin fish, sp. nov., from Dongsha Island, Taiwan, South China Sea, is described based on its morphological characteristics, including osteology and otolith morphology, and DNA sequence.

Adipose stem-cell-derived microvesicles ameliorate long-term bladder ischemia-induced bladder underactivity.

Background/purpose: The mechanism for long-term hypoxia/ischemia induced bladder underactivity is uncertain. It requires an effectively therapeutic treatment. Therefore, we determined the pathophysiologic mechanisms of long-term bilateral partial iliac arterial occlusion (BPAO)-induced bladder underactivity and explored the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and ADSC-derived microvesicles (MVs) on BPAO-induced bladder dysfunction.

Effects of Half-Time Re-Warm-Up With Core Strength Exercises on Subsequent Agility and Power Performance in Basketball Players.

Yang, Y-R, Chen, C, Pan, C-H, Yen, S-Y, and Cheng, C-F. Effects of half-time re-warm-up with core strength exercises on subsequent agility and power performance in basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 39(1): 62-69, 2025-This study investigated the effects of half-time re-warm-up (RW) comprising core strength exercise (CSE) on basketball players' subsequent power and change of direction (COD) performance.

Social distancing mediates clinical work and depression: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses.

Background: The psychological well-being of nurses, during the COVID-19 pandemic has become a critical area of concern. This study examines the psychological impact of the pandemic on nurses, focusing on the mediating role of perceived social distance between work units and depression.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with respondent driven sampling.

Effects of Eccentric Exercise of the Extensors on Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage of the Flexors in Limbs.

Introduction: We tested the hypothesis that muscle damage protection effect would be induced by its antagonist muscle eccentric exercise.

Methods: Sedentary young (20-28y) men were randomly assigned into six groups; three groups each for arm or leg exercise group (n = 12/group). One group performed two bouts of 30 maximal eccentric contractions (30MaxEC) of the elbow flexors (EF) or 60 maximal eccentric contractions (60MaxEC) of the knee flexors (KF) using a different arm (contra-EF-EF) or leg (contra-KF-KF) between bouts.

Rediscovery of the mysterious Taiwanese micromoth Pachyrhabda citrinacma Meyrick, 1936 (Stathmopodidae) in museum and field, with notes on the fern-spore feeding larva.

Pachyrhabda citrinacma Meyrick, 1936, an endemic species to Formosa (Taiwan), was named by Edward Meyrick based on two specimens collected by Syuti Issiki. Despite some newly discovered stathmopodids exhibiting characteristics matching the original description, the lack of information regarding the type specimen depository led to the species remaining elusive since its initial naming. In this study, we successfully rediscovered a P.

Unexpected Magnetic Moments in Manganese-Doped (CdSe) Nanoclusters: Role of Ligands.

This study explores the enhancement in magnetic and photoluminescence properties of Mn-doped (CdSe) nanoclusters, significantly influenced by the introduction of paramagnetic centers through doping, facilitated by optimized precursor chemistry and precisely controlled surface ligand interactions. Using a cost-effective and scalable synthesis approach with elemental Se and NaBH (Se-NaBH) in n-octylamine, we tailored bonding configurations (Cd-O, Cd-N, and Cd-Se) on the surface of nanoclusters, as confirmed by EXAFS analysis. These bonding configurations allowed for tunable Mn-doping with tetrahedral coordination, further stabilized by hydrogen-bonded acetate ligands, as evidenced by C NMR and IR spectroscopy.