Impact of belt and road initiative policy and interacting effect of renewable energy toward carbon neutrality.

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) represents a comprehensive developmental blueprint that has been deployed across numerous Asian, European, and African nations, aimed at fostering economic growth and enhanced regional connectivity. However, concerns have been raised about its potential impact on the environment, specifically in the context of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. Employing non-parametric analytical techniques, this research undertakes an empirical investigation into the relationship between economic growth (GDP), renewable energy consumption (REC), and CO emissions within the context of BRI participant countries, spanning the years from 2000 to 2018.

Does green innovation promote environmental efficiency from a global perspective? A hybrid approach (fuzzy DEA-SEM-ANN).

Green innovation is crucial for reducing carbon dioxide (CO) emissions and promoting environmental efficiency worldwide. However, there is a lack of scholarly research investigating the relationship between environmentally friendly innovations and improved environmental performance. To fill this knowledge gap, a comprehensive study was conducted using data from 64 countries spanning 2010 to 2018.

An Optical Planar Waveguide-Based Immunosensors for Determination of Mycotoxin Zearalenone.

A planar waveguide (PW) immunosensor working as a polarisation interferometer was developed for the detection of mycotoxin zearalenone (ZON). The main element of the sensor is an optical waveguide consisting of a thin silicon nitride layer between two thicker silicon dioxide layers. A combination of a narrow waveguiding core made by photolithography with an advanced optical set-up providing a coupling of circular polarised light into the PW via its slanted edge allowed the realization of a novel sensing principle by detection of the phase shift between the p- and s-components of polarised light propagating through the PW.

Direct and Competitive Optical Grating Immunosensors for Determination of Mycotoxin Zearalenone.

Novel optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS)-based immunosensor formats were developed for label-free detection of mycotoxin zearalenone (ZON). To achieve low limits of detection (LODs), both immobilised antibody-based (direct) and immobilised antigen-based (competitive) assay setups were applied. Immunoreagents were immobilised on epoxy-, amino-, and carboxyl-functionalised sensor surfaces, and by optimising the immobilisation methods, standard sigmoid curves were obtained in both sensor formats.

Radiolysis of sulfonamide antibiotics in aqueous solution: Degradation efficiency and assessment of antibacterial activity, toxicity and biodegradability of products.

Numerous studies have been published on the radiolysis of sulfonamide antibiotic solutions but little effort has been made to monitor the biological properties of degradation products. A complex approach should also clarify the changes in antibacterial activity and biodegradability, besides the usual screening of toxicity. To fill this gap, the ionizing radiation induced degradation of four sulfonamide antibiotics was investigated in dilute aqueous solutions, with emphasis on the biological assessment of decomposition products.

Determination of Mycotoxin Production of Fusarium Species in Genetically Modified Maize Varieties by Quantitative Flow Immunocytometry.

Levels of mycotoxins produced by species in genetically modified (GM) and near-isogenic maize, were determined using multi-analyte, microbead-based flow immunocytometry with fluorescence detection, for the parallel quantitative determination of fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2, ochratoxin A, and aflatoxin B1. Maize varieties included the genetic events and , and their isogenic counterparts. Cobs were artificially infested by and conidia, and contained and natural infestation.