Radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with technetium 99m: current state and future prospects.

Radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with technetium-99m (Tc) has become a promising approach in combining the benefits of nanotechnology and nuclear medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art of radiolabeling of bionanomaterials with Tc, highlighting the synthesis methods, labeling mechanisms, biological evaluation, physicochemical characterization and clinical applications of Tc-labeled bionanomaterials. Various types of nanomaterials are considered in the review, including lipid- and protein-based nanosystems, dendrimers and polymeric nanomaterials.

Erratum: "Fractional Brownian motion with random Hurst exponent: Accelerating diffusion and persistence transitions" [Chaos 32, 093114 (2022)].

We point out a minor mistake in Fig. 10 in the published version of our paper [M. Balcerek et al.

Negative diffusion of excitons in quasi-two-dimensional systems.

We show how two different mobile-immobile type models explain the observation of negative diffusion of excitons reported in experimental studies in quasi-two-dimensional semiconductor systems. The main reason for the effect is the initial trapping and a delayed release of free excitons in the area close to the original excitation spot. The density of trapped excitons is not registered experimentally.

Universal singularities of anomalous diffusion in the Richardson class.

Inhomogeneous environments are rather ubiquitous in nature, often implying anomalies resulting in deviation from Gaussianity of diffusion processes. While sub- and superdiffusion are usually due to contrasting environmental features (hindering or favoring the motion, respectively), they are both observed in systems ranging from the micro- to the cosmological scale. Here we show how a model encompassing sub- and superdiffusion in an inhomogeneous environment exhibits a critical singularity in the normalized generator of the cumulants.

Anomalous Dynamical Scaling Determines Universal Critical Singularities.

Anomalous diffusion phenomena occur on length scales spanning from intracellular to astrophysical ranges. A specific form of decay at a large argument of the probability density function of rescaled displacement (scaling function) is derived and shown to imply universal singularities in the normalized cumulant generator. Exact calculations for continuous time random walks provide paradigmatic examples connected with singularities of second order phase transitions.

Kinetics of Precipitation Processes at Non-Zero Input Fluxes of Segregating Particles.

We consider the process of formation and growth of clusters of a new phase in segregation processes in solid or liquid solutions in an open system when segregating particles are added continuously to it with a given rate of input fluxes, Φ. As shown here, the value of the input flux significantly affects the number of supercritical clusters formed, their growth kinetics, and, in particular, the coarsening behavior in the late stages of the process. The detailed specification of the respective dependencies is the aim of the present analysis, which combines numerical computations with an analytical treatment of the obtained results.

Crystal nucleation in a glass during relaxation well below T.

Until quite recently, in almost all papers on crystal nucleation in glass-forming substances, it was assumed that nucleation proceeds in a completely relaxed supercooled liquid and, hence, at constant values of the critical parameters determining the nucleation rate for any given set of temperature, pressure, and composition. Here, we analyze the validity of this hypothesis for a model system by studying nucleation in a lithium silicate glass treated for very long times (up to 250 days) in deeply supercooled states, reaching 60 K below the laboratory glass transition temperature, T. At all temperatures in the considered range, T < T, we observed an enormous difference between the experimental number of nucleated crystals, N(t), and its theoretically expected value computed by assuming the metastable state of the relaxing glass has been reached.

Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm quark in proton-proton collisions at .

Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm ( ) quark in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 are reported. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 19.7 collected by the CMS detector at the LHC.

Search for Higgs Boson Pair Production in the Four b Quark Final State in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for pairs of Higgs bosons produced via gluon and vector boson fusion is presented, focusing on the four b quark final state. The data sample consists of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. No deviation from the background-only hypothesis is observed.

Search for Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Interactions of the Top Quark and Higgs Boson in Final States with Two Photons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Proton-proton interactions resulting in final states with two photons are studied in a search for the signature of flavor-changing neutral current interactions of top quarks (t) and Higgs bosons (H). The analysis is based on data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137  fb^{-1}. No significant excess above the background prediction is observed.

Probing Charm Quark Dynamics via Multiparticle Correlations in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

Multiparticle azimuthal correlations of prompt D^{0} mesons are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. For the first time, a four-particle cumulant method is used to extract the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (v_{2}) of D^{0} mesons as a function of event centrality and the D^{0} transverse momentum.

Search for Resonances Decaying to Three W Bosons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for resonances decaying into a W boson and a radion, where the radion decays into two W bosons, is presented. The data analyzed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} recorded in proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at sqrt[s]=13  TeV. One isolated charged lepton is required, together with missing transverse momentum and one or two massive large-radius jets, containing the decay products of either two or one W bosons, respectively.

Observation of the B_{c}^{+} Meson in Pb-Pb and pp Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV and Measurement of its Nuclear Modification Factor.

The B_{c}^{+} meson is observed for the first time in heavy ion collisions. Data from the CMS detector are used to study the production of the B_{c}^{+} meson in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, via the B_{c}^{+}→(J/ψ→μ^{+}μ^{-})μ^{+}ν_{μ} decay.

Observation of B (2S)K and B (2S)K decays.

Using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2017 and 2018 with an integrated luminosity of , the and decays are observed with significances exceeding 5 standard deviations. The resulting branching fraction ratios, measured for the first time, correspond to and , where the last uncertainty in the first ratio is related to the uncertainty in the ratio of production cross sections of and mesons, .

Non-Markovian diffusion of excitons in layered perovskites and transition metal dichalcogenides.

The diffusion of excitons in perovskites and transition metal dichalcogenides shows clear anomalous, subdiffusive behaviour in experiments. In this paper we develop a non-Markovian mobile-immobile model which provides an explanation of this behaviour through paired theoretical and simulation approaches. The simulation model is based on a random walk on a 2D lattice with randomly distributed deep traps such that the trapping time distribution involves slowly decaying power-law asymptotics.

Search for low-mass dilepton resonances in Higgs boson decays to four-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at .

A search for low-mass dilepton resonances in Higgs boson decays is conducted in the four-lepton final state. The decay is assumed to proceed via a pair of beyond the standard model particles, or one such particle and a boson. The search uses proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 , at a center-of-mass energy .

Using Z Boson Events to Study Parton-Medium Interactions in Pb-Pb Collisions.

The spectra measurements of charged hadrons produced in the shower of a parton originating in the same hard scattering with a leptonically decaying Z boson are reported in lead-lead nuclei (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. Both Pb-Pb and pp data sets are recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.

Search for strongly interacting massive particles generating trackless jets in proton-proton collisions at .

A search for dark matter in the form of strongly interacting massive particles (SIMPs) using the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. The SIMPs would be produced in pairs that manifest themselves as pairs of jets without tracks. The energy fraction of jets carried by charged particles is used as a key discriminator to suppress efficiently the large multijet background, and the remaining background is estimated directly from data.

Measurement of the Inclusive and Differential Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections in the Decay Mode to a Pair of τ Leptons in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections of the Higgs boson are presented, using the τ lepton decay channel. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, jet multiplicity, and transverse momentum of the leading jet in the event, if any. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13  TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}.

Search for long-lived particles decaying to leptons with large impact parameter in proton-proton collisions at .

A search for new long-lived particles decaying to leptons using proton-proton collision data produced by the CERN LHC at is presented. Events are selected with two leptons (an electron and a muon, two electrons, or two muons) that both have transverse impact parameter values between 0.01 and 10 and are not required to form a common vertex.

Evidence for X(3872) in Pb-Pb Collisions and Studies of its Prompt Production at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The first evidence for X(3872) production in relativistic heavy ion collisions is reported. The X(3872) production is studied in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV per nucleon pair, using the decay chain X(3872)→J/ψπ^{+}π^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}π^{+}π^{-}.

Search for Long-Lived Particles Decaying in the CMS End Cap Muon Detectors in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search for long-lived particles (LLPs) produced in decays of standard model (SM) Higgs bosons is presented. The data sample consists of 137  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, recorded at the LHC in 2016-2018. A novel technique is employed to reconstruct decays of LLPs in the end cap muon detectors.

Measurements of the Electroweak Diboson Production Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=5.02 TeV Using Leptonic Decays.

The first measurements of diboson production cross sections in proton-proton interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are reported. They are based on data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 302  pb^{-1}.

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at .

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented.