Rat Models in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Research: Strengths, Limitations, and Implications for Translational Studies.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a multifaceted psychiatric disorder triggered by traumatic events, leading to prolonged psychological distress and varied symptoms. Rat models have been extensively used to explore the biological, behavioral, and neurochemical underpinnings of PTSD. This review critically examines the strengths and limitations of commonly used rat models, such as single prolonged stress (SPS), stress-re-stress (S-R), and predator-based paradigms, in replicating human PTSD pathology.

Prospects for Treatment of Lung Cancer Using Activated Lymphocytes Combined with Other Anti-Cancer Modalities.

This review explores the significance and prospects of using diverse T-cell variants in the context of combined therapy for lung cancer treatment. Recently, there has been an increase in research focused on understanding the critical role of tumor-specific T lymphocytes and the potential benefits of autologous T-cell-based treatments for individuals with lung cancer. One promising approach involves intravenous administration of ex vivo-activated autologous lymphocytes to improve the immune status of patients with cancer.

Pulmonary asymptomatic recurrent cavitary sarcoidosis: A case report.

Cavitary sarcoidosis is a rare form and represents non-caseating granulomatous diseases of the lungs exhibiting a narrow range of differential diagnoses. The peculiarity of this case lies in the difficulty of distinguishing atypical manifestations of pulmonary sarcoidosis, such as cystic lesions, from cavernous tuberculosis. Both possess similar clinical and radiological features.

ESKAPE pathogens in pediatric cardiac surgery patients: 5-year microbiological monitoring in a tertiary hospital in Kazakhstan.

Hospital acquired infections greatly affect recovery and survival in pediatric surgical patients. We evaluated prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of ESKAPE pathogens in neonates and infants subjected to cardiac surgery in a tertiary hospital in Central Kazakhstan between 2019 and 2023 (2,278 patients) using routine methods of microbiological detection. ESKAPE pathogens were found in 1,899 out of 2,957 samples (Staphylococcus aureus - 35.

Improving Fertility in Non-obstructive Azoospermia: Results from an Autologous Bone Mar-row-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Phase I Clinical Trial.

Background: In this phase I clinical trial, our primary objective was to develop an innovative therapeutic approach utilizing autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BM-MSCs) for the treatment of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Additionally, we aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of this approach.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 80 participants in this non-randomized, open-label clinical trial, including patients undergoing NOA treatment using autologous BM-MSCs (n=40) and those receiving hormone therapy as a control group (n=40).

Hybrid versus traditional method closure of ventricular septal defects in children.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the hybrid method off-pump for closure of isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) compared with the traditional method of on-pump of children.

Methods: This research was a retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from 500 patients with isolated VSD (or residual VSD after a previous repair) who underwent surgery at the National Scientific Medical Center from May 2016 to December 2020.

Simultaneous surgery for coexisting heart disease and non-cardiac malignancy: assessment of feasibility in case series.

We present case series of simultaneous surgery for coexisting cardiac and non-cardiac pathologies to evaluate the feasibility of the treatment. The retrospective analysis included 27 patients aged between 28 and 74 years. The most often heart diseases were coronary arterial disease and valve defects, and the most often heart surgery was coronary artery bypass grafting.

Treatment of erectile dysfunction by intracavernosal administration of mesenchymal stem cells in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: Erectile dysfunction is observed in about 50% of men. It has been found that diabetes mellitus increases its prevalence to 19-86.3%, necessitating attention to a therapeutic strategy.

Histologically Validated Myocardial Fibrosis in Relation to Left Ventricular Geometry and Its Function in Aortic Stenosis.

: The combination of aortic valve stenosis (AS) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) is quite common and is associated with myocardial fibrosis (MF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the histologically verified left ventricular (LV) MF and its geometry and function in isolated AS and AS within IHD groups. : In a single-center, prospective trial, 116 patients underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) with/without concomitant surgery.

Dynamics of Sex Hormones in Men with Diabetes Mellitus After Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplant.

Objectives: Our goal was to determine levels of sex hormones in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus after autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplant.

Materials And Methods: We examined 10 male patients (32-56 years old) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus, whom we subsequently divided into 2 groups and examined. Group 1 comprised 5 male patients who received autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplant (cells were obtained from patient's iliac crest and cultured for 3-4 weeks) by intravenous infusion.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate immune responses and maintain self-tolerance. Their trophic activities and regenerative properties make them potential immunosuppressants for treating autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. MSCs are drawn to sites of injury and inflammation where they can both reduce inflammation and contribute to tissue regeneration.

A case report of extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid nodules in lungs.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disorder primarily affecting joints but not limited to the joints alone. Extra-articular manifestations involve skin, ocular, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cardiac, renal, neurological, and hematological systems. Among them, skin manifestations (20%) are most common, presenting as nodules on the extensor surfaces of the upper and lower extremities.

Elevated Levels of Plasma Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1) Are Strongly Associated with eGFR and Albuminuria in Chronic Kidney Disease.

: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has various etiologies, making it impossible to fully understand its complex pathophysiology. Elevated levels of plasma creatinine, proteinuria, and albuminuria and declined eGFR are traits observed in CKD patients. The current study attempts to highlight the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) protein as a putative blood biomarker for CKD in addition to existing recognized indicators of CKD progression.

Urinary Protein Profiling for Potential Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study.

Proteinuria is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and associated complications. However, there is insufficient information on individual protein components in urine and the severity of CKD. We aimed to investigate urinary proteomics and its association with proteinuria and kidney function in early-stage CKD and in healthy individuals.

Reliability of the Multiplex CytoBead CeliAK Immunoassay to Assess Anti-tTG IgA for Celiac Disease Screening.

The diagnosis of Celiac Disease (CD) is first based on the positivity for specific serological markers. The CytoBead CeliAK immunoassay simultaneously measures antibodies (IgA) directed to tissue transglutaminase (tTG), endomysium (EMA), and deamidated gliadin (DG), in addition to providing a control for total IgA levels. The aim of this study is to assess the reliability of this multiplex assay to detect anti-tTG IgA positive patients, compared with a conventional single-parameter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Cardioprotective effect of grape polyphenol extract against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent known to cause cardiotoxicity that is thought to be associated with oxidative stress. The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of grape polyphenols' antioxidant property as cardioprotective against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Adult Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into 3 different groups: a doxorubicin group that received a single intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin (8.

Dose equivalency and efficacy of biosimilar erythropoietin stimulating agents: Data from real clinical practice.

Recently, biosimilar erythropoietin stimulating agents become available in Kazakhstan. Important properties of the biosimilar such as dose equivalency to the original medicine (originator) and the ability to maintain hemoglobin target levels remain insufficiently described in many clinical settings. Thus, the current study aims to determine dose equivalency and hemoglobin target levels in a cohort of dialysis patients who were switched from the originator to biosimilar.

The influences of morphine or ketamine pre-treatment on hemodynamic, acid-base status, biochemical markers of brain damage and early survival in rats after asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Background: In different models of hypoxia, blockade of opioid or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors shows cardio- and neuroprotective effects with a consequent increase in animal survival. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of pre-treatment with Morphine or Ketamine on hemodynamic, acid-base status, early survival, and biochemical markers of brain damage in a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest (ACA).

Methods: Under anaesthesia with Thiopental Sodium 60 mg/kg, i.

The Effects of Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on β-Amyloid-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human and Rat Primary Astrocytes.

Amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is implicated in the development of pathological reactions associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and death of brain cells. Current pharmacological approaches to treat AD are not able to control the deposition of Aβ and suppression of Aβ-induced cellular response. There is a growing body of evidence that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) causes a decrease of beta-amyloid deposition in the brains and provides cognitive benefits to Alzheimer's Tg mice.

Association between malnutrition-inflammation score and risk of subsequent self-reported bone fractures in prevalent kidney transplant recipients.

Unlabelled: Chronic inflammation and protein energy wasting (PEW) syndrome are common in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The presence of inflammation and PEW syndrome can directly affect bone resorption and bone formation, leading to bone loss and fractures. We showed PEW is independently associated with new clinically detected bone fractures in prevalent KTR.

Morphology of the Ovaries in Condition of Inhalation Intoxication with Dust-Saline Aerosols of the Aral Sea in Female White Rats.

Background: After some clinical studies of the reproductive health of the female population of the Aral Sea region, we concluded that it is necessary to confirm by experiment the theory of the direct influence of dust-saline aerosols of the Aral Sea on the reproductive system of female individuals.

Aim: The purpose of this work is to study the effect of dust-saline aerosols of the Aral Sea on the folliculogenesis process in rats at inhalation intoxication.

Methods: Inhalation in rats was carried out for 30 days for 4 hours a day for 5 days a week in special inoculating cylindrical chambers with the extra-chamber placement of animals in individual boxes and dynamic aerosol delivery.

Sensitivity to Antimicrobial Drugs of Extreme-Resistant Strains Isolated in the Major Hospitals of Central Kazakhstan.

Aim: The article presents the current data on the sensitivity of the main 37 strains of eXtremaly Drugs Resistance (XDR) category to anti-pseudomonas drugs.

Material And Methods: The strains were collected during the prospective multicenter study in large multidisciplinary hospitals of Central Kazakhstan. Susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was carried out by disk method and the serial dilution method with the interpretation of the results according to EUCAST criteria.

Renal artery embolization in severe nephrotic syndrome.

Introduction Severe nephrotic syndrome is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Renal artery embolization (RAE) has been used in a number of renal diseases such as renal tumors, arteriovenous fistulas etc. However, data regarding benefits of RAE in patients with symptomatic severe proteinuria is limited.

Catamenial Pneumothorax.

The Spanish congress of the European association of pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons, held in 2009, confirmed the international classification of spontaneous pneumothorax in which catamenial (menstrual) pneumothorax was identified. Different from usual pneumothorax, its reason is not because of bleb disease in the lungs, but rather, caused by menstrual cycle in women. The cause was partly studied and explained by several theories.