Identification of QTLs associated with very-long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) content via linkage mapping and BSA-seq in peanut.

Three major QTLs qA01, qB04.1 and qB05 for VLCFA content and their corresponding allele-specific markers will benefit peanut low VLCFA breeding, and a candidate gene Arahy.IF1JV3 was predicted.

Identification and Pyramiding Major QTL Loci for Simultaneously Enhancing Aflatoxin Resistance and Yield Components in Peanut.

Peanut is susceptible to infection, and the consequent aflatoxin contamination has been recognized as an important risk factor affecting food safety and industry development. Planting peanut varieties with resistance to aflatoxin contamination is regarded as an ideal approach to decrease the risk in food safety, but most of the available resistant varieties have not been extensively used in production because of their low yield potential mostly due to possessing small pods and seeds. Hence, it is highly necessary to integrate resistance to aflatoxin and large seed weight.

Transcription factor WRKY28 curbs WRKY33-mediated resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes substantial damage and loss of yield in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). The molecular mechanisms of oilseed rape defense against Sclerotinia remain elusive. In this study, we found that in the early stages of B.

BnaA03.MKK5-BnaA06.MPK3/BnaC03.MPK3 Module Positively Contributes to Resistance in .

(oilseed rape) is one of the most important oil crops worldwide, but its growth is seriously threatened by . The mechanism of oilseed rape response to this pathogen has rarely been studied. Here, it was identified that BnaA03.

Genetic and Molecular Characterization of a Self-Compatible Line Possessing a New Class II Haplotype.

Most flowering plants have evolved a self-incompatibility (SI) system to maintain genetic diversity by preventing self-pollination. The species possesses sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI), which is controlled by the pollen- and stigma-determinant factors SP11/SCR and SRK. However, the mysterious molecular mechanism of SI remains largely unknown.

Characterization of a Common Haplotype in the Self-Incompatibility of .

Self-incompatibility (SI) is a pollen-stigma recognition system controlled by a single and highly polymorphic genetic locus known as the -locus. The -locus exists in all (, AACC), but natural accessions are self-compatible. About 100 and 50 haplotypes exist in (AA) and (CC), respectively.

QTL-Seq and Transcriptome Analysis Disclose Major QTL and Candidate Genes Controlling Leaf Size in Sesame ( L.).

Leaf size is a crucial component of sesame ( L.) plant architecture and further influences yield potential. Despite that it is well known that leaf size traits are quantitative traits controlled by large numbers of genes, quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes for sesame leaf size remain poorly understood.

Disruption of carotene biosynthesis leads to abnormal plastids and variegated leaves in Brassica napus.

Leaf color is an important characteristic of normal chloroplast development. Variegated plants have green- and white-sectored leaves, which can be used to identify important pathways and molecular mechanisms of chloroplast development. We studied two Brassica napus variegation mutants from same one variegated ancestor, designated ZY-4 and ZY-8, which have different degrees of variegation.

Fine mapping of a silique length- and seed weight-related gene in Brassica napus.

Using microarray analysis combined with map-based cloning, a major locus positively regulating SL and SW was mapped to a 98.47 kb interval on A09 in rapeseed. In rapeseed, seed yield is closely associated with silique-related traits such as silique length (SL) and seed weight (SW).

Mitochondrial genome and transcriptome analysis of five alloplasmic male-sterile lines in Brassica juncea.

Background: Alloplasmic lines, in which the nuclear genome is combined with wild cytoplasm, are often characterized by cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), regardless of whether it was derived from sexual or somatic hybridization with wild relatives. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial genomes of five such alloplasmic lines in Brassica juncea.

Results: The assembled and annotated mitochondrial genomes of the five alloplasmic lines were found to have virtually identical gene contents.

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Comparison between Genic Male Sterile Line and Restorer Line.

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic modification that dynamically regulates gene expression during plant development. However, few studies have determined the DNA methylation profiles of male-sterile rapeseed. Here, we conducted a global comparison of DNA methylation patterns between the rapeseed genic male sterile line 7365A and its near-isogenic fertile line 7365B by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS).

Stable QTLs for Plant Height on Chromosome A09 Identified From Two Mapping Populations in Peanut ( L.).

The peanut ( L.) is an important grain legume extensively cultivated worldwide, supplying edible oil and protein for human consumption. As in many other crops, plant height is a crucial factor in determining peanut architecture traits and has a unique effect on resistance to lodging and efficiency of mechanized harvesting as well as yield.

Fine-mapping and candidate gene analysis of the Brassica juncea white-flowered mutant Bjpc2 using the whole-genome resequencing.

Flower color in Brassica spp. is an important trait and considered a major visual signal for insect-pollinated plants. In previous study, we isolated and identified two genes (BjPC1 and BjPC2) that control the flower color in B.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Seed Coats in Yellow-Seeded Reveals Novel Genes That Influence Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis.

Yellow seeds are a favorable trait for crops breeding due to better quality than their black-seeded counterparts. Here, we compared the seed coat transcriptomes between yellow- and brown-seeded near-isogenic lines (Y-NIL and B-NIL) that were developed from the resynthesized yellow-seeded line No. 2127-17.

Heme oxygenase 1 defects lead to reduced chlorophyll in Brassica napus.

We previously described a Brassica napus chlorophyll-deficient mutant (ygl) with yellow-green seedling leaves and mapped the related gene, BnaC.YGL, to a 0.35 cM region.

Genome-Wide Association Study Dissecting the Genetic Architecture Underlying the Branch Angle Trait in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

The rapeseed branch angle is an important morphological trait because an adequate branch angle enables more efficient light capture under high planting densities. Here, we report that the average angle of the five top branches provides a reliable representation of the average angle of all branches. Statistical analyses revealed a significantly positive correlation between the branch angle and multiple plant-type and yield-related traits.

Altered Transcription and Neofunctionalization of Duplicated Genes Rescue the Harmful Effects of a Chimeric Gene in .

Chimeric genes contribute to the evolution of diverse functions in plants and animals. However, new chimeric genes also increase the risk of developmental defects. Here, we show that the chimeric gene ( ) is responsible for genic male sterility in the widely used canola line 7365A ( ).

Genome-Wide Association Study Provides Insight into the Genetic Control of Plant Height in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Plant height is a key morphological trait of rapeseed. In this study, we measured plant height of a rapeseed population across six environments. This population contains 476 inbred lines representing the major Chinese rapeseed genepool and 44 lines from other countries.

Breeding signature of combining ability improvement revealed by a genomic variation map from recurrent selection population in Brassica napus.

Combining ability is crucial for parent selection in crop hybrid breeding. The present investigation and results had revealed the underlying genetic factors which might contribute in adequate combining ability, further assisting in enhancing heterosis and stability. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of genomic variation in order to define genomic regions affecting the combining ability in recurrent selection population of rapeseed.

Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of an anthocyanin-rich gene, BnaA.PL1, conferring purple leaves in Brassica napus L.

Because of the advantages of anthocyanins, the genetics and breeding of crops rich in anthocyanins has become a hot research topic. However, due to the lack of anthocyanin-related mutants, no regulatory genes have been mapped in Brassica napus. In this study, we first report the characterization of a B.

Mapping of BnMs4 and BnRf to a common microsyntenic region of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3 using intron polymorphism markers.

A recessive epistatic genic male sterile two-type line, 7365AB (Bnms3ms3ms4msRrfRf/BnMs3ms3ms4ms4RfRf), combined with the fertile interim-maintainer 7365C (Bnms3ms3ms4ms4rfrf) is an effective pollination control system in hybrid rapeseed production. We report an effective strategy used to fine map BnMs4 and BnRf. The two genes were both defined to a common microsyntenic region with Arabidopsis chromosome 3 using intron polymorphism (IP) markers developed according to Arabidopsis genome information and published genome organization of the A genome.

Detection of QTL for six yield-related traits in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) using DH and immortalized F(2) populations.

The inheritance of yield-related traits in rapeseed (Brassica napus) is poorly understood, and the investigations on mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for such traits are only few. QTL related to six traits were mapped which include plant height (PH), height of lowest primary effective branch (HPB), length of main inflorescence (LMI), silique length (SL), number of primary branches (FB) and silique density (SD). A set of 258 doubled haploid (DH) lines derivatives of a cross between a canola variety Quantum and a resynthesized B.

Towards map-based cloning: fine mapping of a recessive genic male-sterile gene (BnMs2) in Brassica napus L. and syntenic region identification based on the Arabidopsis thaliana genome sequences.

S45AB, a recessive genic male sterile (RGMS) line, originated as a spontaneous mutant in Brassica napus cv. Oro. The genotypes of sterile (S45A) and fertile plants (S45B) are Bnms1ms1ms2ms2 and BnMs1ms1ms2ms2, respectively.

Fine mapping of the recessive genic male-sterile gene (Bnms1) in Brassica napus L.

A recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) system, S45 AB, has been developed from spontaneous mutation in Brassica napus canola variety Oro, and is being used for hybrid cultivar development in China. The male sterility of S45 was controlled by two duplicated recessive genes, named as Bnms1 and Bnms2. In this study, a NIL (near-isogenic line) population from the sib-mating of S45 AB was developed and used for the fine mapping of the Bnms1 gene, in which the recessive allele was homozygous at the second locus.

Molecular validation of multiple allele inheritance for dominant genic male sterility gene in Brassica napus L.

Dominant genic male sterility (DGMS) has been playing an increasingly important role, not only as a tool for assisting in recurrent selection but also as an alternative approach for efficient production of hybrids. Previous studies indicate that fertility restoration of DGMS is the action of another unlinked dominant gene. Recently, through classical genetic analysis with various test populations we have verified that in a DGMS line 609AB the trait is inherited in a multiple allelic pattern.