[Radiotherapy and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer].

The nonsurgical gold standard treatment for esophageal cancer is radiotherapy, but chemoradiation therapy using anticancer agents concurrently is becoming standard management. With chemoradiation adverse responses in the acute stage may be enhanced in comparison with conventional radiation therapy alone, but improved treatment outcomes are reported. A consensus has nearly been reached on the standard radiation technique and dose, and a guideline changes, but drug type, timing, and optimum dosage in chemoradiation are unclear.

[Adjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma].

Osteosarcoma is the one of the tumors that's prognosis have been improved dramatically by the introduction of chemotherapy consisting mainly of adriamycin, high-dose methotrexate with Leucovorin rescue and cisplatinum. Now, the purpose of the treatment for osteosarcoma are assurance of their life and functional and beautiful limb-sparing. Recently, preoperative chemotherapy for limb saving is given to patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities.